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Comparasing of Disability Pension in the Czech Republic and Germany
KUŽELOVÁ, Markéta
The bachelor thesis focuses on the comparison of disability pensions in the Czech Republic and Germany. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to comprehensively describe the details and differences between the disability pension systems in these countries. It is a theoretical work. Data concerning a specific social benefit, namely the disability pension, are summarized and analyzed. Disability is defined as the limitation or loss of the ability to work due to a long-term adverse health condition. The chapters in this thesis focus on topics related to disability. Disability is a part of human life; one never knows when he or she will be in a situation where he or she will need help, not only from family but also from the government. Support in the event of long-term ill health is one of the tasks of both pension systems, both in the Czech Republic and in Germany. The main part of the bachelor thesis is focused on the comparison of disability pensions. The comparison of invalidity pensions consists in comparing the conditions of entitlement to invalidity pensions, the amount of invalidity pensions, the assessment of invalidity pensions, and the application for invalidity pensions. As an additional comparative element, the paper presents the total number of pensions paid in the Czech Republic and Germany, the average age of disability pensions in selected years and the number of newly granted disability pensions. The last statistic on disability pensions compares some disability pensions in the Czech Republic and Germany. The bachelor thesis can be used as an informative material and to better orient the systems in these countries.
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Mapping of heritage trees in the selected locality
HLUBOCKÁ, Denisa
The main aim of this bechelor's thesis is to map and desctribe the memorial trees in my chosen locations in Tábor district, to measure them (if possible) and to evaluate tzhe state of health overal. It goes on to equate motives for the preservation of memorial trees in the past, and especially in the present. I divided the care itself into its meaning at work, and further into abiotic and biotic factors. Last but not least, there is a reference to the principles of care and the cost of it. I also focused on the promotion of protection of memorial trees by the state - subsidy pro-grams etc. The District of Tábor, which I chose for my bachelor thesis, is located in the northern part of the South Bohemia Region. The district is bordered by the districts of Písek, Jindřichův Hradec and České Budejovice. Next, Tábor district adjoins Benešov district and a little with Příbram district in the Central Bohemian region and Pelhřimov district in the Highlands. This Bachelor thesis contains a description of the memorial trees and their mapping.
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Výskyt a hodnocení zdravotního stavu hlavních edifikátorů lesních porostů v oblasti Přírodní lesní oblasti č.16 Českomoravská vrchovina
Krajíčková, Dominika
In 2021, the representation of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in the Czech Republic was 9.3 %, of maples 1.6 % and oaks 7.6 %. These values are slowly increasing, and the representation of European beech has increased by 3.3 % of the total area of arable land over the last five years (Zelená zpráva 2021). This work discusses the life manifestations of European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway maple (Acer platanoides), Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) and Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in selected small protected areas in the Natural Forest Area No. 16 of the Czech-Moravian Highlands. The aim of this work is to evaluate the life manifestations of the above-mentioned tree species. Three small protected areas were selected, of which two localities are located in the 5th forest vegetation tier and one partially in the 5th and 4th forest vegetation tier, and endometrial measurements were performed here. The result was a comparison of the obtained data between individual sets of forest types and individual tree species on the set of forest types 5J. The diameter of the trunk and the height of the beech crown deployment were lower at 5K. The Norway maple reached smaller thicknesses at 5J compared to the other trees, on the contrary, the Sycamore maple and Pedunculate oak reached greater heights.
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Preferences for markers of health status in humans
Jíchová, Františka ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Fiala, Vojtěch (referee)
Several evolutionary hypotheses suggest that different organisms have evolved systematic preferences for markers of mate health. These markers may provide clues to an individual's immunocompetence, current health status, and health history. Correct recognition of good health helps to select a quality partner who can offer advantages such as good genetic qualities that can be passed on to offspring, can participate more effectively in the care of offspring, and thus does not put the individual at risk of infection. Awareness of these markers may be important not only in mate choice but also in other social interactions in which it is important mainly to correctly estimate current health and possibly avoid interaction with an infectious individual. Preference for markers of health in humans may be based, for example, on visual cues in the face, such as color, sexual dimorphism, skin texture, or an assessment of overall stature. Markers may also be olfactory, where an unattractive odor may indicate the presence of a potential disease. Last but not least, there are acoustic markers. However, the interaction of the manifestations of each modality may also be important. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to provide a theoretical overview of the association of current health, immunocompetence and health...
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Olfaction-mediated behavioural defence mechanisms in humans
Schwambergová, Dagmar ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Croy, Ilona (referee) ; Polák, Jakub (referee)
This thesis consists of two parts. The first part introduces the importance of behavioural defence mechanisms, specifically the behavioural immune system and mainly in humans. I review current knowledge regarding behavioural defence mediated by odour cues. Although behavioural defence mechanisms are important for all individuals who live in social groups, I focus on mate choice, because that is the context in which olfaction-mediated behavioural defence is studied the most. Subsequently, the importance of olfaction is demonstrated using the example of self-inspection and I discuss how the behavioural immune system may be intertwined with this relatively understudied behaviour. Finally, last chapter deals with associations between olfaction and other modalities that play a role in the detection of cues which help select a healthy and immunocompetent partner. In the second part of the thesis, I present nine papers: three reviews and six empirical studies. The review papers summarise the functioning of the behavioural immune system, olfaction- mediated pathogen avoidance in mammals, and the merely weak association between attractiveness ratings based on different modalities. The first empirical paper investigates whether the threat caused by the Covid-19 pandemic led to increased perceived disgust,...
