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The Matter of Evaluation of Patient's Needs in Surgical Nursing
KULAJEC, Teťana
Current situation: An issue of evaluating needs of a patient hospitalised at the surgery department is an initial moment of nursing care. At present, a development of holistic approach in care of a patient occurs as well as a cooperation with a family. Aims of thesis: To determine a role of a nurse in meeting patient´s needs, to determine how a family participates in meeting patient´s needs and to evaluate what are the differences between the needs of a patient recorded in nursing documents and current needs of a patient at a surgery department. Methodology: For processing the research part of the diploma thesis, a quantitative research construct and interviewing methods were used, techniques of data collecting by a form of half-structured interviews. Nurses employed at the surgery department participated in the research construct. Furthermore, there were patients included hospitalised at the surgery department at least two days and members of families who take care of the patient. All the interviews were evaluated by open coding through a method pencil-paper; the results processed by this method were categorised. To this part also an analysis of nursing documents of a given patient belongs. The nursing documents were analysed by means of secondary data analysis. Results: The role of a nurse is based on identification and following saturation of needs. During an evaluation of meeting needs, all the patients agreed with an overall positive evaluation. However, according to the nurses, these have not enough time for saturation the needs. A family participates mostly in psychological support, financial support, household functioning, necessary items delivery and following care in the care of a relative. It emerged during an analysis of nursing documents that the nurses did not re-evaluated patients´physical condition during a change of his/her health condition. Conclusion: To a complex evaluation and recording of the needs of patients in nursing documents a higher number of nurses in health institutions can contribute as well as introducing training courses and seminars focused on this topic.
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Compliance with mode measures by the anticoagulative treatment in primary medical care
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Alexandra
The goal of my bachelor´s thesis has been a description of state compliance with patients taking Warfarin and afterwards the relationship between measurement of compliance and occurrence of complications related to the treatment with Warfarin. Concurrently, compliance from the point of age and gender has been meant to be supported. The theoretical part has been dedicated to anticoagulative treatment with emphasis on Warfarin, education and patient´s compliance by observance of mode measures related to treatment with Warfarin. Quantitative research survey has been chosen to process this bachelor´s thesis with using of technique of data collecting with a form of an anonymous unstandardized questionnaire survey. The survey team has consisted of the patients in České Budějovice taking Warfarin. Three hypotheses have been specified in connection with the goal of this thesis. We have assumed by the two mentioned hypotheses such a kind of relation between the state compliance connected to their age, then between mode compliance and their gender. By the third hypothesis we have claimed that occurrence that could have been related to the mode compliance. Thanks to the given results we have found out that there is no relation to their age or gender by the patients taking Warfarin, but there is a relation to the patients taking Warfarin and mode compliance. Beyond the given goal we have come to the conclusion that compliance is related to the achieved education and also it decreases with its length. The results could be used as a material for nurses´ education in surgeries or for general practitioners in some other hospitals. There has been pointed out the necessity of a proper education, patients awareness and importance of mutual relations and communication. These facts could influence the patient´s contribution to mode treatment and increase its success rate. This work provides complete information regarding treatment with Warfarin and also possible consequences by using wrong patient´s compliance.
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Role sestry v péči o pacienta se zánětem centrálního nervového systému
KUČAVOVÁ, Kristýna
The topic of this bachelor thesis is ´The Nurse´s Role in Cring for Patients Suffering from the Inflammation of the Central Nervous System´. Its objective was to map out the nursing care from the perspective of both, the nurse and the patient. The theoretical part is focused on the physiology and anatomy of the central nervous system as well as infectious agents. The inflammation of the central nervous system may also be called the neuroinfection. The theoretical part is terminated by the problem of nursing care for infectious patients. The research part was processed based on a qualitative survey. The following five research questions were posed: 1. What are the nurse´s roles in caring for a patient suffering from the inflammation of central neural system? 2. What are the specifics of nursing patients suffering from the inflammation of the central neural system? 3. How do nurses perceive the quality of life in patients having suffered the inflammation of the central neural system? 4. How do patients perceive the quality of their own life having suffered the inflammation of the central nervous system? 5. What are the nurse´s roles in taking care for a patient suffering the inflammation of the central nervous system from the patient´s perspective? Data collection was implemented using semi-structured interviews that were implemented together with the nurses from the ICU Infectious Department and with the patients suffering from the inflammation of the central nervous system. The interviewed patients suffered different inflammations of the central nervous system. The research was implemented during June 2021 and it was terminated at the moment of theoretical saturation. From the results of the survey, it is clear that the nurse is a nurse - adviser, communicator, and their support for the patients at their difficult times. From the nurses´ testimonies it was clear that the nursing care for a patient suffering from the inflammation of the central nervous system largely consists of not only nursing care but also communication with the patient and their family who need to have the support in someone at such a difficult period of time. From the nurses´ testimonies, it was also clear that patients were also offered the professional help of either a psychologist or a psychiatrist.
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Monitoring of the nervous system of patients with craniocerebral injury - Nurse's role
VANIŠOVÁ, Štěpánka
This theoretical thesis focuses on monitoring of nervous system of patients with craniocerebral injury and the nurse´s role in the problem. Its aim was to provide a general and comprehensive overview of craniocerebral injury and also the monitoring options of nervous system of patients with this particular injury, and to map out the nurse´s role in monitoring of nervous system of patients with craniocerebral injury. In order to achieve the objectives, the method of review and data synthesis was employed. The sources for the thesis were sought out through professional foreign databases, internet browsers and with the help of catalogues and databases of libraries. It was drawn from professional literature, both domestic and foreign, in electronic and printed form. Owing to the development of technologies, new monitoring techniques of nervous system appear in clinical practice. Such techniques are somewhere considered standard, elsewhere they are only being introduced or there has been no experience with such techniques at all. The nurses working with patients with craniocerebral injury should have sufficient information on this problem. Unfortunately, literature dealing with this issue and intended for nurses is scarce in domestic sources. Thus the theses might at least partially serve as a study material both for nurses and students. In the thesis, patophysiology of craniocerebral disease is clarified as well as current most often applied methods of monitoring of nervous system of patients with craniocerebral injury, both abroad and in our country. In the next part of the thesis, the individual monitoring methods are supplemented by information used especially by the nurses working with patients with craniocerebral injury in Intensive Care Units.
