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The effectiveness of aids for incontinence patients in aftercare
MUSILOVÁ, Jana
This thesis deals with the effectiveness of use of aids intended for incontinent ill people in subsequent care. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and experience part. The experience part of the thesis has been implemented by means of qualitative research. The data have been obtained on the basis of two different half pen and paper interviews with patients/clients who are using incontinence aids prescribed by a doctor on a coupon or by a matron or a ward sister from the subsequent care department in hospitals with the state-funded organization and in hospitals with the joint-stock company organization. The result of the qualitative research showed, that both groups of respondents use mostly only plastic pants or nappies out of the whole assortment of aids. For patients/clients living at home the reason is that on the basis of anamnesis the general doctors prescribe the incontinence aids only in the most serious incontinence cases. At the subsequent care department the situation is caused by a big number of immobile fully incontinent patients/clients. The results show, that the quantity of absorb aids prescribed by general doctors is insufficient. It does not reach the quantity limits given in the documents by VZP (Public Health Insurance Company). Taking into consideration the low income of seniors, the respondents have to pay considerable amounts of money for incontinence aids which are necessary for them. There is an absolute lack of absorption aids in the hospital with the state funded organization. The incontinence aids are financed by three different ways. Patients/clients themselves have to get and pay the absorption aids at the Geriatrics department I and subsequent care department 2. The hospital provides them only with one-off mats and hygienic aids free of charge. The reason for this is a low limit of material. The respondents regard this system of financing negatively. It burdens patients/clients and nurses too. If patients/clients do not have the aids, the hospital has to lend the aids, make a list of debts and collects them back. On this account conflict situations often arise in families. At these departments there are reserved five social beds which enable patients/clients the prescription of aids by a doctor on a coupon likewise the patients who are ill and cure at home. At the stopgap department patients/clients pay a monthly fee; this includes the costs on incontinence aids too. At the subsequent care department 2A, B of the hospital with the join-stock company organization the aids are fully paid by the hospital. There is available a sufficient assortment and quantity of absorb and hygienic aids, which enable an individual attitude.
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Importance of Nonverbal Communication for a Patient
STUDÍKOVÁ, Monika
Importance of Nonverbal Communication for a Patient The research of the bachelor{\crq}s thesis is focused on assessment of importance of nonverbal communication for a patient/client. The theoretical part analyses communication as a whole and addresses individual parts of nonverbal communication. Communication is a word used very frequently. But it does not mean only spoken words. Its importance has been increasing in both health service and common life. It leads to more appreciative and decent behaviour of staff and to increasingly humane environment in medical establishments. The task of a nurse is not only to send these nonverbal signals but also to accept and understand them. It enables her to understand clients with all their needs. Despite all efforts for education in the area of communication, there have still been variously large communication barriers. The objective of the research is to ascertain whether patients/clients of medical establishments consider nonverbal communication to be important in a contact with a nurse. The research was conducted by the quantitative method using anonymous questionnaires. One type of a questionnaire was drawn up for the research set selectedby us. The set was composed of patients/clients who visited an outpatient{\crq}s clinic or hospital. The questionnaire was absolutely anonymous. The objective of 27 questions was to ascertain the importance of nonverbal communication for a patient/client. The research set comprised 126 respondents. The following hypotheses were raised in order to achieve the set objective: Hypothesis 1: Nonverbal communication is important for patients/clients. Hypothesis 2: The level of nonverbal communication skills of a nurse increases willingness of a patient/client to cooperate in the therapy. On the basis of the statistically processed results, both the hypotheses have been confirmed. The objective of the thesis has been fulfilled. From the results of the research, another possible hypothesis has arisen, namely that nonverbal communication between a patient/client and a nurse will influence the trust in the visited establishment. The results of the research may be used for better appreciation of the effect of nonverbal communication between a nurse and a patient. The thesis should trigger considerations of importance of nonverbal communication for a patient/client. It should also raise interest of nurses in education in the area of communication and inspire the management to monitor communication skills of medical staff, particularly nurses. One of possible solutions is elaboration and introduction of a communication standard or conducting of a communication audit.
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Specifies of nursing care for patiens with non-invazive ventilation.
