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Nursing Perioperative Care in the Cardiac Surgery Department
VÍTKOVÁ, Aneta
The incidence of civilisation diseases is rising not only in the Czech Republic but also worldwide. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases is widely represented in the population. To ensure proper and continuous development in the field of cardiac surgery, seamless interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary, which includes also perioperative nurses. The aim of this thesis is to identify the specifics of nursing care provided by perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and to determine whether these nurses are motivated in the area of lifelong education. The empirical part consisted of both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Nurses were deliberately selected from three different healthcare facilities. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, processed using the "pen and paper" method, and categorized. For the quantitative research was used a non-standardized questionnaire which consisted of 18 questions and was distributed among perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operation theatres throughout the Czech Republic. Distribution was also carried out through NCO NZO (National Centre of Nursing and Non-medical Healthcare fields) and the Faculty of Health Studies in Pardubice. A total of 62 respondents participated in the questionnaire survey. The resulting data was processed using MS Excel and the Realstatistics add-on, with the help of graphs, contingency tables, and statistical calculations. The results of the qualitative research allowed us to map the activities performed by perioperative nurses in the role of a scrub or circulating nurse in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Perioperative nurses carry out a wide range of tasks which include care before, during and after the surgery. Communication and proper functioning of the entire surgical team are also essential. By carefully preparing for the procedure, complying with all duties and fulfilling good workplace relationships, they can provide the best possible care to patients. The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that there is no correlation between years of experience and the motivation of perioperative nurses in cardiac surgery departments for lifelong education, or between the highest level of education attained and their motivation for lifelong education. Despite this, the research had positive results. We found that all perioperative nurses in our research sample are sufficiently motivated for lifelong education. This thesis and its results can be valuable by newly employed perioperative nurses. They can learn basic information about the work of perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and about opportunities for specialization or lifelong education. The section of lifelong education may also be supportive for all other nursing fields.
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Potential health and hygiene risks of staff work in the orthopedic operating room
SVOBODOVÁ, Viera
Work in operating theatres is very demanding. The specifics of operating theatre operations imply a number of potential risks to which operating theatre staff are exposed. The aim of the Bachelor's thesis was first to briefly describe the possible risks, to find out the opinion of general nurses on the occurrence of selected risks in the orthopaedic operating room and then to compare the level of concern in relation to age. In order to achieve the stated aim, we developed a questionnaire based on the theoretical part of the thesis and conducted a survey among general nurses working in the orthopaedic ward. A total of 110 questionnaires were completed by perioperative and anaesthetic nurses. The results were then evaluated including statistical processing. Three hypotheses were set in relation to the objectives. For all three hypotheses, we hypothesized that the perception of the difficulty of the work and the level of risk apprehension in the orthopedic ward would be related to age. The results obtained can be briefly summarized as follows: in the perception of the individual respondents of risks and stressful situations, in relation to the age of the respondents, the dependence on age was demonstrated in only one category. Only in the evaluation of the question on the observance of meal breaks, a link with age was demonstrated. Thus, only in this single category did the level of negative perception decrease with increasing age. The result of the research showed that the older the OR staff is, the less stressful this particular situation is for them. The negative perception of the physical stress associated with the work increases with age. Similarly, the questionnaires confirmed a higher perception of the psychological demands of working in the operating theatre in relation to age. Furthermore, there was evidence of a high prevalence of health and psychological problems that staff associated with working in an orthopaedic operating theatre. Accurate knowledge of the perception of health and hygiene risks and stressors by operating room staff can provide useful information when trying to improve working conditions in a targeted manner.
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The role of the perioperative nurse in the multidisciplinary team
VOTOČKOVÁ, Nikola
Working in the operating room is challenging and high demands are placed on all members of the operating team, both in terms of professional qualifications and personalities. An integral part of the team is a perioperative nurse who, as a member, plays an irreplaceable role in the team and, together with other team members, strives to achieve a common goal. This bachelor thesis describes the work of a perioperative nurse in a multidisciplinary team in the operating room. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part is divided into several areas. The thesis begins with the characteristics of the individual periods of perioperative care and describes the role of the perioperative nurse in each of these periods. Furthermore, this thesis describes the operating room environment and the preparation of the operating group. It informs about qualification and specialization education that is needed to perform the profession of perioperative nurse. The theoretical part concludes with an area that deals with the composition of a multidisciplinary team and communication between its members. The empirical part of this thesis consists of a research investigation. The aim of this work was to determine the role of perioperative nurse in multidisciplinary team. Three research questions have been set to achieve the goal: 1. What are the perioperative nurses' competencies? 2. What are the training opportunities for perioperative nurses? 3. What is the role of a perioperative nurse in a multidisciplinary team? The research was carried out by a qualitative method. Research data were obtained in the form of semi-structured interviews with ten perioperative nurses working in the operating room. The interview contained thirteen pre-prepared questions and other questions were supplemented according to the situation during the interview. The questions were divided into three areas. The first area of questions concerned identification data and education of perioperative nurses, the second area of questions was concerned with activities performed by perioperative nurses in the operating room and the third area focused on interpersonal relationships and team communication. All data obtained was analyzed and divided into categories and subcategories. The research suggests that the main job of the perioperative nurse depends on whether the nurse currently holds the role of an assistant nurse of the so-called orbiting nurse. Both of these roles are specific, especially during the surgery, and work closely together during the surgery. In order for a nurse to become a perioperative nurse and be able to work without supervision, a specialized course is required. These results indicate that nurses are interested in continuing their education in order to perform the work of a perioperative nurse. Patients are at the forefront of the operations team, and although friendly and warm relationships are not always present among the members during surgery, most members respect each other. Survey results can help students and nurses interested in perioperative care. The planned outcome of this work is the publication of the results obtained in a professional periodical.
