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Justice, Punishment and Guilt from View of Youthful
ERLOVÁ, Pavla
My bachelor thesis is focused on adolescents staying in the educational institute in Hostouň and attending the center of the probation and mediation service in Domažlice. The theoretical part in general describes the view on theology and penology to justice, punishment and guilt. Thereinafter, this thesis involves organizations dealing with juveniles who commit an offence and lists the most common offenses committed by juveniles. There are two research questions in the practical part (1st question: How do Czech adolescents understand conceptions of justice, punishment and guilt?, 2nd question: Why does the understanding of the concepts of justice, punishment and guilt of today´s Czech adolescents differ from the theological-penological definition?) A qualitative research was carried out with 10 adolescents. Answers to the initial research question suggest that, from the penological aspekt, adolescents mostly understand these penological concepts. To the second research question, it should be noted that the most adolescents come from divorced, incomplete or {\clqq}broken`` families. Relationships are impaired by family upbringing, young people cannot find an example of good behaviour in such families. They cannot acknowledge their parents who don´t love them, so they cannot find trust in them and therefore they find shelter at their peers and friends mostly dealing with the same problems.
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Underage Supervision
BOČANOVÁ, Jana
This work focuses on supervision of minors within the bounds of Probation and Mediation Service and the Department of Social-legal Protection of Children. The Theoretical part deals with supervision of minors on the basis of Educational Measures under the Act No. 218/2003 as well as the supervision, which is regulated by the Family Law Act. This part also comments briefly on children criminality; its causes, motivation and structure. The Practical part, which applies methods of case reports, study of company records and my own observation, deals with the comparison of the supervisions mentioned above. Although, in its essence, both supervisions agree with each other, there are still certain differences. These facts are also introduced in this part.
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Probation and Mediation Service as an Important Factor of Juvenile Delinquent Resocialisation
KRŠÍKOVÁ, Hana
Juvenile delinquency has become a common problem concerning all of us. Crime comitted by young people has risen in our society so there is a need to pay attention to the juvenile behaviour and try to prevent juvenile crime at the beginning. The teoretical part the Bachelor theses deals with presumed causes of juvenile delinquency, its prevention and sentencing in juvenile court. The practical part is focused on one of the discipline measures, the probation programme. The thesis is aimed at the evaluation of the probation programme called "Law in Everyday Life" which is used for recidivists. Together with the evaluation of the programme in some chosen regions, the work is particularly aimed at legal awareness and its improvement. Hypothesis 1 presumes that most of those who went throuhg the probation programme mentioned above have improved their legal awareness. Hypothesis 2 presumes that most of those who went through the probation programme mentioned above do mot commit any other crime in the next year. Tho prove the hypotheses, a quantitative research method, secondary data analysis, was used. All collected and proportionally processed data proved the hypotheses. The research findings show that the clients who completed the probation programme have gained new knowledge of particular legal issues and that most clients have not commited any other crime. The findings of the thesis can serve the workers of the Probation and Mediation Service to measure efficiency of the discipline measures, judges and state attorneys to choose the best measures and non-professionals to improve awareness of alternative sentencing programmes for children and youth.
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Criminal activity of the juvenile offenders
ZBORNÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
The theoretical part of my thesis focuses on explaining the concepts, including definition of responsibilities, and on development of work with offenders from retributive to restorative justice. It deals with the characteristics of youth crime, in particular by biological factors, age, gender, family and education. The practical part of my thesis utilises the methods of quantitative and qualitative combined research. The techniques included semi-standardised interviews completed with a non-aligned observation and secondary and content analysis of data from the files. The research sample consisted of clients of the Probation and Mediation Service in České Budějovice, who committed a criminal act in teen age. The research mostly focused on theft, quiet, whole and functional family background and students of the Secondary Technology and Automobile School in České Budějovice. The research has shown that young offenders are happy not to be in prison, and that they do not have sufficient legal awareness. All the set objectives have been achieved. Two of initial three hypotheses were confirmed, one was not. Hypotheses specified on the basis of research are: 1.) the most frequent motive of juvenile offenders to commit a criminal act is a sudden ?straying?, 2.) students of the Secondary Technology and Automobile School in České Budějovice, Skuherského Street 3, are the most common perpetrators of criminal acts in the district of České Budějovice, 3.) actively cooperating clients of the Probation and Mediation Service in České Budějovice are the most likely that the court would conditionally stop their prosecutions, and 4.) adolescents have low legal awareness. The thesis can be utilised for processing in professional magazines and publications or for the needs of further research, bachelor, diploma and other scientific works. Another possible use I see for the needs of practical application within the prevention of crime and for teaching purposes.
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Comunnity Service Odere in South Bohemia Region
ŠTĚCHOVÁ, Michaela
This work deal with the Community service order, its enactment given by the law no. 140/1961 Sb. (Criminal code) and 141/1961 Sb. (Code of criminal procedure) and by the changes concerning this punishment under the rule of law no. 40/2009 Sb. (Criminal code) with validity from 1.1.2010. Furthermore, the work deal with role of Probation and mediation service in verification of Community service orders with regard to routine in Southern Bohemia. In the end of the work are used a statistical data concerning the number of Community service orders in Sothern Bohemia in the years 2001-2009.
