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Principles of humanism and holism in nursing care of patients with autism spectrum disorder
VLKOVÁ, Blanka
This bachelor thesis focuses on analyzing the problematic situations in nursing process from the point of view of nursing staff taking care of the ASD patients, on mapping the ASD patients´ specific needs and on mapping the care provided to ASD patients from the point of view of nurses. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first one consists of the theoretical introduction and of the outline of the contemporary state of research concerning the topic of taking care of ASD patients. The empirical part is based on qualitative-quantitative research and it is divided into several parts. The first part of the research focused on acquiring data from persons taking care of people with ASD. There was chosen a quantitative form of research while using the method of semi-structured interview. Nine respondents participated in this part, the choosing process of respondents was controlled. The second part of the research focused on confirming or disproving the statements from the first part of the research and on confirming or disproving the stated hypotheses. The means of quantitative research was chosen while using non-standardized questionnaire created by the author. The questionnaires were distributed in printed and electronic forms regarding the epidemiological situation in the Czech Republic. There were 212 participants. The main result of the first part of the research is a list of problematic situations which affect the ASD patients and the process of providing the nursing care. There were identified specific and individual needs of ASD patients including the need of sleep, nutrition, affiliation, of organization, of sensorial perception and knowledge and also the need of self-sustainability in every-day activities. The result of the qualitative part shows which ways are available for nursing staff in the process of communication with ASD patients and which means they use during the nursing process. There was mapped the difficulty of satisfying the needs from the point of view of the nursing staff and its interest in the topic. While testing the stated hypothesis, only the hypothesis nr. 3 was confirmed - the ASD patients require more individualized care than intact patients. Hypothesis nr. 1 - nurses use more verbal than non-verbal means while communicating with ASD patients - and hypothesis nr. 2 - the satisfaction of psychological needs is for ASD patients more difficult than satisfaction of biological needs - were not confirmed.
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Preparation of preschool Child with ASD for Beginning of School
SVOBODOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor's thesis describes the preparation of a preschool child with autism spectrum disorder for compulsory school attendance. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to verify possibilities for using the educational evaluation profile of a child with autism spectrum disorder up to age of 7 while using individually focused ways for elementary school preparation. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis is focused on pervasive developmental disorders. Other developmental disorders are very often associated here and therefore is also focused on mental retardation. The practical part shows the qualitative research which is conducted in a kindergarten established under Section 16 paragraph 9 of the Czech education act. Case studies of selected children are presented here and possibilities of using the educational evaluation profile for creating an individual intervention plan are shown. Individual items in the profile are filled in with the assistance of observation and practical experience with the child. Based on the evaluation, the child's level of development is determined. The outcome of the practical part is that the educational evaluation profile is fully sufficient for providing an individual intervention of particular child with autism spectrum disorder.
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Social Work With the Family, Where Lives Child With Autism
JUŘÍKOVÁ, Marcela
The bachelor thesis deals with social work with the family of a child with one of the autism spectrum disorders in the early intervention environment, after which the aim of this thesis is to list the possibilities of support and assistance to families with autism in terms of social work, especially early care. The thesis contains not only a general and specific characteristics of a child with autism and his family where a child lives, but also a comprehensive range of social services, an overview of available contributions and social benefits to which the family is entitled in such a situation. In the last chapter, there are real stories of families with an autistic child.
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Coping with Stress of Parents with Autism Spectrum Disorder Children
BAUEROVÁ, Denisa
The topic of my work is how to manage the long-term challenges for parents with a child suffering from an autistic spectrum disorder. The main aim of my Bachelor's work is to show and chart the possibilities offered to parents in the České Budějovice area as they try to deal with the related stresses and burdens. My aim is also to document the social service institutions and activities available to these parents. Qualitative research was used to fulfill these aims. The chosen research sample for this strategy were the parents with children who have an autistic spectrum disorder, living in the České Budějovice area, or using social services there. Communicative partners were chosen and the snowball sampling technique was used. Data was acquired using direct questioning and structured conversation. The data was then evaluated by open coding and interpretative phenomenal analysis. It is clear from the results that the parents use a support structure whereby they share the burden among family members and friends, and use the help of specialists in psychiatry. They also receive social security payments to consolidate and enhance the economic security of the family. It was also found that half of the parents cooperate with different organizations offering help to children with these needs. Another aspect that was clear from the results was that the families were fully informed about the different institutions and organizations that were available to help people with autistic spectrum disorder, including their families. This has been documented in the theoretical part of this work. The research showed that parents noticed the high occupancy in these institutions for people with PAS problems. Half of them would be really happy to see an increased capacity in these institutions, and to also create other organisations aimed at helping people. This work and its results can be used as an information source for people and institutions who care for, and are interested in, people with autistic spectrum disorders and their families. It could also be used as a general education resource for this area.
