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Righteous Tamar: Exegesis and Interpretation of Genesis 38
Macek, Jan ; Prudký, Martin (advisor) ; Čapek, Filip (referee)
The subject of this thesis is an exegetical study on chapter thirty-eight of the book Genesis; a narrative of the story about Judah and Tamar. The thesis begins with a critical analysis of the original Hebrew text. In the second section, a critical examination of the text is undertaken using synchronous and diachronous methods, followed by a verse-by-verse commentary which includes three excursuses. The first excursus discusses levirate marriage. The second is concerned with Hebrew word הקדש and with its meaning and translation. The theme of the third excursus is the understanding of righteousness as social solidarity in the Old Testament. Subsequently, in the final section of the thesis, the reception of Genesis 38 in the Old and New Testaments is considered. Furthermore, four examples of reception and interpretation throughout Christian history are presented: The Book of Jubilees, Commentary on Genesis by Ephrem the Syrian, Martin Luther's Lectures on Genesis and an interpretation by Dorothee Sölle as an example of feminism and liberation theology. Lastly, to conclude, the application of the story is proposed, which could serve as a starting point for subsequent theological work.
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The Tel Arad Sanctuary in the Light of New Archaeological Evidence. The Latest Cultic Findings form the Kingdom of Judah.
Moulis, David Rafael ; Čapek, Filip (advisor) ; Charvát, Petr (referee) ; Chalupa, Petr (referee)
The presented thesis focuses on the comparison of the Tel Arad sanctuary with other Judean archeological sites (Beersheba, Lachish, Khirbet Qeiyafa, Tel Moza, Tel Halif), where an archaeological evidence of cultic places from the Iron Age IIa-b was found. A realistic reconstruction of the Arad and the Judean cults in the light of the latest findings was possible only after a research of epigraphic materials from Kuntillet Ajrud, Khirbet el-Qom and Khirbet Beit Lei. The thesis also analyzes the smaller cultic artefacts which are connected to the popular religion. The first evidence of the Judean cult dates back to the late 11th or early 10th century B.C.E. and was found in Khirbet Qeiyafa. Nevertheless, most of the findings are from the official legitimate and illegitimate cultic sites of the 8th century B.C.E. In the end, they were canceled by different rendition (e.g. they were abandoned, dismantled or buried under the layer of earthen fill). Many of the archaeological sites are still under excavation, which means, that the collection of the material culture is going to be larger and significantly more varied. We can use these artifacts to reconstruct and understand ancient Judean cult. There is a high possibility that the new future findings will challenge original theories from the last decades....
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