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The work of Probation and Mediation Service with a group of people on parole and under police supervision
PRIMAKOVÁ, Martina
The present bachalor{\crq}s thesis titled The work of Probation and Mediation Service with a group of people on parole and under police supervision deals in detail with the activities of the said institution in the Czech Republic. Long-term sentence have no positive results, therefore alternatives are being sought, alternatives that would replace traditional forms of criminals´ punishments. A large contribution has been seen in activities carried out by the staff of Probation and Mediation service. Thanks to it, many of those condemned are allowed to accept another/alternative form of punishment apart from imprisonment. Theoretical part of the thesis gives an account of the activities performend by Probation and Mediation Service in the Czech Republic, it describes its origins, organizational structure, principles, objectives, and function. The thesis also dwells on some projects the Service is participating on and which are essential for reintegration of the people released from prison. The research part of the thesis presents a quantitative survey that employed a method of questioning using the technique of semi-standardized (semi-conducted) interview, and a method of content analysis using the technique of secondary data analysis. The surveyed group contained the total of 15 clients of Probation and Mediation Service in České Budějovice. The aim of this work was to find out whether the people released on perole have a chance to come back to their original family bacgrounds, if they can find jobs and shelters, the impact of the punishment on the family as a whole, the amount of information they have, and the positive and negative aspects they saw in being sentenced and sent to prison. The findings of the survey are as follows: If the prisoners released from prison heve a functional family background even befor they started their imprisonment, they are welcome to come back even after having been released from prison. Upon their release, they tend to find some dwelling and proper job. The least negative impact has been detected in connection with relations between parents and children, noticeably negative impact has been observed in connection with relationships between partners. The amount of economical information provided for people released from prison is insufficient. The positive aspects of imprisonment include lessons the prisoners learn from their mistakes, and tendency to emphasize family relations. The negative aspects of imprisonment include mainly damaged family relations, the loss of a close person, the feeling of life loos, and stigmatization.
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Lay Public awareness of the Probation and Mediation Service
HUPÁKOVÁ, Markéta
Together with the reform of the criminal justice it was necessary to form a complex system of activities concerning the realization and effective usage of the introduced system of alternative punishments and deviations in criminal proceedings. On the basis of this requirement the institution of the Probation and Mediation Service (PMS) of the Czech Republic was established in 2001. The mission of the PMS is to create conditions for alternative punishments use in the course of the criminal proceedings and to ensure the effective execution of alternative punishments. For this purpose this service carries out the probation and mediation and participates in settlement of disputes between the accused and accusers and makes efforts to appease conflict situations and to restore the respect for rules of law. The integral part of the PMS mission is prevention and reducing the risk of the recurrence of criminal activity. The objective of the thesis is to examine the real public awareness of the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic, to give account of the lay public attitudes to the institution of alternative punishments. The thesis also studies opinions of alternative punishments in professionals who cooperate with the Probation and Mediation Service. Before the research the following hypotheses were stated: H I: The awareness of the lay public of the Probation and Mediation Service is low. Partial H I: The lay public gets information mostly through the television broadcasting. H II: The cooperation of professionals with the Probation and Mediation Service influences the attitude to alternative punishments, which become more acceptable to be imposed. To verify the hypotheses the quantitative research, the questionnaire method was used. I made up standardised questionnaires with a series of 15 questions. The first research set was composed of the lay public. 100 persons aged 20 {--} 60 years were chosen at random. The other research set comprised staff members of subjects cooperating with the Probation and Mediation Service of the Police of the Czech Republic, of local and municipal authorities, of the Employment Office, of the prison system. 50 persons were addressed on the whole. The results show that the H I as well as the partial H I, relating to the awareness of the lay public of the Probation and Mediation Service, were confirmed. The hypothesis II, focused on attitudes of professionals cooperating with the PMS to alternative punishments, was rejected.
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The status of probation and mediation services in re-socialisation of romany delinquents.
NOVÁKOVÁ LOJDOVÁ, Leona
The subject of this Bachelor essay is the role of CR probation and mediation service in re-socialisation of gipsy delinquents. The text outlines history and presence of gipsy population in the Czech Republic, their segmentation and life style. Attention has been paid to activities of Sdružení pro probaci a mediaci v justici, o. s. (Association for Probation and Mediation in Justice). In addition it includes information on the mission, objectives and principles of probation and mediation activities. In addition there is a list of principles and areas of activities. The objective of this work is to map the role of probation and mediation service in re-socialisation of gipsy delinquents, including partial objective which is to identify if increased success of re-socialisation is affected by improved work of probation staff and involvement of professional and laic public. The practical section of this work applies a quantitative research in the form of secondary analysis of statistic data and a questionnaire.
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The attitude of the expert and the lay public towards institut of alternative punishments.
TURKOVÁ, Petra
Globally, the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries has been a period of major reforms in criminal law which are connected with the effort to find new methods to deal with crime and to replace or at least complement some inflexible procedures in administration of criminal cases. More and more attention is being paid to alternative proceedings before the court and alternative punishments in criminal cases. The Czech Republic has not fallen behind in the developments. My work seeks to map the options of alternative punishments, with a focus on community service. My work also deals with the legal framework for punishments in form of community service in selected countries. I will also mention the institute of Probation and Mediation Service. The work also points to the prepared amendment to the Criminal Code in connection with community service punishments. The research in my work is divided into two parts. The first part is a quantitative survey of opinions of the general public and the other part is a qualitative survey of opinions of professionals, such as judges, policemen and officers of the Probation and Mediation Service. The main objective of the work is to learn about the general public attitudes to and awareness of application and implementation of alternative punishments. I tried to find out which punishments would be preferred by the general public. Another objective of this work has been to survey opinions of professionals in respect to application and implementation of alternative punishments. In the first survey three of my hypotheses have been confirmed and two have been disconfirmed. Based on results of the secod part of the survey I have devised three hypotheses. The results of my work have shown that although the general public has a certain level of awareness of the issue, the knowledge is very superficial. The general public has demonstrated a significant degree of tolerance and benevolence to persons with alternative punishments. Professionals mostly approve the existing legal framework for the alternative punishments. They find the definition of these punishments in the Criminal Code adequate and they believe that alternative punishments have been used sufficiently. The work will serve as a general overview of the issue.
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