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Vliv a význam aktivního managementu v nížinných lesích na epigeickou faunu pavouků
Vymazalová, Pavla
In the thesis was investigated the influence and importance of active management in lowland forests on epigeic spider fauna. The research was carried out on 15 randomly chosen research plots in the NPR Děvín (The Pálava Protected Landscape Area). Together, the research took place on 15 plots with 3 tretaments on each plot: heavy thinning, moderate thinning, control plots (no management). The spiders were collected using pitfall traps when three pitfall traps in each transect were placed five meters between each other across the central axis of each research plot. The results show that locatity is characteric by high abundance and species richness of spiders. Overall, 3683 adult spiders belonging to 21 families, 70 genera and 116 species were collected and determined, including high presence of rare and endangered species. The species richness and number of conservation bioindicators had the highest values on plots where heavy thinning was applied. The abundance of spiders had the highest values in a moderate thinning, mainly due to dominant species Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) and Trochosa terricola (Thorell, 1856). Functional diversity was significantly higher in open stands, however, the individual functional features (e.g. spider hunting strategies) were equally dispersed in all types of forest stands. The evenness of these functional groups depend on the coverage and density of vegetation. The research show that the most appropriate for biodiversity conservation in lowland forest reserves is to return to active management, but not across the whole area. It is necessary to preserve the mosaicity of lowland oak forests, it means preserve heterogeneity of microhabitats in the stand because different species and ecological groups of spiders prefer different ecological conditions. This can support the overall biodiversity of lowland forest ecosystems. In comparison with other studies, these conclusions are applicable to other groups of organisms occurring in the lowland forests of the Czech Republic.
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