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Analysis of approaches to emergency zones determining
Kusova, Yana ; Tabas, Marek (referee) ; Kotek, Luboš (advisor)
The current thesis aims to analyze the approaches to the definition of emergency zones in Russia and the Czech Republic. The main goal is to conduct a literature search on this issue and describe different approaches to emergency zones. The practical part includes an assessment of the definition of emergency zones in the case of hazardous chemicals leakage, which is most often the cause of industrial accidents.
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The readiness of chosen kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant
HÁJKOVÁ, Lucie
The thesis is based on the assessment of the readiness of staff in selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. Kindergartens associate a large number of young children who are dependent on the help of adults. Even in the event of a radiation accident, children will not be able to take care of themselves and will clearly be dependent on the help of teachers. For this reason the readiness of staff of this type of school facility in the emergency planning zone should not be underestimated. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the knowledge of staff in selected kindergartens (Dříteň, Zliv, Albrechtice nad Vltavou, Neznašov) in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. For this purpose was established a hypothesis: "The knowledge of the staff of selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant will be higher than 60 %." To achieve the set goal and to verify the hypothesis a questionnaire survey was conducted using a developed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 19 questions, and total 55 respondents took part in the questionnaire. Then were the results evaluated using methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. The hypothesis was confirmed that the knowledge of the staff of selected kindergartens is higher than 60 %. The arithmetic average of staff knowledge in selected kindergartens in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant was 61.47 %. I consider the current state of knowledge of staff in selected kindergartens to be sufficient, but the results showed insufficient knowledge in the areas of improvised body protection and iodine prophylaxis.
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Strategy of population reallocation after radioactive accident in the Czech Republic, problematics of evacuation, basis, intention, resources, responsibilities
BINKOVÁ, Kristýna
This thesis deals with the issue of evacuation and relocation of the population after a radiation accident in the Czech Republic and it also puts a name to key issues that may occur for a citizen living in the emergency zone. The dissertation is divided into two parts, first of which is theoretical and second is practical. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is fractionated into several chapters and subchapters. Thesis deals with actual legislation of radiation protection and nuclear safety. Nuclear power plants located in the Czech Republic are also presented here. Furthermore, this section explains the basic terms such as radiation extraordinary mishap, radiation incident and phases of radiation accident which helps perceive the matter of the topic. The theoretical part mentions radiation incidents and accidents that occurred in the world. The thesis describes course of actions for managing radiation emergencies. It also explicates terms such as emergency planning, internal and external emergency plan and national radiation emergency plan. Thesis gives insight into the radiation accidents from the past. The theoretical part also concerns about the Dukovany nuclear power plant. And it analyzes what is the emergency planning zone, emergency plans, emergency staff and the most important procedures during a radiation accident. Warning and informing the population together with evacuation and possible additional relocation are explained. The part of this work are also experiences that we gained from the radiation accident at nuclear power plant in Fukushima. In the practical part, research was done with use of questionnaire method. The questionnaire was created for residents living in the vicinity to emergency planning zone of Dukovany nuclear power plant. The goal was to find out what key questions and problems may arise during the evacuation of those citizens. The survey was elaborated into graphs and collected pieces of information were interpreted and closely described in the discussion.
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Evacuation of the population in the event of an emergency associated with leakage of dangerous chemicals in the territory of the selected city
WINTEROVÁ, Sabina
The bachelor thesis entitled "Evacuation of the population in the event of emergencies associated with leakage of dangerous chemicals in the territory of the selected city" is composed of theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part acquaints readers with the basic concepts, with the concept of evacuation, means of individual and improvised protection or applicable legislation related to the topic. An integral part of the theoretical part is a brief introduction of the city of Sokolov, which is located chemical plant Synthomer a.s., which is the subject of this work. You will also find a list of chemicals that work here. In the empirical part, you will find research that aimed to find out whether residents are familiar with the company's external emergency plan.
