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Evaluation of erosion and runoff conditions in context with the agroforestry systems design
Vaňousová, Martina ; Skřivanová, Zuzana (referee) ; Sobotková, Veronika (advisor)
The diploma thesis generally deals with the emergence of water and wind erosion, its conseque-nces and the possibilities of how to prevent or limit erosion, with various anti-erosion measures. More specifically, it focuses on agroforestry systems (ALS), their origin, importance and appro-priate use in the landscape. To investigate the effects of ALS, an agricultural area near the village of Modřec was selected, on which ALS variants in various variations were designed using compu-ter programs. The main quantity investigated and compared was the average long-term soil loss by water erosion under different variants of the ALS design.
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Aleje a jejich role v zemědělské krajině - stav a perspektivy
Kučerová, Laura
The thesis deals with the issue of tree-lined alleys and rows of trees in agricultural landscapes, which were described in detail in the theoretical section. In the application part, a summary map of 210 potential alleys and 631 potential rows of trees was created in the terri-tory of the Olomouc District outside the built-up area of the city of Olomouc and the Libavá military training area, supplemented by a database of 10 alleys in the Olomouc region and a green passport of the city of Olomouc. The data from the map were evaluated based on the location of the elements in individual municipalities in terms of density, length, and number of elements. Field research was carried out in two locations. In the village of Drahanovice was mapped out total of 11vegetation elements and in the town of Velká Bystřice was mapped out total of 41 vegetation elements. Mapping was subsequently evaluated. New elements were proposed in these areas based on the current and historical landscape structure, focusing on soil blocks with an area of more than 30 ha and more than 10 ha in areas with strongly eroded soils.
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Porovnání množství vázaného uhlíku v nadzemní i podzemní biomase v různých typech využití půdy v okolí města Oxapampa, Peru
Chalupová, Karolína
The present work compares amount of sequestered carbon in different types of land use in the vicinity of Oxapampa in Peru. Research was conducted in the autumn of 2022 with focus on three main types of land use: coffee agroforestry plantations, montane tropical forests and silvopastoral systems. Data collection was carried out with Field-Map technology, where 47 study plots on 6 transects were compared. To estimate aboveground and belowground biomass allometric equations were used. The evaluation of soil carbon stocks was determined based on soil analysis using a Soli-TOC device (Elementar). The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the amount of carbon bound in the biomass of agroforestry coffee plantations and forest ecosystems. Soil carbon stocks were highest in forest stands in the upper soil layers. At lower depths (20–30 cm) the difference between the studied ecosystems was no longer registered. Average soil carbon values (%) for coffee agroforestry systems and particular depths were as follows: H (7,6 ± 3,8); 0–10 (5,1 ± 1,8); 10–20 (3,8 ± 0,8); 20–30 (3,4 ± 0,7). For study plots in forest ecosystems: H (34,2 ± 12,1); 0–10 (22,4 ± 14,7); 10–20 (9,5 ± 6,2); 20–30 (7,3 ± 5,8). Soil carbon stocks values for silvopasture systems were: H (12,1 ± 4,7); 0–10 (7,3 ± 3,3); 10–20 (5,3 ± 2,3); 20–30 (3,7 ± 2,1).
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Stav a návrh nových agrolesnických systémů v katastru obce Kuželov
Macek, Libor
The diploma thesis deals with the cadastre of the village of Kuželov from the point of view of the use of agroforestry systems. Agroforestry is dealt with in the context of a temperate climate zone, especially in European conditions. Experiences from the implementation of these systems as well as their advantages and limitations are described. The natural conditions and the history of the landscape, including predictions for future development, are assessed within the area under consideration. The use of the current agricultural landscape has been analysed in detail. The condition of the elements with permanent woody vegetation is assessed from the agroforestry perspective. A management plan is drawn up for these elements. New agroforestry systems are proposed as tools for sustainable management in the area of interest. Two areas suitable for the introduction of new agroforestry systems are discussed in detail. Detailed proposals for the areas concerned are drawn up, including the costs for future implementation.
