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Free-ranging herbivores as a dispersal vector for species in abandoned landscape
Lepková, Barbora ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Karlík, Petr (referee)
Endozoochory is an important part of plant-animal relationship. In model area of the Doupov Mountains large herbivore mammals, such as red deer, sika deer and wild boar, act as effective seed dispersers. Out of 282 dung samples 29 719 seedlings of 91 species emerged. The most common species was Urtica dioica (80 % of all seedlings). The amount of seeds in dung as well as species composition were highly dependent on dispersing animal, both showed strong seasonality and differences between two studied localities. Frequency of species in dung did not correspond to their frequency in vegetation suggesting strong preferences of herbivores as predators. However more research is needed to test this hypothesis. Given very high time demands for samples processing beforehand the emergence experiment, the influence of concentration by washing through on seedling emergence and species composition was tested. According to preliminary results more seedlings and species emerge from concentrated samples. However, concentration has no effect on emergence of U. dioica as the most common species. Concentration of samples by running water is recommended for faster emergence in greenhouse conditions. Preliminary results also suggest that the approximation of number of seedlings/species on weight of dry mass is not...
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Analýza reprodukčního potenciálu dospělých samic prasete divokého
Podlipná, Jiřina
Diploma Thesis focuses on adult wild boar females and analysis of their reproductive potential based on data obtained on drives during main reproduction period (August to January) at 30 areas of interest throughout the Czech Republic in years 2014–2017. Average value detection of Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) out of gravid female wild boars 0,0097 and out of all samples 0,0071. Rut period based on the age of fetuses is from October to January and expected dates of birth are determined by shifting the length of pregnancy towards the rut period with a peak in March. The litter size has just low correlation with the weight and very low with the age, average litter size in adult wild boar females is 6,1 youngsters for hoggets and 6,3 youngsters for wild sows. Average embryonic mortality reaches 13 %. The total sex ratio of piglets is 1:1,08 (M:F), the sex ratio of piglets for hoggets is 1:1,13 and for wild sows 1:1. The resulting finding of this analysis is, that there is no significant difference between the average litter size of hoggets and wild sows, so it is recommended to regulate the number of adult wild boar females year-round irrespective of age of the individuals.
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Analýza struktury a prognóza vývoje populace prasete divokého v ČR
Krátký, Matouš
The topic of this thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part deals with the population of the wild boar in the Czech Republic aiming to analyse its structure and predict its development. It was necessary to carry out various calculations according to Kolář (2014) methods to produce this work. The second part of the thesis deals with the issue of age estimation of hunted wild boar with a focus to Mitchell's methods and its practical use. For purposes of this work these methods were applied to statistically representative sample of wild boar's lower jaws, while using a new ways of visualisation of the dental cement layers.
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Free-ranging herbivores as a dispersal vector for species in abandoned landscape
Lepková, Barbora ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Karlík, Petr (referee)
Endozoochory is an important part of plant-animal relationship. In model area of the Doupov Mountains large herbivore mammals, such as red deer, sika deer and wild boar, act as effective seed dispersers. Out of 282 dung samples 29 719 seedlings of 91 species emerged. The most common species was Urtica dioica (80 % of all seedlings). The amount of seeds in dung as well as species composition were highly dependent on dispersing animal, both showed strong seasonality and differences between two studied localities. Frequency of species in dung did not correspond to their frequency in vegetation suggesting strong preferences of herbivores as predators. However more research is needed to test this hypothesis. Given very high time demands for samples processing beforehand the emergence experiment, the influence of concentration by washing through on seedling emergence and species composition was tested. According to preliminary results more seedlings and species emerge from concentrated samples. However, concentration has no effect on emergence of U. dioica as the most common species. Concentration of samples by running water is recommended for faster emergence in greenhouse conditions. Preliminary results also suggest that the approximation of number of seedlings/species on weight of dry mass is not...
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Effect of wild boar on dry grasslands
Horčičková, Eva ; Vojta, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hejcmanová, Pavla (referee)
The study was focused on disturbances by wild boar (Sus scrofa) and their impact on vegetation of semi-dry grasslands (Festuco-Brometea) dominated by Brachypodium pinnatum. The research was conducted in military area Hradiště in hilly region of the Doupovské hory. Wild boar rooting activities is main source of disturbances regime in this abandoned, previously agricultural area. The vegetation of artificial small scale soil disturbances was compared to undisturbed control plots and vegetation of natural disturbances by wild boar. Experimental plots were established during the summer 2007. Consequently a vegetation survey of these plots was carried out and soil was mechanically disturbed. Succession on disturbances was annually monitored. The surrounding natural disturbances were also mapped three times a year as a potential source of diaspores and to assess their frequency and effect on the landscape level. The list of species in the 2m, 4m and 16m distance from the experimental plot was also made. Results: Disturbances by wild boar increased species diversity and spatial heterogeneity of semi-dry grasslands. There were some species found on experimental plot, which were present not in the surrounding matrix. Most of them belong to hemicryptophytes and species with long-term persistent diaspores. Presence of...
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Trapping systems on wild boar - techniques and utilization
Hradilová, Adéla ; Ježek, Miloš (advisor) ; Mrkvičková Kořanová, Diana (referee)
This thesis addresses the first part of a literature review on the types of traps for wild boars and the possibility of running them. Also in this section is also included Czech legislation related to the topic of trapping wild boars.
The second part is more catching device is placed in a hunting Blazice - Sovadina, which is currently undergoing a wild boar. The cage will evaluate the success of the capture. Catching devices have been installed in various parts of the hunting grounds. Predominantly located in agricultural crops. Evaluation will be well used in baits.
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