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Modeling and Prediction of Radiation Emergency Impacts on the Nuclear Facility Surroundings
KNOSOVÁ, Marie
The thesis is focused on the modeling and prediction of Radiation Emergency Impacts on the Nuclear Facility Surroundings with a usage of a software program ESTE EU, designed to detect and to evaluate the prognosis of the leakage of radioactive substances into the surrounding of the Nuclear Facility in case of an exceptional radiation situation. Furthermore, in the theoretical part, basic radiation protection units, main international radiation protection and safety organizations, options for monitoring of the radiation situation, from a rightful legislation derived terms regarding the exceptional radiation situation, a crisis management during an accident involving radiation, safety measures in a disaster planning zone and a description of the software program ESTE EU, are discussed. In the practical part it is dealt with the modeling and prediction created with an assistance of the ESTE EU software, the evaluation of the prognosis of the exceptional radiation situation, a suggestion of an urgent population safety measures, which are in accordance with the legislation and meteorological conditions - especially the velocity of the wind and the sum of precipitation on radiation exposure of representative person. The main goal of the thesis was to learn how to use the software program ESTE EU, create two modelation of exceptional radiation situations, compare those situations and propose urgent safety measures. The thesis provides information and summary of this area issues to subjects with an access to the software program and/or to those, who will use software's outputs to decide whether to accept some measures or procedures.
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Úkoly a činnosti Zdravotnické záchranné služby Jihočeského kraje při evakuaci osob ze zóny havarijního plánování Jaderné elektrárny Temelín
KADEŘÁBEK, Petr
The thesis describes Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region as the provider of pre-hospital urgent care in the zone of emergency planning of Nuclear Power Plant Temelín. In case radiation emergency arises, its main urgent target is to save as many affected people as possible and to limit the effects on their physical disabilities. Medical intervention by the Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region crews is provided to people with serious health problems or in immediate life danger who participate in rescue and emergency work directly in the epicentre of the radiation emergency of Nuclear Power Plant Temelín. It also provides pre-hospital urgent care to the inhabitants who have already been evacuated right in the zone of emergency planning, on the evacuation routes, on the decontamination points and based on the emergency call also in the receiving centre or emergency accommodation points. The main aim of the thesis is to identify and clarify basic principles of tasks completion and workload of outgoing Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region crews in case of an emergency event occurrence - the radiation emergency at Nuclear Power Plant Temelín. The theoretical part describes the status of the Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region within the Integrated Rescue System in the case of radiation emergency. Attention is also paid to material and technical equipment aimed at personal protection during the intervention in the contaminated environment. Content analysis of key executive documentation and legal regulations research have been made in this part whose synthesis leads to a comprehensive professional text predicting the procedure of urgent medical intervention made by the medical rescue service in the zone of emergency planning. The practical part includes the network analysis of transportation availability of individual decontamination points by the medical rescue service vehicles. Based on the findings, the index of alert has been calculated that reflects the quality and availability of pre-hospital urgent care to the evacuated inhabitants in the decontamination point as the key point of evacuation from the zone of emergency planning. The results proved readiness of the Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region in the decontamination points to tasks completion and workload of medical provision of evacuation from the zone of emergency planning of Nuclear Power Plant Temelín. The thesis has become a concentrated overview as well as operating material for the paramedics working at Medical Rescue Service of South Bohemia Region who could deal with the uneasy task of intervention in the zone of emergency planning of Nuclear Power Plant Temelín. It also reflects the need of preparing a unitary documentation describing the procedure in radiation emergency.
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Measures of Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region by an occurrence of a radiological emergency in the Temelín Nuclear Power Station
HRNEČEK, Martin
The aim of this diploma thesis is to clarify fundamental principles of activities of police officers of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region in the case of radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. These principles are concentrated in compact documentation with practical tasks for respective organizational segments of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region. This documentation will be consequently used as a methodical guide for concerned police officers. Fundamental terms are defined in the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, concerning and usable in the course of measures in the case of solving radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. The analysis of legal standards and technical bibliography is also performed in this part. The External Emergency Plan of the Temelín Nuclear power station is presented in detail, and a comparison of the previous and current atomic law is drawn. Last chapter of this part is devoted to the actual documentation of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region to manage the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. Necessary number of legal regulations, agreements and internal acts of management concerning the current topic was used for elaboration of this thesis. Information and findings of employees from the Department of Emergency Management of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region are also included. The practical part of the diploma thesis is devoted to the concentration of all materials and previous findings of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region in the case of measures for radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station into individual chapters. Each of these chapters presents particular activities of police officers of the Regional Directorate of the Police of the South Bohemian Region during performation of tasks in connection with managing the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. When listing particular tasks and processes, some of activities of other subjects participating together with members of the Police of the Czech Republic in measures concerning the radiological emergency are also mentioned in this part. The result of this thesis is a focused overview and operative material for police officers of the Police of the Czech Republic, usable for making them acquainted with questions of managing the radiological emergency at the Temelín Nuclear power station. It also serves as a background for regular practices and training courses on this subject.