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Optimization of real-time PCR method for quantification of human mtDNA in clinical samples
LOSKOT, Martin
This bachelor thesis dealing with measuring mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and how is it important to pathological conditions. Mitochondria are one of the cell organelles in eukaryotic cells. They are important to energy metabolism, aging process, and apoptosis. In current studies mitochondrial dysfunctions cause mitochondrial diseases and common illnesses, for example cardiovascular diseases, brain pathology or cancer. Studies show, that copy number of mtDNA correlates with state of health and aging process. Copy number of mtDNA is often measured by ratio of mtDNA to nuclear DNA. Measuring mtDNA of peripheral blood is appropriate indicators for mitochondrial functions because decreased copy number of mtDNA correlates with decreased function of mitochondria. We don't know, how copy number of mtDNA influence on illnesses, because it doesn't still clarify. However, studies show, that copy number of mtDNA can be biomarker of control of state of health, when we take real time measurement. In the practical part of this bachelor thesis describe preparation of samples from buccal swabs and from peripheral blood. It also describes method of measuring mtDNA by real-time PCR. There is calculation of copy number of mtDNA and evaluation of our results too. As part of the measurement optimization are described differences between two methods for diagnostic of relative copy number of mtDNA.
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Využití termografie v chovu koní
KOZLOVÁ, Eliška
The use of infrared thermography in horses is on the rise, mainly because of its noncontact and high sensitivity to temperature changes. Due to these characteristics, it is used in a number of sectors, such as equestrian sports, physiotherapy, reproduction and equine veterinary medicine itself. The aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of the current scientific and practical knowledge concerning the use of thermography in equine breeding. In the next part, the aim was the actual observation in the operating conditions of the stable and the subsequent verification of the methodology of the use of thermography in horse breeding. The complexity of the implementation, the quality of the outputs and the possibility of use in breeding practice were evaluated. Thermographic measurements were carried out on a family farm using a Flir E5- XT thermal imager. Thermograms of the distal parts of the limbs were taken in 8 horses, the individuals ranged in age from 4 to 29 years. The thermographic images were evaluated qualitatively. The temperature difference between symmetrical limb regions was compared and the results were related to the horses' health records. If there was a difference in temperature between collateral limbs greater than 2 °C, this difference was considered a signal of a health problem. The thermal imaging confirmed the hind limb advance in the gelding Santys, here the temperature difference between the hind limbs was 4 °C. Furthermore, thermography showed high tendon temperatures (42.3 °C) in the mare Sunnamy, who was diagnosed with chronic tendon disease of the forelegs. In Libia, the areas of elevated temperature suggested the effects of treatment with leeches. However, in the Hipster gelding, the 2.9 °C difference in foreleg tendon temperature was probably due to incorrect thermographic measurement methodology. Specifically, it involved brushing the forelegs just prior to the examination. The average temperature of the hoof crown was found to be 31 +- 1,6 °C in the animals examined. The use of thermography is very useful in horse breeding, but it is important to take into account environmental factors, information about the health of the horse and the technical parameters of the thermal imager. Equally important is the training of the person taking the measurements and the subsequent evaluation of the thermograms.
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Provedení detailního fytopatologického průzkumu a návrhy pro zlepšení stavu dřevin v Zoo Brno
Helánová, Sylva
The bachelor's thesis deals with the evaluation of the condition of woody plants, their vitality, health status, stability, operational safety and perspective. Furthermore, by proposing interventions to optimize their condition according to the methodology of the Nature and Landscape Protection Agency of the Czech Republic. A total of 200 trees were evaluated at the site - 11 small-leaved lindens (Tilia cordata Mill.), 11 hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and 178 white oaks (Quercus petrea Liebl.). A field survey was carried out on these trees from March 2021 to March 2022. The results show that the trees on the site are not in good condition, their vitality and health are reduced. The presence of wood-destroying fungi such as Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull. Murrill) and Agrilus biguttatus (Fabricius, 1776) has also been discovered.
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Zhodnocení provozní bezpečnosti a výskytu defektů u stromů vybraných lokalit města Dvůr Králové nad Labem
Kult, Martin
This bachelor's thesis concerns the evaluation of operational safety and state of health of the trees at the chosen localities in the city Dvůr Králové nad Labem. The dendrometric characteristics, state of health, physiological age and operational safety of evaluated trees were assessed. Besides the standard parameters of assessment, also the typical defects and damages of every tree were registered with evaluation of their frequency and location at the tree. The result of the thesis consists in charts and diagrams with the taken down and compared values of state of health and operational safety. The record and frequency of the typical defects and damages is presented at their catalogue.
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Dendrologické hodnocení biomasy v biokoridoru Vracov
Procházka, Martin
This thesis is dealing with dendrological assessment of biomass in biocorridor Vracov. This thesis contains data from the period 2013 - 2015. The data was measured on permanent research plots, and later the data was compared with the previous data. The target of this thesis was the detection of the growth the trees and shrubs on agricultural soil. This thesis includes the measurements of circumference and heights dimensions. The number of trees and shrubs was counted on all permanent research plots and health conditions were determined. Graphs, tables and pictures are components of this thesis.
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