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Metaphors and New Dictionaries of Contemporary Czech Poetry
STANĚK, Libor
The presented dissertation will focus, through neo-pragmatic and post-analytic interpretation, on the discussed discourse of current domestic lyric poetry which is delimited by the period from the revolutionary year of 1989 to the present day. Based on this theoretical background, which will be primarily explained in the methodological part, we will perceive the mentioned literary territory as a certain playing field with specifically defined rules. The work will try to find within the scope of these rules a certain type of successful metaphors (for example "environmental lyric poetry", "conceptual writing", "millennial poetry") and vocabularies connected to them including the speech strategies initiating the new notion apparatus of current Czech poetry. The concept of metaphor will be treated in this work according to the theory of Donald Davidson who comes with an opinion that metaphor does not have any particular cognitive content but it is merely a language game requiring rather an appreciation than clarification. In connection to this theory, the study will try to evaluate the pragmatic approach of Richard Rorty, particularly his ideas about the randomness of language. These ideas will also be an important method on which basis we will examine the presented poetic material. The main merit of this dissertation is five case studies from the already mentioned time period which by means of theoretical postulates mentioned above focus on the interpretation of our delimited poetic field in which we will try to talk about successful metaphors generating new productive vocabularies maintaining the flow of speech on the topic of current Czech poetry.
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Metaphor in work of Vladimír Holan
DVOŘÁK, Martin
This doctoral thesis focuses on metaphors and their usage in literature. On basis of different theoretical approaches, the thesis describes the substitution theory of metaphor, specifically Aristotle's concept presented in his treatises Poetics and Rhetoric, then interaction theory of metaphor, initiated by Ivor Armstrong Richards and developed by Max Black. The concept of cognitive content of metaphors will be particularly analysed. The methodology section of this thesis will then focus on Donald Davidson's essay "What Metaphors Mean", John Searle's theory of speech acts and Richard Rorty's model of contingency of language. The thesis is complemented by three case studies theoretically based on methodology described in previous chapters. The studies analyse the metaphors in poetry of czech poet Vladimír Holan. They are surveying Holan's figurative language in his books from late 20s to late 40s of the 20th century, one of the studies focuses on speech initiations produced by Holan's lyric poetry, which he wrote in 30s, those initiations are tracked in contemporary reviews.
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The Theory of Metaphor within Ressearches in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Procházková, Theresa ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the theory of metaphor in selected pieces of research that focus on autism spectrum disorders. Patients with autism spectrum disorders show weakened ability to communicate and they have trouble understanding everyday social interactions as they are not able to identify with thoughts and feelings of others. They also have trouble understanding metaphors, irony, hyperbolical speech, etc. In their book Metaphors we live by Lakoff and Johnson claim that our language and our thinking are based on metaphors, i.e. on abstraction. The hypothesis is that various pieces of research focusing on how people on the autism spectrum understand metaphors draw on different definitions of metaphor and different approaches to it. The theory of metaphor that is presented in Lakoff's and Johnson's work should be able to provide theoretical framework for coherent understanding of a metaphor. It should also have the potential to point out the differences between particular pieces of research and possible shortages within them.
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The Theory of Metaphor within Ressearches in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Procházková, Theresa ; Ivan, Michal (advisor) ; Gvoždiak, Vít (referee)
The thesis deals with the theory of metaphor in selected pieces of research that focus on autism spectrum disorders. Patients with autism spectrum disorders show weakened ability to communicate and they have trouble understanding everyday social interactions as they are not able to identify with thoughts and feelings of others. They also have trouble understanding metaphors, irony, hyperbolical speech, etc. In their book Metaphors we live by Lakoff and Johnson claim that our language and our thinking are based on metaphors, i.e. on abstraction. The hypothesis is that various pieces of research focusing on how people on the autism spectrum understand metaphors draw on different definitions of metaphor and different approaches to it. The theory of metaphor that is presented in Lakoff's and Johnson's work should be able to provide theoretical framework for coherent understanding of a metaphor. It should also have the potential to point out the differences between particular pieces of research and possible shortages within them.
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