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Transport of drugs in humic hydrogels
Shalabodova, Kseniia ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Presented bachelor’s thesis focuses on the study of diffusion of drug in humic hydrogels. The aim of the work was to appraise the effect of the presence of the humic substances in the transport capacity of the diffusing compound. The main idea of experimental part was to compare the drug’s transport in samples of humic acid gels with the transport in agarose hydrogels samples. For this study diffusion couple method was used which was based on monitoring the development of diffusion profiles of drug in gels with the passage of time. As a diffusing medium sulfapyridine belonging to sulfonamide antibiotics class was used.
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Interactions of pharmaceuticals with humic acids
Libiger, Jan ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on interaction of drugs with humic substances, which are part of organic soil matter. The results would help in understanding the behavior of drugs in soil and other natural systems. Three drugs were selected. Humic acid was selected as a sorbent, which was extracted from lignin, the lower one is assumed to be the same as that in organic soil. Based on a comparison of the measurement results using the UV-VIS method, it was determined how much the acid of the given drug is able to absorb and how much it is released back into the water. The theoretical part deals with the information about soil organic matter, with the information about humic substances, with the information about drugs such as ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazol or sulfapyridine. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with methods of analysis.
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Transport of pharmaceuticals in soil systems
Janebová, Denisa ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Drugs have a negative effect on nature. If they do not degrade in wastewater treatment plants, they can contaminate lakes, rivers and even drinking water. However, the soil contains soil organic matter, which has chelating properties and can prevent the migration of the drug. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map the transport of the selected drug in the soil column and try to determine its diffusivity. Sulfapyridine was chosen for transport. Sulfapyridine belongs to a group of sulfonamide antibiotics that are often detected in the environment. It is mainly used in veterinary medicine to treat various infections. The partial goal was to describe the basic properties of the soil depending on the depth of the soil layer. The drug concentration profile in the soil column was determined by UVVIS spectrometry in soil extracts. The following reagents were used for leaching: distilled water, as a pure solvent without the presence of other substances, tap water as a model reagent replacing the soil solution and magnesium chloride solution, which is used for soil extracts of freely moving and ionically bound substances in the soil.
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Transport of phamaceuticals in reactive hydrogels
Kotradyová, Viktória ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on a problem associated with diffusion processes of antibiotics in agarose hydrogels enriched with humic acids. The soil model system simulates the transport of these pollutants and demonstrates the ability of the humic acids to bind and retain these substances, thereby preventing their subsequent contamination at unintentional places. The theoretical section encompasses an overview of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in soil and water systems; it also provides information about their behaviour, effects, degradation, and potential outcomes in nature. It further clarifies basic knowledge of soil components, in particular humic acids. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the diffusion processes is explicated. Within the experimental part, the diffusion of the sulfomethoxazole and sulfapyridine in two types of agarose hydrogels was examined. Firstly, the pure agarose hydrogel was used and secondly, the addition of the active agent in the form of humic acids was performed. The method of diffusion from continuous source was utilized, followed by measuring through UV-VIS spectrometry for 21 days. The study aimed to compare the results and to establish the diffusion coefficients of the pharmaceuticals in both types of hydrogels.
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Modeling migration of pharmaceuticals
Osipenko, Ivan ; Závodská, Petra (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the problem of the possibility of sulfapyridine diffusion in soil systems. The main objective of this thesis is to propose a simple mathematical model to calculate and explain the possibility of drug migration in soil systems using the example of diffusion in agar gel in the presence of humic substances as the main component of organic matter in soil. In the present bachelor thesis, simulations of sulfapyridine diffusion in porous media, influenced by chemical side reactions of different series, were carried out. For these calculations COMSOL Multiphysics software and the corresponding packages "Chemistry" and "Transport of diluted species in porous media" were used, allowing simulations of real processes. The modelling results showed that the addition of reactive components to the hydrogel have an effect on the migration of sulfapyridine due to the interactions taking place during the diffusion. Reactions of different orders, including back reactions, were added successively to the simulations in inert media. The results obtained showed that the probable sum interaction mechanism has less influence on migration than the interaction of other mechanisms.
