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Molecular physiology of adenosine receptors
Eichlerová, Lenka ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Hejnová, Lucie (referee)
Adenosine mediates its physiological signaling functions through the interaction with four receptor subtypes. The adenosine receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and are named A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptors. Since they are widespread throughout the body, they are involved in many physiological processes and dysfunction of the adenosine system may have serious pathological consequences. Activity of adenosine receptors is inhibited by methylxanthines. Caffeine is a typical non-selective antagonist of the receptors, which is known to affect the sleep cycle. A great progress occurred in understanding the structure of adenosine receptors after the crystallographic model was solved for A2A receptor in complex with the antagonist ZM241385, which is referred to as super-caffeine. Understanding the receptor structure as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of their function and interactions represent a starting point to the development of new drugs, which are going to be highly efficient and selective for each adenosine receptor subtype.
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Adenosine signaling: the role in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration
Hrušovská, Kateřina ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Kolář, David (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe basic and the most important mechanisms of adenosine signaling, especially in the central nervous system, where the purine nucleoside adenosine plays important role like significant neuromodulator. Strong release of adenosine to extracellular space may occur under some pathological conditions. Adenosine works throught his four receptors, which have very diverse functions. Some effects are neuroprotective - these are predominantly mediated throught the inhibitory A1 receptor, which can reduce neurotoxicity, others may also induce neurodegeneration, mainly due to increased activation of A2A receptors. This signaling system can be diversely modulated, for example by inhibition of enzymes, which can provide adenosine formation or degradation, blocking its transporters, by agonists or adenosine antagonists, or by inhibition of second messengers and various protein kinases by which adenosine affects cellular processes. Interactions of adenosine receptors with other types of receptors in the brain are also important. Adenosine and adenosine receptors can participate in neurodegenerative processes. A detailed understanding of the specific effects of adenosine can bring great progress in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. At present, intensive...
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Molecular physiology of adenosine receptors
Eichlerová, Lenka ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Hejnová, Lucie (referee)
Adenosine mediates its physiological signaling functions through the interaction with four receptor subtypes. The adenosine receptors belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors and are named A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptors. Since they are widespread throughout the body, they are involved in many physiological processes and dysfunction of the adenosine system may have serious pathological consequences. Activity of adenosine receptors is inhibited by methylxanthines. Caffeine is a typical non-selective antagonist of the receptors, which is known to affect the sleep cycle. A great progress occurred in understanding the structure of adenosine receptors after the crystallographic model was solved for A2A receptor in complex with the antagonist ZM241385, which is referred to as super-caffeine. Understanding the receptor structure as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of their function and interactions represent a starting point to the development of new drugs, which are going to be highly efficient and selective for each adenosine receptor subtype.
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Effect of Extracellular Adenosine on \kur{Drosophila melanogaster} Cells
HOLÁ, Hana
The effects of extracellular adenosine on Drosophila melanogaster cell lines Cl.8+, Mbn-2, S2 were examined. The cells were grown in the complete medium and tested for growth rate with in presence or absence of adenosine, dipyridamole, uridine and deoxycoformycin. The S2 cells were tested for cAMP production in presence or absence of adenosine.
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The role of A2A adenosine receptor in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Kuldová, Markéta ; Svoboda, Jan ; Kovářů, H. ; Kovářů, F. ; Šplíchal, Igor ; Fišerová, Anna
Adenosine receptor, NK cell, immunity systém, cytotoxicity, Salmonella typhimurium, colorectal carcinoma, murine model, newborn pigs model
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