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Compounds combining pyrazinamide and p-aminosalicylic acid fragments as potential antituberculars II
Žák, Ondřej ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
COMPOUNDS COMBINING PYRAZINAMIDE AND P-AMINOSALICYLIC ACID FRAGMENTS AS POTENTIAL ANTITUBERCULARS II ŽÁK ONDŘEJ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic A series of new compounds combining pyrazinamide and p-aminobenzoic acid was prepared and in vitro tested for antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis, M. avium, M. kansasii, M. aurum and M. smegmatis. Previously prepared 4-(5-chloropyrazine-2-carboxamido)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (R1 = OH) exerted micromolar activity against M.tuberculosis and low in vitro cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Para-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) has significant antitubercular properties based on its resemblance to p-aminobenzoic acid and interference with the folate pathway in mycobacteria. To assess the role of the PAS fragment, we designed and prepared derivatives with modified substitution on the phenyl ring (R1 ). Further modification was the exchange of 5-Cl on the pyrazine core for (alkyl)amino substituent (JZ-OZ), which was a successful modification in previous series. Final compounds were described by melting point, elementary analysis, IR spectroscopy and 1 H, 13 C NMR. Changing the PAS fragment, when we removed or replaced the OH-group at position 2, the antimycobacterial...
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds II
Kučerová, Lucie ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Candidate: Lucie Kučerová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Martin Juhás Title of diploma thesis: Design, synthesis and evaluation of pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds II Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and is currently one of the most common causes of death from an infectious disease. Treatment of tuberculosis is long-term, combined and controlled to prevent resistance. Resistance is very serious and therefore treatment is always performed with more antituberculars at the same time. Finding new drugs and improving existing ones is a constant part of research. In the theoretical part I tried to summarize information about tuberculosis, its causative agent, diagnostics, possible prevention and treatment strategy. I have described the most commonly used antituberculars, especially the first- line antituberculars - pyrazinamide, from which the derivatives synthesized in my work are based. In the experimental part I described the procedures and reactions used for synthesis of the new compounds, which were formed by combining pyrazinamide with various amino acids. In this...
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Pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds
Čečetková, Martina ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Marta (referee)
Charles University, Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Candidate: Martina Čečetková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds Even in 21st century, tuberculosis still remains a serious and global health threat. Tuberculosis is one of the 10 most common causes of death, the most burdened are developing countries, but this disease infects up to 1/3 of population worldwide. Due to ineffective treatment of tuberculosis in developing countries, the prevalence of tuberculosis which does not respond to standard treatment is increasing. It is necessary to develop new drugs effective against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and prevent further spread of the disease. The design of final structures is based on previously synthesized molecule 6- chloro-N-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide, which structure comes from first line antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) and 4-arylthiazol-2-amine scaffold with formerly identified antimycobacterial activity. This starting compound exhibits high activity against M. tuberculosis described by MIC = 0,78 µg/mL and low cytotoxicity. The object of study was to determine effect of substitution...
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Compounds combining pyrazinamide and 4-aminobenzoic acid fragments as potential antituberculars
Žecová, Jana ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Author: Jana Žecová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Compounds combining pyrazinamide and 4-aminobenzoic acid fragments as potential antituberculars Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease, which has been afflicting the human world population for centuries. It's figuring in the scale of the deadliest diseases as well as the occurring of strains resistant to therapy requires a serious approach to this problem and the research of new therapeutic means. Among the actual antituberculars figure two compounds, PZA and PAS. Pyrazinamide is a first line drug, and its derivatives are subject of the research in the Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis. Structurally similar to 4-aminobenzoic acid, PAS is a second line antitubercular, which is again actual in the therapy of resistant form of TBC. This diploma thesis treats about possibilities of the use of compounds combining fragments of PZA and 4-aminobenzoic acid as potential antituberculars. Furthermore, this thesis evaluates the influence of PAS fragment in the derivatives prepared with this antimycobacterial purpose. The theoretical part describes the actual state of...
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Derivatives of 5-alkylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acid as potential anti-infectives
Halířová, Martina ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Marta (referee)
DERIVATIVES OF 5-ALKYLPYRAZINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID AS POTENTIAL ANTI-INFECTIVES HALÍŘOVÁ MARTINA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic In our previous study, we have demonstrated that 5-alkylamino-N- phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides with longer alkyl chain (C5-C8) exerted micromolar growth inhibition activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. We speculated that the long alkylamino chain could facilitate the penetration of lipophilic mycobacterial cell envelope. To test this hypothesis, we performed the amino to methylene isosteric exchange and designed a series of 5-alkyl-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamides. 5- Alkylpyrazine-2-carboxylic acids (5-Ak-POA) were prepared by homolytic alkylation of commercially available pyrazine-2-carbonitrile by respective alkanoic acid, followed by hydrolysis of the carbonitrile group. Final derivatives were prepared by CDI mediated coupling of 5-Ak-POA with corresponding aniline at RT. Final compounds were described by melting point, elementary analysis, IR spectroscopy and 1 H, 13 C NMR. Then they were tested in vitro for antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and several non-tuberculous mycobacterial strains. Several compounds exerted MIC of 3.13-6.25 µg mL-1 ....
