National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Rationalisation of the US Welfare State in the 1980s and 1990s
Dusil, Jakub ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The thesis deals with changes in attitude towards the US welfare state in the 1980s and 1990s, when its classical (liberal) concept was outshined by a more rational attitude of conservatism. Through a reduction in the number of welfare recipients President Reagan wanted to terminate the growth trend in the cost of social security. His provisions, however, caused a reduction in work incentives of welfare recipients and a significant decline in income of these people. Along with measures positively motivating to work President Clinton limited eligibility for social benefits and caused significant changes in the behavior of groups of people most dependent on these revenues. Analysis in the last part is focused on the effects of these measures on American society and changes in the well-being of various groups of the population. Findings show that Clinton was able to exploit the good economic conditions of the late 20th century better than Reagan. His social reform caused a more significant decrease in the number of those receiving social benefits, which was also accompanied by improvements in living conditions of US citizens - by growing self-sufficiency through increased labor participation and a decrease in poverty.
The Change of the Attitude Towards Welfare State - Clinon's Stress on the Active Employment Policy
Dusil, Jakub ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The thesis deals with the reform of the social system of the United States carried out by the Bill Clinton's signature under the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act in 1996 and its impact on the U.S. labor market. From a historical excursion comes an assumption that the success of active employment policy depends not only on the sufficiency of employment programs and enhancing employability of citizens, but also on a number of incentives for job search. At the beginning of his second term, Clinton created the most important piece of legislation in the last decades, which along with the measures positively motivating to work anew defined tough conditions for welfare recipients to sustain benefits and it caused significant changes in the behavior of groups of people most dependent on the income from social benefits. The effects of these measures on the labor market and changes of the labor market indicators deal with the analysis in the last part, which shows increase in the labor force participation rate, significant reduction in the amount of social security recipients and, ultimately, improve the living conditions of Americans by using the indicator of poverty.

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