TICHÁ, Věra
The use of the non-invasive ventilation of the lungs is connected with the positive pressure ventilation. When the endotracheal tube was developed, this method was put aside. Recently, its use has gone up again. It is indicated for the patients with acute respiratory insufficiency, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. The non-invasive ventilation of the lungs does not require any sedation. In addition, there is no risk of intubation of the airways. The contraindication includes acute ischemic myocardium, a non-cooperating patient and inability to ensure the face seal. The research used qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The qualitative research was done in the form of interviews and content analyses of data. The research sample composed of six patients from the intensive care units in the hospital Nemocnice Tábor, a.s. The research sample of the quantitative data collection was made up of nurses from four hospitals in the Czech Republic, who work at the intensive care units and at the anaesthesiology and resuscitation unit. In total, 100 questionnaires were distributed and 84 properly filled in questionnaires were returned. The questionnaire included 40 closed questions. Objective 1 was to find out whether the nurses know and use the standard of the nursing care for the patient with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs. Objective 2 was to map actual conditions of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs. Objective 3 was to map which problems the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs have. The objectives of the work were fulfilled. This work has got one research question. Which problems do the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs have? The research found out that the patients most often have problems with rubbing and soreness to their face, dry mouth and throat and problems with sleeping. Hypothesis 1 (the nurses know standards of the nursing care for patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs) was disproved. The standard is not established in any hospitals. Hypothesis 2 (the nurses use the standards of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs) was disproved. The output is the development of the standard called "The nurse assistance of the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs". Hypothesis 3 (the way of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs is different in the selected hospitals) was disproved. The nursing care in the selected hospitals is provided at the same level. The nursing care for these patients is a very demanding task for a nurse. An important element of successful treatment is a good psychological preparation of the patient and almost continuous presence of the nurse at the patient´s bedside. We hope that some of the results of this research will draw attention to the problems of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs and will help to solve them. The developed standard could also become a part of the nursing care procedures in medical facilities. .
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Mentally ill patiens/clients at standard wards.
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Hana
The bachelor thesis Mentally Ill Patients/Clients at Standard Wards is based on a quantitative survey using a anonymous questionnaire for nurses in standard units. The work itself is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part covers the view of mentally ill throughout the history, the definition of mental illness, principles of communication with mentally ill patients/clients. The practical part describes the research leading to verifying the hypotheses.Two objectives were identified. The first objective was to identify barriers in communication between a nurse and a mentally ill patient/client. The second objective was to determine what nurses lack when caring for mentally ill patients/clients in standard units. Three hypotheses were determined. Hypothesis 1: Older nurses working in standard units have more experience in communicating with mentally ill patients/customers. This hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis 2: Organizational work conditions do not impede nurses working in standard units in communication with a mentally ill patient/client. This hypothesis has been disproved. Hypothesis 3: Nurses working in a standard unit have an interest in communicating with a mentally ill patient/client. This hypothesis was confirmed. On the base of the processed results it can be stated that the quality of communication with mentally ill patients is affected by experience, sufficient time and interest in the issue.
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The application of the King´s model in the care of client to the orthopedic department
KREMSOVÁ, Alžběta
My thesis deals with the possibility of applying King?s model to client care at an orthopaedic department. King?s model is focused on interaction between a nurse and a patient. Achievement of harmony in interaction between a nurse and a patient/client creates better conditions for attainment of the care goals and thus saturation of his/her needs. In combination with Gordon?s model better satisfaction of needs and thus improvement of the care at the orthopaedic department would be achieved.
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Barrier recovery system at the occurrence of nosocomial infections in the department
JAREŠOVÁ, Marie
Infections acquired during a treatment in a hospital or healthcare service unit are called nosocomial infections. Their history goes back to the first institutions where patients were gathered. To prevent nosocomial infections, so called barrier nursing is used. It is a set of procedures aimed at preventive measures to avoid the appearance or transmission of the infection. The awareness of observing all rules connected belong to the essentials. The aim of the Bachelor work was to find out if general nurses who work in in-patient hospital wards are aware of nosocomial infections. They were interviewed about barrier nursing rules and their observing. The survey was carried out in the hospitals in Písek and Strakonice. There were 110 anonymous questionnaires distributed and 90 of them were given back. All data were compiled and the findings were depicted in a graphic form. Two hypotheses were set at the beginning: Hypothesis 1: Nurses are familiar with barrier nursing regime rules and their use while nosocomial infection appears at the wards. Hypothesis 2: Nurses respect the rules when nosocomial infection appears at the wards. Both hypotheses were confirmed. The analysis of the data acquired from the questionnaires resulted into the finding that the nurses were keeping abreast of nosocomial infection prevention. The nurses are likely to attend seminars as a part of preventive measures of nosocomial infections. All findings will be offered to the management of the hospitals where the survey was carried out.
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Message nurses and ward sister in practice.