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Dilemmas of organizations providing services to people with autism
ŠPAČKOVÁ, Barbora
The diploma thesis focuses on ethical dilemmas of organizations which helps people with autism spectrum disorders. The preface part describes methodical steps which were taken to elaborate this thesis. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first part focuses on target group and its specific varieties. The second part deals with the specifics of the social work with autistic people. The next part is dedicated to ethics in the field of social work, mostly to ethical code, problems and dilemmas of social workers. In the fourth part the three ethical theories are described: Deontology, Utilitarianism and Antiopressive Theories.The fifth part follows, where the specific dilemmas of organizations helping to people with autism are introduced. The last part focuses on application of above-mentioned theories to specific dilemma. The research probe was done in particular organization which deals with people with autism. Obtained information were processed in discussion.
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Methods of working with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
BÁRTOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor's thesis deals with methods od working with children with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to analyze these methods and find out which methods are the most used. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focuses on which aids are most used for working with children with autism spectrum disorders. The practical part was processed using a qualitative research strategy. The qualitative research strategy was implemented through semi-structured interviews with therapists working with children with autism spectrum disorder in preschool age. The research results were processed using open coding and subsequent categorization. The empirical part describes what methods of work and what aids we can use when working with children with ASD and which of these methods and aids are the most suitable. The research revealed the O.T.A. (Open Therapy of Autism) as the most used method for working with children with ASD in preschool age, music therapy and art therapy are also very popular within the intervention. Another suitable intervention method is the structured learning method. In practice, various relaxation aids are used, such as relaxation music, or the projection of shapes on the wall; aids for motor skills or communication training; pictograms for orientation in everyday activities. Electronic devices are also widely used, especially the iPad. We will probably never be able to claim with certainty which method is the most suitable, but it is certain that if we look at the individuality, uniqueness of the child, we will try to understand him as much as possible and get to know him. The bachelor thesis can be used as a theoretical guide to how to work with children with autism spectrum disorder.
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Creation of didactic aids for pupils with Dysfunction in Autism Spectrumin the educational process of special primary school
MORAVCOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis deals with creators of teaching aids for pupils in the educational process of special schools for primary education. The aim of the work is to find out how teachers approach the creation of teaching aids for students with ASD. If there are some problems in the process of creation of an aid for a pupil with ASD. What procedures they suggest for creating an aid. A partial opinion is the creation of a possibility for interactive teaching aids and applications which allow to create some specific aids for a selected pupil. The work is divided into two parts, a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part consists of 5 main chapters. It focuses on the issue of ASD, on the manifestations of behaviour in children with ASD, on didactic approaches which can be applied in the education of students with ASD and the last chapter is focused on teaching aids for students with ASD. There is a quality qualitative research for the practical part. The method of semi-structured interview is chosen for data collection. For data purposes, the method of creating clumps is chosen. The results of the research parts and the research objectives are available at the end of the practical part. The bachelor thesis advert to the approach of teachers to the creation of teaching aids. It examines if there are any problems in the process of creation of aids. It describes each proposed procedure of the creation of aids for pupils with ASD from teachers. It also focuses on the creation of my own proposed procedure for the production of aids and application of this procedure in creating a specific aid for a selected pupil.
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Perception of the female role in a group of women with an autism spectrum disorder
VLČKOVÁ, Pavla
This bachelor's thesis is devoted to the topic " Perception of the female role in a group of women with an autism spectrum disorder". The reason for choosing this topic is the absence of knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to fill this gap and bring new knowledge that might help in education and general approach to people with an autism spectrum disorder. The thesis also brings a view of adolescent women on their approach to the female role. What symbolizes the female role. How do they relate the female role to their person. The research was carried out using a qualitative strategy, a method of interviews with adolescent women and their mothers. The interviews were studied, and their connections were evaluated. The information obtained showed that adolescent women with autism spectrum disorder are extremely influenced in the perception of the female role by their mothers, as mothers were brought up according to a long-standing grounded stereotype. I can assume that the obtained information may be a benefit to mothers of adolescent women with autism spectrum disorder in the future. It also can make mothers do not act so much according to the grounded stereotype and leave their teenage daughters the opportunity to form their own view of the female role.
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Young adult with autism spectrum disorder and their employment possibilities
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Denisa
The bachelor's thesis deals with the employment of people with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to approach the issue of employment in the labour market for people with ASD and at the same time describe the specifics of employing people with ASD and further connect the results with potential employers and acquaint the general public with the positives of employing people with ASD. Qualitative research was used to fulfil the above goal. With this chosen strategy, the research sample was selected through institutions that deal with the issue of ASD. The first research sample represent parents and children with autism spectrum disorder, and the next research sample are social inclusion workers. Data were obtained by the method of questioning, the technique of semi-controlled interview. Then, the data were evaluated by using open coding method followed by data categorization. The results show that people with ASD do not have much experience in employment and they mentioned employers as one of the prime reasons who are not inclined to offer positions to people with autism spectrum disorder. Despite offering them a number of benefits, both economic and individual. This bachelor's thesis and its findings can be useful as a warning to the general public and professionals interested in the issue of ASD. Another benefit can be considered an increase in awareness and the notion of employers about the employability of people with ASD - that's means factors and specifics associated with the employment of these individuals. Lastly, I would also mention the benefits for organizations in using new knowledge from practice.
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