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Management organ harvesting in terms of perioperative nurses transplantcentra
EIGNEROVÁ, Anna
Transplant medicine has been developing fast, bringing about also development of nursing care in this field. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the experience of perioperative nurses with organ procurement at the IKEM Transplant Centre and to obtain information on the procurement of different organs, organ storage, the organisation of perioperative nurses' work and on how the nurses perceive their work. This thesis applied a qualitative method, using semi-structured interviews divided into several parts, and the results were subsequently categorized. Meister's questionnaire was used to assess the mental workload of perioperative nurses. A total of 8 perioperative nurses working in full-time positions at the IKEM Transplant Centre and 8 perioperative nurses working in surgery units, all of them chosen by non-probability sampling, participated in the survey. Perioperative nurses perceive differences in the procurement of different organs from cadaver donors and know the possible modification of the procedure. What matters to them is the organ that is procured - kidney procurement or multiple organ procurement in cooperation with multiple surgeon teams, split-liver or reduction-liver transplantation or the donor's age. The nurses emphasize that their job requires responsibility, is demanding and causes stress. More experienced nurses participate in organ procurement in donor hospitals, bearing their own responsibility, but at the same time working in a well-functioning transplant team that includes also the coordinator and procurement surgeon. These nurses work on-call and are responsible for organising the work in the surgery room. They know that their job is demanding and are proud of where they work; however, they very often point out the stressfulness of their work. They know it is necessary to take time to relax and regenerate. Transplant centre perioperative nurses can be assessed as the second category of Meister's questionnaire, while perioperative nurses in surgery units as Meister's first category. This thesis may be used as study material and was used for a presentation at a medical conference.
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Centralization of operating rooms from the perspective of nurses
DRAŽANOVÁ, Monika
The aim of the work: The aim of this thesis is to provide detailed information about organization and operation of today's operating rooms from nurse´s point of view. Operational treatment requires high demands on technical and material equipment, special staff training, perfect adherence to asepse, antisepsis, sterility as well as work organization. The thesis should also introduce the most urgent problems of the current situation of the operating rooms management. The most recent discoveries and proven methods are summarized in a simple and comprehensible form that will serve as a guide for perioperative nurses. Method: Qualitative research methods in the form of a semi-structured interview have been used. This thesis will use the qualitative survey method in the form of a semistructured interview along with snowball sampling. The research consists of respondents with finished specialization in instrumentation for the operating room who are still active in the given field. Current status: The organization and operation room management consists of two functional models. These are so called "sideline sterilization" versus central operating rooms. Both ways have their advantages and disadvantages related to workload, general nursing education, and operating rooms management. However, the least preferred option is a combination of both perioperative operations. Results: The results of the research focused on the centralization and operating rooms management show that "sideline sterilization" is considered an obsolete model of tool sterilization for operating rooms. The results also show that the model of central operating rooms with the combination of central sterilization is more modern and efficient both in terms of expenses and effort, not just for nurses but for all healthcare professionals. Conclusion: In accordance with the aim of this work the issue of centralization of operating rooms is pointed out, considering both the construction with the necessity to follow all known procedures in compliance with aseptic conditions, as well as the need of good management or nurse education. The results can be used for further research and as a further source of information for non-medical fields, mainly perioperative care.
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The development of perioperative nursing education from past to present
Černá, Miluše ; Mellanová, Alena (advisor) ; Škochová, Dagmar (referee)
The aim of my thesis is to map the development of education suture nurses / perioperative nurses in the Czech Republic. I focused mainly on the development of formal education from the early provision of specialist training in the Czech Republic to the present. Further I mention the decrees and laws relating to the conditions for instituting specializing suture nurses education. The work also includes mapping and comparison of published literature for general surgical nurses. In the theoretical part of the training course walk from the fifties to the present, deal with the various books and mention the changes that occur during development. In the practical part of my thesis I use a form of qualitative research. I focus on structured interviews conducted with a pre-prepared questions in the questionnaire. Using them I find individuality studies in various educational centers and a map of the pros and cons during and after studying the individual interviewed graduates specialized study. Keywords Nurse / perioperative nurse, study, education
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Physical and psychological stress of perioperative nurses on the orthopedic operating theater
ZEMČÍKOVÁ, Hana
The topic of this bachelor thesis is "The physical and psychological burden of perioperative nurses in the orthopedic operating theatre". A perioperative nurse is currently characterized as a highly specialized expert who has to educate herself constantly and learn new operational procedures in her department. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to find possible levels of the burden put on perioperative nurses in the orthopedic theatre and to map the physical and psychological manifestations of the burden carried by the perioperative nurses in this theatre. The following research questions have been determined: What manifestations of physical and mental stress appear in perioperative nurses after the standard performance? What manifestations of physical and psychological stress appear in perioperative nurses after the revision performance? What techniques do perioperative nurses use to relieve stress? What stimuli before and during operations can increase burden manifestations. For the empirical part, a qualitative approach was chosen. Semi-structured interviewing, observation and selected methods were chosen for determining the physical and psychological burden. The conversations were subsequently overwritten by direct transcript. The research group consisted of perioperative nurses in the orthopedic surgery theatre. The research revealed an increased physical burden in all respondents and very interesting results from the subjective assessment of psychological stress. These results will serve not only the novice nurses to facilitate the work of the perioperative nurse, but also to prevent possible physical and psychological stress.