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Interactions of pharmaceuticals with fulvic acids – calorimetric study
Papko, Nadezhda ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na studium interakcí mezi půdní organickou hmotou a vybranými léky pomocí izotermické titrační kalorimetrie. V rámci experimentu byly použity tři fulvinové kyseliny a léky: ibuprofen, diclofenac a sulfapyridine. Vybrané léky a fulvinové kyseliny byly rozpouštěné v roztocích NaCl a MgCl2, jelikož kovové ionty jsou přítomny v organickém materiálu půdy. Mobilita léčiv závisí na sorpci, což je interakce mezi léčivy a půdními částicemi. Faktory ovlivňující sorpční chování zahrnují vlastnosti léčiv, půdy a enviromentální podmínky. Během bakalářské práce podražilo optimalizovat metodu ITC pro daný studiu, což usnadnilo experimentální práce a zlepšilo vyhodnocení dat. Pomocí metody byli stanovené tepelné efekty (naměřené a porovnané) interakcí mezi fulvinovými kyselinami a léky.
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Transport of phamaceuticals in reactive hydrogels
Kotradyová, Viktória ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on a problem associated with diffusion processes of antibiotics in agarose hydrogels enriched with humic acids. The soil model system simulates the transport of these pollutants and demonstrates the ability of the humic acids to bind and retain these substances, thereby preventing their subsequent contamination at unintentional places. The theoretical section encompasses an overview of the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in soil and water systems; it also provides information about their behaviour, effects, degradation, and potential outcomes in nature. It further clarifies basic knowledge of soil components, in particular humic acids. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the diffusion processes is explicated. Within the experimental part, the diffusion of the sulfomethoxazole and sulfapyridine in two types of agarose hydrogels was examined. Firstly, the pure agarose hydrogel was used and secondly, the addition of the active agent in the form of humic acids was performed. The method of diffusion from continuous source was utilized, followed by measuring through UV-VIS spectrometry for 21 days. The study aimed to compare the results and to establish the diffusion coefficients of the pharmaceuticals in both types of hydrogels.
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Transport of pharmaceuticals in soil systems
Janebová, Denisa ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Drugs have a negative effect on nature. If they do not degrade in wastewater treatment plants, they can contaminate lakes, rivers and even drinking water. However, the soil contains soil organic matter, which has chelating properties and can prevent the migration of the drug. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to map the transport of the selected drug in the soil column and try to determine its diffusivity. Sulfapyridine was chosen for transport. Sulfapyridine belongs to a group of sulfonamide antibiotics that are often detected in the environment. It is mainly used in veterinary medicine to treat various infections. The partial goal was to describe the basic properties of the soil depending on the depth of the soil layer. The drug concentration profile in the soil column was determined by UVVIS spectrometry in soil extracts. The following reagents were used for leaching: distilled water, as a pure solvent without the presence of other substances, tap water as a model reagent replacing the soil solution and magnesium chloride solution, which is used for soil extracts of freely moving and ionically bound substances in the soil.
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Transport of drugs in humic hydrogels
Shalabodova, Kseniia ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
Presented bachelor’s thesis focuses on the study of diffusion of drug in humic hydrogels. The aim of the work was to appraise the effect of the presence of the humic substances in the transport capacity of the diffusing compound. The main idea of experimental part was to compare the drug’s transport in samples of humic acid gels with the transport in agarose hydrogels samples. For this study diffusion couple method was used which was based on monitoring the development of diffusion profiles of drug in gels with the passage of time. As a diffusing medium sulfapyridine belonging to sulfonamide antibiotics class was used.
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Interactions of pharmaceuticals with humic acids
Libiger, Jan ; Enev, Vojtěch (referee) ; Klučáková, Martina (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on interaction of drugs with humic substances, which are part of organic soil matter. The results would help in understanding the behavior of drugs in soil and other natural systems. Three drugs were selected. Humic acid was selected as a sorbent, which was extracted from lignin, the lower one is assumed to be the same as that in organic soil. Based on a comparison of the measurement results using the UV-VIS method, it was determined how much the acid of the given drug is able to absorb and how much it is released back into the water. The theoretical part deals with the information about soil organic matter, with the information about humic substances, with the information about drugs such as ibuprofen, sulfamethoxazol or sulfapyridine. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with methods of analysis.
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