NOVÁKOVÁ, Jana
The ward sister round presents an integral part of the nursing profession. The ward sister round comprises a regular visit of the nurse directly at the patient´s bed. Its objective consists in determining and satisfying the unsaturated needs of patients, further in ensuring and providing a high quality and efficiency nursing care in a close link with medical care. Nursing handover can be divided into two main sections: written and oral handover. The oral handover takes place directly in the patients´/clients´ room under the use of nursing documentation. Its advantage consists in the direct involvement of the patient/client in the handover process. The written handover is then entered by the nurses into the Handover Book. The significance of my diploma work consists in increasing the nurses´ standard of knowledge related to the modernization of ward sister rounds and nursing handover as an integral part of the nursing profession.
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Emotionality in the job of a nurse
HLACHOVÁ, Martina
The bachelor thesis of the title: "Emotionality in the job of a nurse" deals with the emotional company of a nurse which is part of experiencing in her assisting profession. In the course of every common and special day people experience a wide scale of various emotions not only in their everyday lives but also in their professions. The profession of a nurse belongs to an assisting profession and therefore in patients' eyes a nurse should be the one who has understanding for their problems during the illness and who helps to solve them with a great deal of tolerance and kindness. In her profession a nurse must fight with emotional tiredness, detritions and deformation leading to a state of cynicism which results in a simplified view of the ill and their problems. Next to their work, the mission of nurses is to be able to care well about the ill and never forget that a patient is first of all man, whose interests just they should protect. Literature mentions the fact that it is important to realize that a nurse does not work only for the ill ones, but particularly with them {--} which this thesis confirms. The theoretical part aims at emotionality as part of experiencing, emotions, at the job description of a nurse, her relation to the patient, empathy. Further it deals with various risks endangering the nurse from the psychological point of view, self-control and methods for mental health sustenance of a nurse. The second part of the thesis is a research part. The thesis has set two goals: the first goal is to determine how nurses react emotionally to patients' problems. The second goal is to determine which factors positively influence suitable nurses' emotional reactions to patients' problems. On the basis of these goals two research questions were set: 1)How do nurses emotionally react to patients' problems? and 2)Which factors positively influence suitable emotional reactions of nurses to patients' problems? To meet the goals of the thesis I used the method of a qualitative research survey. The survey is performed with the technique of non-standard dialogue which was provided by seven nurses working in the home for elderly people in Dobrá Voda.
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The Attitude of nurses to introduction of nursing process into the practice
KOTKOVÁ, Michaela
Abstract The attitude of nurses to implementing new nursing process methods into practice The contemporary modern health care philosophy stemming from the recommendations of the WHO ( World Health Organization), the ICN ( International Council of Nurses) and the EU (European Union) aims to specify the roles of a nurse and show the direction for a quality education of the medical staff and an individualized nursing care focused on patients´ needs. The nursing process has been changing constantly and it is necessary to introduce new methods into practice. The nursing process is a series of mutually connected activities done for the benefit of the patients and in collaboration with them if it is possible. The results of individual steps are recorded in the patient´s medical history which is substantial for this methodology. Nowadays, in majority of health care facilities in the Czech Republic the nursing process is an integral part of their care. The objective of this thesis was to find out nurses´ approach to the method and also whether they have enough knowledge to implement the method into practice. The results of the quantitative research by the questionnaire method I have conducted show that nurses´ attitudes to the modern nursing method have been changing favourably. They do not perceive the method to be annoying but they see it as a method that can help them better cope with their duties. I set several hypotheses. The hypothesis IV - nurses agree that the method enables to discover the patient´s real troubles better {--} was confirmed. The hypothesis V {--} nurses agree that the method enables to discover the patient´s potential troubles better {--} was also confirmed. On the other hand nurses still insist that the new nursing process brings about more paperwork {--} the hypothesis II proved to be correct. Nurses working in standard units in the hospital in Frýdek-Místek consider the new method more encumbering due to more paper handling. According to the data obtained by using the questionnaire method, nurses have enough theoretical knowledge on the nursing process. Only two questions asking about phases of the method were given false answers. Thus it is possible to conclude that nurses are well informed about the principles of the nursing process. Thereby the hypothesis VI was rejected - it supposed that nurses in standard units in the hospital in Frýdek -Místek did not have enough information on the new nursing process. The results of the research show that nurses agree with implementation of the methods into the nursing process. 57% nurses agree that the new nursing process will bring about a better care for patients, 54% nurses agree with implementation of the nursing process into practice. The hypothesis I - nurses working in the hospital in Frýdek Místek agree with implementation of the new nursing process methods into practice - proved to be correct. Also the hypothesis III - nurses are sure that new methods implementation will make for a better nursing care - was correct. A nurse is the key-person in the nursing process. To fulfill her crucial role it is necessary for her to be concerned with the new nursing process methods.
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