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Texturní vlastnosti drůbežího masa a výrobků
Radomská, Silvie
Texture is taken as a complex of properties that can be divided into mechanical, geometrical and surface. Among the mechanical properties include hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, elasticity, viscosity and brittleness, chewiness and gumminess. The group of geometric properties include attributes relating to size and shape. Among the surface properties include juiciness. Textural properties of poultry meat and meat products are affected by factors such as species, breed, sex, age, method and level of nutrition, health, stress or post-mortem effects. They are also textural properties affected by the chemical composition and structure of meat. Evaluation of textural properties may be using sensory and instrumental methods. Sensory evaluation methods nowadays serves as a supplement to instrumental methods. Instrumental methods can be divided into basic, empirical and imitation. Empirical methods incorporate shearing test using a Warner-Bratzler and Meullenet-Owens razor blade, a compression test using a Kramer cell and penetration tests. Imitating methods are represented by texture profile analysis.
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Změny texturních vlastností hovězího masa v průběhu zrání
Hermanová, Nikola
This diploma thesis is focused on textural properties of beef meat during aging. Round and sirloin from three heifers of Czech Fleckvieh breed were used for the experiment. Samples were analyzed by Warner-Bratzler test, compression test and penetration test in 4th, 6th, 7th and 8th week of aging. Results of Warner-Bratzler test ranged from 54,72 – 59,96 N and there was not found statistically significant difference. Results from compression test TPA1 were in range 187,75 – 277,05 N and TPA2 results were in range 153,74 – 225,55 N and there was found statistically highly significant difference in most cases. Penetration test results of beef round were in range 5,58 – 6,18 N and there was not found statistically significant difference. Penetration test results of beef sirloin were in range 6,39 – 9,49 N and the difference was not statistically significant in most cases.
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Fyzikální vlastnosti ovlivňující jakost rybího masa a produktů z ryb
Bytešníková, Zuzana
This thesis is based on physical properties of fish meat and fish products. Texture of fish meat is considered as one of the most perceived character. Major influence on the textural properties of fish meat has chemical composition of fish meat and fish meat structure. Fish products are changed during production by influence of low temperature during frozen storage and influence of high temperature during cooking. Changes in the textural properties of fish muscle caused during the autolytic process after slaughtering. The aim of the thesis was compared different methods for measurement textural properties of fish and fish products. Surimi sticks and pre-fried fish sticks were tested. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Tench (Tinca tinca) were chosen for testing by penetration test (penetration of the probe into the sample) and Warner-Bratzler shear test (sample cutting by Warner-Bratzler shear).
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