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The role of moral responsibility in the educational effect of institutional child welfare
PŘÍHODOVÁ, Denisa
The diploma thesis deals with the role of moral responsibility in the context of institutional care for a child from a disadvantaged background. The work analyzes in detail the possible influence of psychological deprivation and poor socialization of the child on the change in adolescent behavior in the way that requires him to be removed from the family environment. The aim of this thesis is to map the meaning of moral responsibility in child education. This goal includes noting both the importance of a parent's responsibility towards their child and the importance of the child's own responsibility. In the case when the adopted responsibility of the child is not sufficient for ordinary life in society the importance of institutional care is pointed out. A fundamental knowledge emerging from this thesis is the fact that parents' lack of moral responsibility can cause their children to behave inappropriately and is itself transmitted to the next generation, creating a closed circle from which it is very difficult to exit. All discussed findings from theoretical sources were supported by the personal experience of the social worker providing assistance to families from disadvantaged backgrounds.
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Dealing with the guilt of persons serving a sentence.
Doskočilová, Veronika ; Fošum, Jan (advisor) ; Mohelník, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the ethical topic of guilt and its processing in persons serving a sentence. The paper elaborates with the topic of guilt on a practical and theoretical level. The theoretical framework deals with concepts related to guilt (morality, good, evil, conscience, sin), then presents the concept of guilt and the possibilities of its processing. Based on the description of the theory, the theoretical part formulates questions, which are used in the practical part. It describes three case studies of persons serving a sentence. The research is devoted to their individual perception of guilt and subsequently to ways of coping with it. Special attention is paid to Christianity and its influence on the perception of guilt, as two persons believe in God. Research shows that guilt is a fundamental issue for people in prison, whether it is in its negative or positive manifestations. The research confirms the fundamental theoretical starting point that there is a line from the negative effect of guilt to its positive contribution. As all three convicts confirm, guilt is the path to awareness, acceptance, and finally to the correction. Although there are many ways how to deal with guilt, the key is willingness to be opened to cope with guilt. Though there are a number of shortcomings in...
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Education as a Way to Freedom in Philosophy of Jan Patočka
Kalina, Lukáš
TITLE: Education as a Way to Freedom in Philosophy of Jan Patočka AUTHOR: Bc. Lukáš Kalina DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences and Philosophy Department SUPERVISOR: doc. PhDr. Naděžda Pelcová, CSc. ABSTRACT: This master's thesis will show the concept of education as the way to freedom in the philosophy of Jan Patočka. It will deal with common phenomenological basis of philosopher to education for freedom and the concept of freedom, and also philosopher's viewpoint to the instrumental education and general link between instrumentality and free human beings. What means ''to raise/educate'' or ''to be raised/educated'' and how Jan Patočka thinks in the meaning of educational/raising methods. KEYWORDS: Upbringing, Freedom, Phenomenology, Three Movements of Human Life, Shake, Truth, Patočka
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Ethics from the perspective of members of the Integrated Rescue System
KAŇKA, Milan
This thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The work is divided into chapters and subsections. The introduction of the theoretical part gives a brief insight into the history of the development of ethics and then describes the relationship between ethics and morality. Furthermore, the theoretical part explains the concept of an integrated rescue system according to valid dust regulations. It lists and describes its basic and other components. It characterizes the profession of members of the integrated rescue system, the content of their work, and the conditions of admission. Other terms such as emergency, rescue, and liquidation work or coordination of the components of an integrated rescue system are also listed and described. The practical part of the work consists of quantitative research which uses a questionnaire survey as a data collection method. The semi-structured questionnaire was filled out by respondents - members of the integrated rescue system of the Vysočina Region via a web interface. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether the members of the integrated rescue system operating in the Vysočina Region consider the code of ethics of their organization to be sufficiently elaborated and whether the members of the integrated rescue system in the Vysočina Region act by the code of ethics.
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Probe into the soul of a lifetime scout
BROMOVÁ, Zuzana
The thesis gives a perspective on life seen through the Scout's eyes. It deals with the life and the thinking of the people who were or have been active members of this movement. The practical part of the thesis focuses, through eight narrative interviews, on the experience of the Scout movement members and the subjective purpose of their own experience throughout their life. It describes as well what these individuals have found within the movement, what they have identified or conversely disagreed with and what values and approaches they prefer in their lives. The practical part seeks the essence of something that a Scout's soul is comprised of, it means, what makes a Scout a Scout. The analysis of individual interviews exposed several topics and subtopics, where the correlation between them was examined. These topics turned into a syllabus or basis for the theoretical part, where it was described and clarified to the reader with the help of the reference literature.