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The workload of nurses in perioperative care
POLÁKOVÁ, Ivana
The basic theoretical background: It is known that the profession of nurses is very physically and mentally challenging. Otherwise, it is not even for nurses in the operating room. The work of nurses in operating rooms is highly specialized and demanding profession that requires specific skills and knowledge primarily because the operating rooms is very specific and puts high demands on the technical and material equipment, flawless organization work and to perfect the principles of antisepsis and asepsis. It's about challenging, diverse activities, including the preparation of operating material, devices, apparatus, instruments and sterilization. The correct execution of all these activities, the profession ranks between occupation with time pressure, physical stress and irregular rhythm of life and professions, in which psychological and physical depletion of reserves means not only a danger to themselves, but also the health of the patient. The objectives of the work: To meet the main intent of the work were established two objectives. The first goal is to find out what type of workload for nurses in perioperative care predominates. The second goal is to compare the differences of the workload for novice and long - term working nurses in perioperative care. Hypothesis: Depending on the set objectives have been identified four hypotheses. H1: the incidence of psychological burden for nurses in perioperative care predominates over the occurrence of physical exertion. H2: for nurses working less than three years in perioperative care is the presence of psychic load higher than for senior sisters. H3: for nurses working for more than three years in perioperative care is the presence of physical load higher than the sisters with less length of practice. H4: the workload of nurses in perioperative care does not differ from the standard, based on the Meister´s method of assessing workload. Methodology: Research method of quantitative inquiry of research using the techniques of a standardised questionnaire, supplemented by their own questions. The questionnaire was completely anonymous and respondents ' participation in the research was voluntary. Were used two standardized questionnaires. The first questionnaire was elected from Maister, which assesses the impact of work on the psyche of the individual. The second questionnaire was used as a working activity from Baecky, which is used to measure physical activity. The target group were the nurses working in the perioperative care. In total, were interviewed across nine hospitals of the Czech Republic. All selected Hospital have agreed to perform the research investigation to this thesis. The results obtained were statistically processed. Conclusion: The work provides information about what type of workload predominate for nurses in perioperative care and about the differences of the workload for starting and working nurses in perioperative care. The results of the thesis can be used by medical facilities to identify the workload for nurses in perioperative care and by the perioperative nurses. From the above results, it is clear that the issue of mental and physical loads primarily nurses in the operating room is a very current topic, and it is important to deal with manifestations of this load. In addition to this thesis was created, information material on the prevention of the workload and the methods of its elimination.
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Barrier nursing care for surgical operating theaters
BOŠKOVÁ, Marie
This work is focused on the principles and implementation of barrier nursing care in operating theaters. The theoretical part describes the principles of hygienic and aseptic principles during perioperative care, as well as the organization and coordination of work in the operating rooms, legislation, management, quality monitoring of perioperative care, a single barrier methods, in which there may be the most common errors made by nurses. In the second, empirical part of the work the compliance with the principles of hygiene regime for surgical operating theaters with perioperative nurses to determine their knowledge of the principles of barrier nursing care, and look for the most common causes of violations was verified. For the research portion the following objectives were provided: 1st to identify the knowledge and awareness of perioperative nurses in the principles of barrier nursing care in operating rooms 2nd at the selected sites to verify compliance with the principles of barrier nursing by perioperative nurses 3rd identifying potential problems in the principles of barrier nursing care from the perspective of perioperative nurses What conditions medical facilities are making for perioperative nurses to the principles of barrier nursing care and what is the impact of sociological data of individual nurses, especially the length of practice, qualifying and specialized education of errors in the observance of hygienic mode, we examined using qualitative research using participant, covert observation and semi-standardized interviews with nurses, which also formed the research group for covert observation. Using interviews we learned from individual nurses, how they perceive using of the principles of barrier nursing care, and how it may be affect by themselves. The results of the research point to the origin and the most common causes of errors in the principles of barrier nursing of perioperative nurses. The combination of both research methods allowed us a comparison between theoretical knowledge claims of individual nurses and their actual behavior while respecting the principles of barrier nursing care at work in the operating theater.
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