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Reakce imunitního systému na spirochéty Lymské boreliózy v závislosti na jejich patogenním potenciálu
ŠMÍDOVÁ, Hana
An infectious disease known as Lyme borreliosis is caused by the bacterium Borrelia, which is transmitted to humans by ticks. The bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of the pathogenic potential of three species of bacteria from the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, which are characterized by their antigenic equipment. Differences between these species result in different responses of the host immune system and also affect tissue specificity, it determines the target area in the body where a given bacterium persists and causes symptoms typical of its species.
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Detection of Lyme disease spirochetes and Borrelia miyamotoi in samples of Czech patients
KAPURANI, Helena
Lyme borreliosis is a disease caused by infection of selected members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, a genus that keeps growing. With time, more and more members of this complex were identified as pathogenic for humans. This work aims to detect the spectrum of Borrelia spirochetes present in samples of Czech patients diagnosed with Lyme disease. Analysis will be used to suggest a tendency between the presence of the spirochetes' DNA found and the diagnosis of the patients.
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Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Objective: Summary of theoretical knowledge and the processing of case report of patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Abstract: This thesis consists of two parts. The general part contains a survey of the problems of Guillain-Barre syndrome as a clinical manifestation of a undergone Lyme borreliosis. The largest area is devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and subsequent treatment of disease called Guillain-Barre syndrome. A special section is devoted to case report and determination of the patient's plan of physiotherapy. The main aim of therapy was verticalization of patient into standing position with a view to return to normal life as before the illness. Case report was worked out on the patient's neurological department of the Regional Hospital Kladno a. s. at the time of continuous bachelor practice 9. 1. - 1. 2. 2012. Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, Lyme borreliosis, case report, physiotherapy, peripheral polyradiculoneuritis.
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\kur{Ixodes holocyclus\kur{}} - životní cyklus, toxicita a schopnost přenášet borrelie
VLČKOVÁ, Kamila
Ixodes holocyclus is the most common species of blood-feeding arthropods along the whole eastern coast of Australia. The salivary secretions contain neurotoxins, which cause paralysis and toxicoses to the hosts, especially cats, dogs, livestock, and even man, while native fauna appears to be immune. Despite its wide distribution, the role of paralytic toxins in disease transmission and the spectrum of pathogens carried by this tick are poorly understood. It is impossible to breed the ticks on animals because of their toxicity. However using an artificial feeding membrane helped us to establish a laboratory colony, which was necessary to perform our subsequent experiments. This study was focused on the ability of I. holocyclus to transmit Borrelia afzelii, a spirochete bacterium causing Lyme borreliosis. The next goal was to identify the paralytic neurotoxins.
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Epidemiological aspects of Lyme Borreliosis in Czech Republic
Fišerová, Tereza ; Janovská, Daniela (advisor) ; Čelko, Alexander (referee)
The aim of this bachelor work was to collect and to evaluate the data on the incidence of Lyme borreliosis in the Czech Republic in the last ten years (2003-2012). First, a comparison of the incidence of this disease in the administrative regions of the Czech Republic was made, which indicated noticeable differences between the regions. Then, the data for the South Bohemia Region and Vysočina Region were analyzed in a more detail to identify the main factors, which could contribute to the increased incidence of this disease. A brief history of the incidence of Lyme borreliosis worldwide and its etiology is also provided, together with an overview of its clinical manifestations and spread, as well as the corresponding laboratory diagnostic methods and methods of prevention.
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Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome
Veselý, Vojtěch ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Case report of physiotherapy care for patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Objective: Summary of theoretical knowledge and the processing of case report of patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Abstract: This thesis consists of two parts. The general part contains a survey of the problems of Guillain-Barre syndrome as a clinical manifestation of a undergone Lyme borreliosis. The largest area is devoted to the pathogenesis, diagnosis and subsequent treatment of disease called Guillain-Barre syndrome. A special section is devoted to case report and determination of the patient's plan of physiotherapy. The main aim of therapy was verticalization of patient into standing position with a view to return to normal life as before the illness. Case report was worked out on the patient's neurological department of the Regional Hospital Kladno a. s. at the time of continuous bachelor practice 9. 1. - 1. 2. 2012. Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, Lyme borreliosis, case report, physiotherapy, peripheral polyradiculoneuritis.
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Serological evidence of Lyme borreliosis
NOVÁKOVÁ, Iveta
This bachelor thesis deals with Lyme borreliosis (Lyme disease). Lyme disease has a worldwide distribution. It is caused by several species of the Borrelia bacteria that vary according to geographic occurrence. In our country, this disease is transmitted, above all, by hard ticks of the genus Ixodes ricinus (Other genera are prevalent in other parts of the world.). These ticks are present in a wet environment, e.g. in the woods or in high grass. This poses a higher risk for people who stay or work in similar sites; i.e. lumberjacks, but also for children who spend their free time in the great outdoors. According to symptoms Lyme disease can be divided into three stages: stage 1 is called early localized Lyme borreliosis, stage 2 is called early disseminated Lyme disease, and stage 3 is called late disseminated, or persistent Lyme disease. The most frequently reported typical early sign is a rash called erythema migrans (EM). EM is an oval reddish skin eruption created at the site of the tick bite; this skin condition may gradually disappear. Other symptoms are: borrelial lymphocytoma, conjunctivitis, neuroborreliosis, Lyme carditis, etc. Therefore, generally recommended preventive measures should be used before each trip to an area infested with ticks in order to avoid contact with the ticks. Lyme disease is treated with antibiotics that are administered to a patient upon confirmation of the disease. As a rule the following antibiotics are prescribed: cephalosporin, macrolide, tetracycline or penicillin, depending on at what stage of the disease medication is prescribed and whether the patient shows typical Lyme disease symptoms. Laboratory diagnostics of Lyme disease relies on direct and indirect methods. The direct methods include: cultivation of Borrelia, hybridization, immunoelectron microscopy, and the PCR method (polymerase chain reaction) applied to prove the presence of borrelial DNA. Of all the methods, PCR is most often the method of choice. The indirect diagnostic methods are: indirect immunofluorescence, Western blot (WB) and ELISA tests (enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay). These methods are used mainly to establish specific antibodies of the class IgM and IgG. The aim of this thesis was to analyze patients' samples for the presence of Lyme disease by means of the ELISA test and the Western blot, to test these methods, and to evaluate their results. The individual samples of serums, liquors and punctuates to be analyzed were provided by the Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, specifically by the Department of Serology and Parasitology. The samples must be diluted before examination. The method ELISA involved the use of a device manufactured by Dynex, DSX (an automated ELISA system). This device determines IgM and IgG antibodies in samples and facilitates analysis of up to 96 patient samples during a single measurement. The author of this thesis used this opportunity to try the manual determination of the ELISA test whose use is rather infrequent, especially in situations where a large number of samples need analyzing. The further examination of the IgM and IgG antibodies was accomplished with a Western blot, specifically by means of a commercial set for manual determination. The author applied the ELISA test to a total of 90 samples in the IgM class. 4 samples were borderline and 4 were positive. The same method was used to analyze the same 90 samples in the IgG class where 4 samples were positive. The Western blot method was used to examine 98 samples. The IgM class was borderline in 5 samples and positive in 18 samples. The IgG class was borderline in 5 samples and positive in 30 samples. Following laboratory examination the results of serological tests and clinical symptoms must be considered by a physician who suggests a suitable method to prove Lyme disease and exclude others.
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