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Cvakavé zvuky při chůzi u turovitých (Bovidae)
ŠPINDLEROVÁ, Anežka
Several species of bovids and cervids produce knee-clicking sounds while walking, their origin and purpose remain unknown in detail. My thesis attemps to summarize all sources concerning this topic. In the second part I analyzed knee-clicks in two antelope species in order to compare particular species, sexes and individuals.
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Social preferences and interactions of common eland during parturition period
Staňková, Helena ; Komárková, Martina (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
Common elands (Taurotragus oryx) belong between the world's biggest antelopes. The basic social unit is created by several females with offspring, males are joining them only in the breeding period. There is a dominance hierarchy in a herd, which eliminates strong negative conflicts mainly between adult females. Except agonistic interactions, affiliative ones are taken place as well, which have positive impact on relationships in a herd. The aim of this work is t o summarize previous studies dealing with social structure and behaviour of common eland focusing on affiliative, maternal and agonistic interaction in a herd. Experimental part is focused on preferences of females for a choice of the closest companion, if the choice is influenced with age, kinship or maternal state of a female. Data were collected through direct observations of a herd of common elands on a farm Lány using 15 min scans of chosen females. Distances were measured between females and all the other herd members. Selected social behaviour of any two members of a herd was recorded using an all occurrence sampling method. The statistical analysis showed that the most (98,77 %) of interactions were negative, females preferred contactless agonistic interactions, threat and withdrawal. Allogrooming was more often found between a...
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Influence of common eland (Taurotragus oryx) meat composition on its further technological processing
Kolbábek, Petr ; Lukešová, Daniela (advisor)
This dissertation has been proposed as a part of long-time wide research conducted on farmed elands (Taurotragus oryx) at university farm at Lány. This thesis is planned to be closely connected with the study of influence of the nutrition and diet to the growth and meat composition and quality. Eland meat is traditionally considered as tasty and nutritionally valuable, but in fact the knowledge on the eland meat composition and technological processing potential is limited. The research will be focused on the analyses of physical and chemical properties of meat with emphasis on the influence of the diet and age of animals on the meat. Next part of the work will be to experimentally produce meat products (e.g. pâté, fermented salami) and evaluate theirs physical, chemical and organoleptic properties. The most of the analysis are planned in cooperation with Department of agriculture products quality on Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources.
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Feeding and related social behaviour during limited browse in a herd of captive elands (Taurotragus oryx) - expariment with tree like branch holder.
LIŠKOVÁ, Markéta
The thesis is focused on the analysis of feeding, comfort and social behavior in a herd of farmed eland (Taurotragus oryx) initiated by the presentation of browse to the tree stand. In 2008 and 2010 were obtained 15-hour video behavior gradually with three different adult males of elands at Czech University of Life Sciences farm at Lány. The aim of this work was to evaluate the accessibility of a limited food source (browse), the frequency of feeding behavior in relation to a rank in the herd, age and sex and find out if the stand can be also used as a enrichment to increase proportion of comfort behavior (scratching, grooming). Adult male in the herd has always been high ranking and no one attacked him, followed by females and juveniles. Access to a limited browse was influenced by the level of aggression of adult female towards the younger and lower ranking ones, these females attacked with the same frequency also the youngs. The dominant male attacked especially the dominant females. The length and frequency of all types of behavior were related to a sex of the individual, the rank and the presence of a calf. With higher rank individuals had longer access to a browse, display longer comfort behavior than lower ranking ones. We can conclude that both types of behavior performed more often males than females. Length and frequency of interactions with browse was supported during absence of calf in vicinity of stand.
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