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Synthesis of aerothionin analogs as potential antimycobacterial agents
Šimovičová, Martina ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis Author: Martina Šimovičová Supervisors: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D.; Adjunct Prof. Paula Kiuru, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis of aerothionin analogs as potential antimycobacterial agents Key words: antimycobacterial; tuberculosis; synthesis; aerothionin; bromotyrosines Drugs currently used for the treatment of tuberculosis are the result of studies carried out 50 or 60 years ago. With the constantly growing bacterial resistance to these pharmaceuticals grows also the importance of research for new antimycobacterially active compounds. The marine environment undoubtedly holds an enormous potential for discovering new leads for the development of antitubercular agents. One of these leads is a spirocyclic compound called aerothionin (1), which was found to be active against multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as three non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (Figure 1). In addition, several spirocyclic structures (not only from marine origin) were discovered to affect on the M. tuberculosis in recent years, making this structure segment attractive for antitubercular research. Figure 1: Aerothionin (1) and general structure of the...
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Derivatives combining the fragment of pyrazinamide and 4-aminosalicylic acid as antimycobacterial compounds
Šlechta, Petr ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Author: Petr Šlechta Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Consultant: MSc. Ghada Basem Bouz, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Derivatives combining the fragment of pyrazinamide and 4-aminosalicylic acid as antimycobacterial compounds According to WHO, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious organism worldwide and the number of cases with drug resistant TB is still increasing, creating the need for new antituberculotics. Therefore, we report design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of a series of hybrid compounds combining different pyrazinamide derivates and p- aminosalicylic acid as potential antituberculotic agents. The compounds were prepared by mixing different pyrazinecarboxylic acids, after activation by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, with p- aminosalicylic acid in dimethylsulfoxide as a solvent. Obtained compounds were in vitro tested for their antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, M. tuberculosis H37Ra and four other mycobacterial strains. Prepared compounds were also in vitro screened for antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic (HepG2) activity. Most compounds showed antimycobacterial activity in range of...
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Derivatives combining the fragment of pyrazinamide and 4-aminosalicylic acid as antimycobacterial compounds
Šlechta, Petr ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Author: Petr Šlechta Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Consultant: MSc. Ghada Basem Bouz, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Derivatives combining the fragment of pyrazinamide and 4-aminosalicylic acid as antimycobacterial compounds According to WHO, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious organism worldwide and the number of cases with drug resistant TB is still increasing, creating the need for new antituberculotics. Therefore, we report design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of a series of hybrid compounds combining different pyrazinamide derivates and p- aminosalicylic acid as potential antituberculotic agents. The compounds were prepared by mixing different pyrazinecarboxylic acids, after activation by 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, with p- aminosalicylic acid in dimethylsulfoxide as a solvent. Obtained compounds were in vitro tested for their antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, M. tuberculosis H37Ra and four other mycobacterial strains. Prepared compounds were also in vitro screened for antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic (HepG2) activity. Most compounds showed antimycobacterial activity in range of...
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Compounds combining pyrazinamide and 4-aminobenzoic acid fragments as potential antituberculars
Žecová, Jana ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčík, Petr (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Author: Jana Žecová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Compounds combining pyrazinamide and 4-aminobenzoic acid fragments as potential antituberculars Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease, which has been afflicting the human world population for centuries. It's figuring in the scale of the deadliest diseases as well as the occurring of strains resistant to therapy requires a serious approach to this problem and the research of new therapeutic means. Among the actual antituberculars figure two compounds, PZA and PAS. Pyrazinamide is a first line drug, and its derivatives are subject of the research in the Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis. Structurally similar to 4-aminobenzoic acid, PAS is a second line antitubercular, which is again actual in the therapy of resistant form of TBC. This diploma thesis treats about possibilities of the use of compounds combining fragments of PZA and 4-aminobenzoic acid as potential antituberculars. Furthermore, this thesis evaluates the influence of PAS fragment in the derivatives prepared with this antimycobacterial purpose. The theoretical part describes the actual state of...
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Pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds
Martinková, Martina ; Zitko, Jan (advisor) ; Kučerová, Marta (referee)
Charles University, Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical analysis Candidate: Martina Čečetková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Zitko, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Pyrazinamide derivatives as potential antimicrobial compounds Even in 21st century, tuberculosis still remains a serious and global health threat. Tuberculosis is one of the 10 most common causes of death, the most burdened are developing countries, but this disease infects up to 1/3 of population worldwide. Due to ineffective treatment of tuberculosis in developing countries, the prevalence of tuberculosis which does not respond to standard treatment is increasing. It is necessary to develop new drugs effective against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and prevent further spread of the disease. The design of final structures is based on previously synthesized molecule 6- chloro-N-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide, which structure comes from first line antitubercular pyrazinamide (PZA) and 4-arylthiazol-2-amine scaffold with formerly identified antimycobacterial activity. This starting compound exhibits high activity against M. tuberculosis described by MIC = 0,78 µg/mL and low cytotoxicity. The object of study was to determine effect of substitution...
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