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Zemědělská technika a mechanizace pro agrolesnictví
Makovský, Milan
The aim of the thesis is to analyse the newly prepared subsidy title Agroforestry. To propose the necessary techniques for the establishment and subsequent care of agroforestry systems. The chosen topic is addressed on the basis of the processed information from specialized literature sources that describe the requirements of this system. The developed solution provides the possibility of comprehensive establishment (planting) and maintenance of the system, thanks to the creation of procedures and machinery lines for the maintenance of all tree species covered by the agroforestry subsidy but also for tree species outside the scope of the subsidy measure. The main contribution of this work is to analyze the Agroforestry subsidy title and, thanks to the knowledge found, to offer those who will implement this measure in their agroecosystem the right set-up of the machine line so that they can meet all the criteria and requirements set and can achieve the fulfillment of the subsidy title. The paper further discusses the nature and importance of agroforestry systems, their impact on the ecosystem and their benefits. It also describes the types of agroforestry systems depending on the location and method of establishment. The thesis includes a description of the history of agroforestry in the Czech Republic.
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Vázání uhlíku ve stínících dřevinách na agrolesnických kávových plantážích v Nikaragui
Hrubešová, Karolína
The bachelor's thesis presents the results of calculating the amount of sequestered carbon in shading trees and coffee plants on three selected agroforestry coffee plantations in the department of Matagalpa, which are located at an altitude from 880 m above sea level to 1400 m above sea level. The territory of the selected plantations belongs to the ecosystem of tropical montane cloud forest. The highest stock of carbon in the above-ground and underground biomass of shading trees was at the Selva Negra plantation, located at an altitude of 880 – 1,300 m above sea level, it was 48,7 ± 1,5 Mg ha-1, in addition coffee plants was 2,5 ± 0,22 Mg ha-1. At the La Dalia plantation at an altitude of 950 – 1,050 m above sea level, the above-ground and underground carbon stock in shade trees was 33,36 ± 1,94 Mg ha-1 and 2,3 ± 0,5 Mg ha-1 in the coffee plant. The total carbon stock from aboveground and belowground biomass of shade trees at the La Esperanza plantation, at an altitude of 1,350 – 1,400 m above sea level, was 28,8 ± 2,6 Mg ha-1. In coffee plants, the total supply was 1,9 ± 0,02 Mg ha-1. Funding options were proposed from the information found. If the studied plantations were interested in fi-nancial gain from traded carbon, they could each individually be entitled to a one time contribution: USD 2,656.47 (La Eperanza), USD 4,430.34 (Selva Negra), USD 3,085.66 (La Dalia).
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Silvoorebné agrolesnické systémy - protierozní ochrana na svazích v RenoFarma Bílovec a.s.
Pšenko, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with the design of agroforestry systems on selected plots of agricultural enterprise RenoFarma Bílovec a.s. (Nový Jičín district). These plots are located in slopes that are at risk of erosion so it is risky to farm there for maximum profit. During the field investigation, the current condition of the agricultural land was determined and photo documentation was taken (DJI drone). Using the available data and map documents, the aim of the work is to design suitable silvoarable agroforestry systems together with strip cropping management in two variants, where the first one considers the use of a subsidy system and the second one does not. The common assumption of both variants is the best possible anti-erosion effect. As part of the results, there are also economic calculations, showing the issue in its connection with the current state agricultural policy.
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Možnosti využití travních porostů v rámci agrolesnictví
Macek, Libor
The bachelor's thesis deals with the use of grasslands with a focus on grasses and clover in agroforestry systems. The first part describes the agroforestry itself – its characteristics and significance. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on woody plants suitable for agroforestry systems, especially in the conditions of Central Europ, as well as on their production and non-production functions. The most suitable representatives are for example, walnut (Juglans), poplar (Populus), but also less economically used representatives, such as cherry (Prunus) or rowan (Sorbus). At the same time, agroforestry is divided into certain units, which are characterized by their functions, both in the tropics and in Europe. The most typical systems in Europe are mainly silvopastoral systems, but also increasingly used alley cropping on arable land. The second part describes various agroforestry systems using grasslands as well as practical examples of functioning systems in different climate zones. Attention is also paid to individual members of the family Poaceae and Fabaceae suitable for their characteristic properties in these systems. The most important for shading appear to be tolerant representatives such as Agrostis stolonifera L. or Festuca arundinacea Schreb. from the Poaceae family or Meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.) from the Fabaceae family. Possible interactions related to the coexistence of woody plants, grasses and clover, such as competition and allelopathy, are also not neglected.
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