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Nurse and her role in preventing gastrointestinal tract illness.
KRÁTKÁ, Iveta
This diploma thesis focuses on the description of a chosen gastro-intestinal disease - colorectal carcinome, unspecified chronic intestinal infections, and ulcerous gastroduodenal disease. It pursues the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and most attention is given to the prevention of a chosen disease in gastro-intestinal tract. Concerning prevention, it focuses also on nutrition because that is what plays a significant role in keeping human population healthy. The empiric part of the thesis has been processed using a qualitative research survey, using the method of an in-depth semi-standardized interview. The first research group was formed by healthy individuals. The second research group was formed by nurses working with a practical doctor at the internal department and at the gastro-enterological department. The third research group was formed by patients suffering from gastroduoenal disease. The fourth research group was formed by patients sufferring from non-specific chronic intestinal infections. The fifth research group was formed by patients suffering from colorectal carcinome. The obtained results have proven that people know what a healthy lifestyle is, but compliance to it is rather difficult. One of its positive effects is that most people get their medical check-up regularly. The research group of ill individuals proves that the area of terciary or quarterly prevention is not made clear to the probands. The nurses´ research group has proven the fact that the prevention area is not made properly clear to the nurses, thus they do not provide the patients with sufficient information about their illness. This diploma thesis should aim at nurses and make sure they do not ignore the necessity of gastro-intestinal disease preention. T inform patients about options of prevention they have available. Patients themselves also need to realize how important their health is in their lives. Research survey results have been processed to form an information brochure meant for gastro-intestinal disease patients. To deepe knowledge about this issue we suggest offering the obtained results to be published in an expert magazine called Gastroenterology and Haemathology - Czech Gastroenterological Society.
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The nurse's role in secondary prevention in patients with allergic disease
PELEŠKOVÁ, Adéla
The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the work is focused on explaining the basic concepts in allergology, types of allergies are presented, their symptoms and treatment. Furthermore, the work describes the types of prevention and the task of a nursing in allergology. In the practical part of the work three goals were set up. The first goal was to determine the role of a nurse in secondary prevention in patients / clients with an allergic disease. The second objective of the research was to determine whether differences exist by nurses in the provision of secondary prevention in patients / clients with an allergic disease at selected sites. The third objective was to determine how nurses prepare patients / clients for the adherence to a treatment regimen associated with their allergic disease. To achieve these objectives a qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews has been selected. The research group consisted of ten nurses, two nurses working in the allergology ambulance at the hospital and four nurses from private ambulances in České Budějovice, two nurses from private ambulances and one from the allergology ambulance at the hospital in Písek, and one nurse from the private allergology ambulance in Strakonice.
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A nurse´s role in looking after clients spare time in the course of their hospitalization
RATAJOVÁ, Radka
Nurse{\crq}s role in making use of the clients{\crq} free time when hospitalized at the ECD Nurses{\crq} mission in the society is to satisfy client{\crq}s immediate needs and to reach the maximum physical, mental, and social satisfaction possible. This can be achieved by a holistic attitude towards the client which comprises of the whole personality, compact human being with all the aspects of his or her personal lifestyle. No less important is the communication with the patient himself, either verbal or non-verbal, because the client{\crq}s psyche is totally changed inside the hospital. The way the patient deals with the hospitalization can be very much affected by a nurse with her correct attitude towards the patient. Especially with the long-term client it is very important to think about cooperation with their families and that way to prevent the negative consequences of the hospitalization, keep the clients engaged throughout their free time and support their self-containment. For these purposes, nurses use all sorts of techniques which are comprised in this thesis. The objective of this thesis was to find out whether nurses devote to the patients in their free time sufficiently, whether they have the means to do that and what options they have. If possible, find out the client{\crq}s feedback on their possibilities of make use of their fee time in the hospital. Based on the information gathered, theoretical knowledge and practical experience the thesis tries to suggest improvement for the situation on the departments given. The survey was applied using questionnaire quantitative data collection method. Two survey files were created: nurses at ECD and ECD clients. Two suppositions were assessed, which were supposed to either confirm or rebut the lack of time for client{\crq}s activities within their free time during their hospitalization and clients{\crq} dissatisfaction with making use of the free time during their hospitalization. The first supposition has confirmed that nurses do not have lack of time for clients{\crq} activities within their free time during their hospitalization. The second supposition did not confirm clients{\crq} dissatisfaction with making use of the free time during their hospitalization. The results of the survey has proved that nursed would like to spend more time with the clients in their free time but the crucial problem is the lack of staff. It is therefore impossible to devote to the clients as they would wish for. Another problem is the lack of financial assets. Nevertheless, nurses proposed plenty of suggestions which would make the clients{\crq} stay in the hospital more likeable. On the other hand, clients{\crq} dissatisfaction with making use of the free time during their hospitalization was a marginal one, especially thanks to their family relatives. They do not expect nurses to spend the free time with them due to their recognized work load. It would be most suitable to provide a sufficient amount of staff and volunteers for the clients{\crq} free-time activities during their hospitalization. If possible, extend the range of the limited options of making use of the clients{\crq} free time and introduce these options to them because the present patients do not expect such options at all.
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