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Influences of technological artifacts on morality
ARZROOMCHILAR, Ehsan
Technology is such ubiquitous today that one barely can contact the world around where no artefact is involved. The most basic needs of humans, e.g., food and shelter, hinge heavily upon artefacts. Now, what are the consequences of the current technologically-saturated surroundings on morals? To answer the question, in my writing, I have gone through different traditions as well as movements to figure out how to accommodate moral dimensions of technology. Ultimately I have suggested to integrate the relevant pieces of two movements of Social Construction of Technology (SCOT) as well as ctor-Network-Theory (ANT) into postphenomenology. Further, I have also proposed a three-stage schema for moralization of technology along the process of the design of technology. The schema consists of a descriptive stage, an evaluative stage, and an imperative stage. In the descriptive stage designers need to provide an illustration of what a particular technology brings about. In the second stage, they are supposed to evaluate the description provided in stage one. And in the last stage, they must embed the insights into the technology in question. The work closes its tale by an application of the schema on a case study.
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The connection between inner conscience and suffering: an attempt at basic clarification
KALIÁNOVÁ, Jana
The presented work focuses on the connection between conscience and suffering and the main basic clarification of the two. This is demonstrated using a specific example from Czech history, on the activities of Charter 77, in connection with the legacy of Jan Patočka. First, the work sheds light on ethical notions such as morality, morals, conscience, and suffering, as well as the ethical categories of good and evil. Then the activity, the meaning of Charter 77, is characterized as a practical example of working with the moral aspects of man. The thesis' major purpose was to uncover and examine Jan Patoka's attitude toward conscience and suffering as a result of fidelity to one's own principles in relation to Charter 77. The conclusion illustrates the importance of man as a human being with its values. Especially when it comes to pedagogical practice. The work is theoretical and in its central part explains the states of conscience and suffering in relation to man.
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The ethical aspects of handeling the bodies of deceased
VIKTOROVÁ, Nikola
The diploma thesis deals with the ethical aspects we can indentify when dealing with bodies of the deceased. It describes how the deceased body is treated with respect to human dignity or human rights and also shows how the deceased's body was treated in the past and how funeral ceremonies and burials of the human remains looked like. It also deals with the evaluation of the approach to dead body these days. The procedures after death are described as well as the forms of funeral, funeral services or cemeteries. The thesis marginally deals with the funeral customs of selected ethnic minorities living in our territory. A special area is dedicated to the treatment of deceased children, the possibilities of their burial and farewell to their parents. Ethical issues in the field of organ donation are presented here also in the end.
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Moral distress of psychology teachers in secondary school
LENCOVÁ, Petra
The Master's thesis focuses on moral distress of psychology teachers in secondary school The entire work is divided into two main parts a theoretical one and a practical one. The theoretical part displays and explains the fundamental meaning behind definitions such as an ethics, a morality, a stress and a moral distress. Moreover, the following represents the background of the psychology teaching in the Czech Republic and brief research that shows the moral distress on the psychology of teachers. On the other hand, the practical part shows the examples within the taken surveys of 10 psychology teachers. Where 8 out of 10 teachers have described 16 situations overall, from their practical experience which has led to various morally stressful situation. The main objective of this report is to find out what kind of situations are caused by the moral distress to the high school teachers. As well as how the school professionals face and solve those already mentioned situations. The answers to those facts will be provided by the applied quantitative research. Based on the results, the research has shown that the psychology teachers and the high school professionals has faced various morally stressful situations, where the root causes were primarily such as it follows: a school board, colleagues, students, parents of students, lectures. However, from the standpoint of the given surveys has not come out that the moral distress of the teachers would be primarily caused by the psychology teaching.
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Decalogue and it's influence on the daily life of the inhabitants of Vrábče.
ŠVECOVÁ, Šárka
The bachelor thesis deals with The Decalogue and its position in the contemporary Czech community. The first chapter details the past of the village of Vrábče. The second chapter consists of The Decalogue in its original meaning and their overlap to the present. The third chapter details the issue of the faith of The Decalogue in the contemporary world and in Czech society. It examines whether The Decalogue is still relevant today. Based on the knowledge and background from the theoretical part of the thesis, the fourth chapter concludes with evaluation of the conducted research and answering the research question, which asks whether The Decalogue influences the everyday life of the inhabitants of Vrábče. Quantitative research was carried out in the village of Vrábče using a questionnaire survey. The output of the practical part of this work is an evaluation of the research results, which proves that The Decalogue still has a positive influence on the inhabitants, even in today's society.
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