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The Modern Money Creation Process: The Case of Collateral Crunch
Kroulíková, Šárka ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Gapko, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the role of the wholesale funding in the modern credit intermediation process and to estimate the possible impact of pro- posed regulation of the wholesale funding on lending activity of a bank or its risk profile. Throughout the analysis we used data set of 132-1167 banks from the European Union (number of banks depends on the hypotheses tested) during the period 2006-2012. We found that the banks that are more exposed to the whole- sale funding are able to increase their lending relatively more in comparison to the less exposed banks; this advantage is wiped out during the times of liquidity or collateral crunch. Results of defined simultaneous equation model suggest that stricter eligibility criteria, higher margins and introduction of 100% threshold for the Net Stable Funding Ratio will significantly decrease the wholesale funding ra- tio and thus limit the supply of loans. We consider those results alarming since the majority of European enterprises is financed by the financial intermediaries, not on the capital market and therefore additional limitation of the wholesale funding activities could negatively influence the overall economic activity within the Euro- pean Union. We discovered that the commercial banks tent to transfer the costs of the wholesale...
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The Modern Money Creation Process: The Case of Collateral Crunch
Kroulíková, Šárka ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Gapko, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to investigate the role of the wholesale funding in the modern credit intermediation process and to estimate the possible impact of pro- posed regulation of the wholesale funding on lending activity of a bank or its risk profile. Throughout the analysis we used data set of 132-1167 banks from the European Union (number of banks depends on the hypotheses tested) during the period 2006-2012. We found that the banks that are more exposed to the whole- sale funding are able to increase their lending relatively more in comparison to the less exposed banks; this advantage is wiped out during the times of liquidity or collateral crunch. Results of defined simultaneous equation model suggest that stricter eligibility criteria, higher margins and introduction of 100% threshold for the Net Stable Funding Ratio will significantly decrease the wholesale funding ra- tio and thus limit the supply of loans. We consider those results alarming since the majority of European enterprises is financed by the financial intermediaries, not on the capital market and therefore additional limitation of the wholesale funding activities could negatively influence the overall economic activity within the Euro- pean Union. We discovered that the commercial banks tent to transfer the costs of the wholesale...
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Indebtedness of households-causes, impacts, comparison
Suchánková, Martina ; Jílek, Josef (advisor) ; Rybáček, Václav (referee)
The thesis will deal with reasons that lead to households becoming in debt on one hand, and on the other hand, the impacts that are caused by this process. Households are the biggest economic subject that create savings. They are also the second biggest debtor of the financial sector. From this point of view, there is an important role for the banks and financial institutions that offer households many kinds of credit products. The role of the central bank and its monetary policy and supervision are also important. In the theoretical part of the thesis some approaches of various economists will be described and monetary policy and defined economic subjects will be explained . In the second part of the thesis, ways that can run people into debt and the evolution of interest rates will be analysed. Focus will be also put on innovation that has arisen in financial markets, that have made credit expansion possible, mainly securitisation. After that an analysis of negative and positive macroeconomic impacts will follow, which are brought on by excessive financing of consumption and housing. The thesis will finish with a comparison of the households' debt in the Czech Republic and in other developed countries.
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