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NKG2D and KIR Receptors and Their Role in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Machuldová, Alena ; Pitule, Pavel (advisor) ; Mrázek, František (referee) ; Vydra, Jan (referee)
NKG2D and KIR receptors and their role in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia ABSTRACT NK cells (from Natural Killer) play an important role in the fight against viral infections or cancer. These immune cells are also able to recognize cells without HLA (human leukocyte antigen) proteins and, unlike T cells, can eliminate cells that try to escape immune surveillance by internalizing these molecules. For example, leukaemia stem cells, which are thought to be responsible for leukaemia relapse, are able to do this. The activity of NK cells is controlled by inhibitory and activating receptors. Among the best studied are the KIR (killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) receptors, which can be both inhibitory and activating and whose ligands are primarily HLA molecules. The most prominent activating receptor is NKG2D (natural killer group 2-D), whose ligands are the stress-induced proteins MICA and MICB (MHC class I- related chain-A or -B) and ULBP (human cytomegalovirus Unique Long 16-binding protein). In the first part of this study, we aimed to describe whether the Czech population corresponds in allele frequency and polymorphisms of KIR and NKG2D receptors and MICA and MICB ligands to other populations of Caucasian origin. In both cases we observed the...
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