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The principles of family readiness for evacuation from EPZ of nuclear power plant
MENČÍKOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis examines the level of knowledge of families living in the emergency plan-ning zone of Nuclear power plant Temelín. It focuses mainly on the knowledge of eva-cuation baggage contents, evacuation routes, organs that organize this measure and other important information, which are found in particular in the Manual for the pro-tection of population in the radiation accident of the Nuclear power plant Temelín. The theoretical part is based on the analysis of current problematics. The first part is focused on the principle of the operation of the nuclear power plant and its security, which is emphasized. Further it deals with the topic of radiological emergency and consequently the effect of ionizing radiation on the organism. The next chapter is devoted to the issue of issue of protective measures that could be announced during the radiation accident of the nuclear power plant. In the last section of the theoretical part, the work focuses on the topic of emergency plans, as these are necessary to establish rules that would require the authorities and residents to follow if necessary. In connection with these topics, the legal framework dealing with the issue is mentioned. The practical part verifies the level of awareness of families living in the emergency planning zone of a nuclear power plant on how to proceed with the evacuation. For this purpose, a quantitative questionnaire survey was used and a hypothesis was established claiming that at least 50% of the respondents did not have sufficient knowledge of how to proceed during the evacuation from EPZ of nuclear power plant. The methodology for statistical processing was set out. After evaluating the obtained data, the answers to individual questions were compiled graphically. Furthermore, the thesis deals in detail with individual questions. The established hypothesis is confirmed by evaluating the results using descriptive statistics methods. In the discussion, the questions that have been identified and the findings are discussed. Furthermore, there are suggested ways to improve population awareness of the issue,
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Means and Decontamination of People and Technique in Area of Emergency Planning
NIMANSKÝ, Jiří
There are two nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic for which measures to protect the population are proposed in the case of a radiation accident. This diploma thesis deals with one of them by decontamination of persons and techniques in the emergency planning zone. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses mainly on knowledge and concepts in the field of ionizing radiation, radiation protection and emergency planning. The main objective was to analyze, compare and evaluate the existing and newly introduced decontamination means of persons and equipment of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic and the Army of the Czech Republic. For this purpose, eight decontamination devices have been selected for use in a radiation accident. One of the partial objectives is also to compare the decontamination methods and procedures of both components. The quantitative processing of the parameters studied was used to compare, and a multi-criteria decision-making method was used to obtain the results, using the scoring method. In order to obtain data and information, searches of available publications, methodological sheets and instructions for decontamination equipment were carried out. All information has been consulted with chemical experts from the Fire Brigade of the Czech Republic and chemical units of the Army of the Czech Republic. The results of the comparison showed that the decontamination facilities of the members of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic are more suitable for use in the radiation accident. Their main advantages are a more effective solution for wound decontamination and a system for capturing and collecting contaminated water. However, the Army of the Czech Republic would be able to do the same work after the partial modifications. The decontamination equipment for solving the radiation accident is constantly being refined. An example is the Portable Frame Gamma Detector. This allows you to speed up the decontamination process and saves the forces and resources deployed to deal with an emergency.
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Emergency housing catlee in the emergency planning zone of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant.
VACÍK, Slavomír Ladislav
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of emergency housing of cattle in the emergency planning zone of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. 20 farmers, each keeping at least 50 bovine animals, were selected in the area of interest. The cattle were chosen as the reference species of livestock because it was the largest category of livestock kept in the stable and pasture. The research was carried out in the form of a structured questionnaire, which was sent to the individual respondents after this was agreed by phone. It should answer the question whether the emergency housing of cattle in the emergency planning zone of Temelín Nuclear Power Station is sufficiently secured. The results show that emergency housing is not the priority of farmers, because only 55% of the respondents sent back completed questionnaires. Most of them, i.e. 64%, bred cattle in stable and grazing, 27% in stable only and 9% were exclusively grazing. In addition to grazing, preserved fodder (silage, haylage, hay) are mainly used for feeding and water from underground sources and from a water supply network for watering where all these sources can be protected against radioactive fallout. It was also found that electricity was used for watering. Upon its failure, except for two cases, no emergency power supply were available. Electric fences around the pastures were not equipped with emergency power supply, except for two respondents. Alarm Plan of Veterinary Measures (within the frame of Temelín Nuclear Power Plant's external emergency plan) requires feeding and watering for 3 days during the absence of the cattlemen. This requirement cannot be fulfilled due to the limited capacity of mangers in the stables. The results of the research show that it is not possible to carry out the hermetization of buildings according to the requirement of the above mentioned plan because they cannot be sealed with respect to their open construction. These results can be used to modify the alarm plan of veterinary measures, which should further be provided to the agricultural public.
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