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Principles of the law of inheritance ind the Czech lands before its codification in 1811
Klucová, Monika ; Kindl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
This diploma thesis [in the master's course], drawn up at the Faculty of Law of Charles University in Prague, deals with the principles of the law of inheritance in Bohemia prior to its codification in 1811. Although inheritance law is one of the oldest branches of law, and was very thoroughly developed in ancient Roman law, in our territory it actually started to develop some more only after the Hussite movement. That is due to the fact that in the Middle Ages, the prevailing concepts were the ruler's right to bona vacantia and family indivisible ownership ["rodinný nedíl" in Czech], both of which did not really make it possible to pass estate from the deceased to their heirs. Therefore the aim of the thesis is to examine and gain a deeper insight into the historical development and historical contexts of the law of inheritance in our territory, which had preceded its modern form that was first codified in Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch [the General Civil Code], which accepted the structure of the Inheritance Patent of Joseph II in 1811. Part One of the thesis, Introduction, briefly discusses the law of inheritance as a specific element of legal science, the principles of inheritance law, and inheritance conditions and titles. Part Two, Excursion into History - Inheritance in Roman Law,...
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Old Czech manuscript of the Collection of Judgments from towns Brno and Jihlava
Jamborová, Martina
The paper points out the old Czech translation of the collection of Judgments from Brno and Jihlava, whose lexical value lies in the fact that there exist glosses and interpretations of individual words, translations of German and Latin terms, terminological synonymous and others. Studying of the manuscript contributes to language research Czech legal texts of 15 . century. The manuscript is also important, because it became a source of Book of Municipal Law by M. Brikcí from Ličsko (1536) and the Municipal Law by Kristián Koldín (1579).
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Old Czech Translation of the Collection of Judgments from Brno and Jihlava
Jamborová, Martina
The article aims to bring into remembrance an Old Czech legal text, as its use in the codifying collections of the Municipal Law is not sufficiently emphasized. The document in question is a Czech translation of Collection of Judgments from Brno and Jihlava (1468), author of the translation is considered to be Vít Tasovský from Lipoltice. The text of this legal manuscript offers a very rich linguistic material. Corrections, supplied facts, lexical corrections, interpretations of individual words and their combinations, translations of German and Latin terms, and orthographic changes were also inserted to the Collection. The manuscript provides valuable information on the development of the language of the Czech legal texts in the 2nd half of the 15th century. The importance of the manuscript is amplified by the fact that it became a source of the Book of Municipal Law by M. Brikcí from Ličsko issued in the year 1536 and also of Municipal Law by Kristián Koldín dated 1579.
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Quantity as a Semantic Differential Factor in Medieval Legal Text
Jamborová, Martina
The article focuses on graphical aspects of Old Czech nouns město (in the sense of civitas) and miesto (in the sense of locus) in the Czech translation of collection of finds from Brno and Jihlava (2nd half of the 15th century). With words of equal origin, such as město and miesto, quantity functions as a semantic differential factor. The importance of its explicit written record becomes more apparent with the increasing independence of the words in question as independent semantic units in a given period of time. A legal manuscript is in this respect specific in the way that words equal or very similar in their form but different in their meaning enter here in contexts where their semantic differentiation becomes crucial for an adequate reception of the text.
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