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Dynamic metabolomic prediction based on genetic variation for Hordeum vulgare
Nemčeková, P. ; Schwarzerová, J.
Hordeum vulgare, like many other crops, suffers from the reduction of genetic diversity caused by climate changes. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the performance of its breeding. Nowadays, the area of interest in current research focuses on indirect selection methods based on computational prediction modeling. This study deals with dynamic metabolomic prediction based on genomic data consisting of 33,005 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Metabolomic data include 128 metabolites belonging to 25 Halle exotic barley families. The main goal of this study is creating dynamic metabolomic predictions using different approaches chosen upon various publications. Our created models will be helpful for the prediction of phenotype or for revealing important traits of Hordeum vulgare.
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Posttranslační modifikace proteinů a jejich role v klíčení rostlin
Berka, Miroslav
Protein posttranslational modification represents a complex extension of proteome diversity and provides a transcription-independent control of cellular processes. This thesis "Protein posttranslational modifications and their role in seed germination" briefly reviews major posttranslational modifications, highlights the role of protein phosphorylation in plant regulatory circuits, and summarises enrichment techniques that are employed in phosphoproteomics. The experimental part describes the development and optimisation of methods that can be utilised in a monitoring of protein posttranslational modifications during barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seed germination, including a tissue fractionation, proteome equalisation and peptide fractionation techniques. Finally, these methods were employed in an analysis of hydrogen peroxide effect on seed germination. In total, over 1,400 proteins were identified in individual fractions, quantitative profiles were established for more than 881 (~60%) and the validated differentially abundant proteins could indicate a potential mechanism behind the peroxide stimulatory effect. Peptides that would correspond to the identified seed phosphoproteins were mostly inaccessible in this experiment and would require optimised targeted analysis.
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Abiotické a biotické faktory ovlivňující klíčení rostlin
Berka, Miroslav
Seed germination and early plant development is a crucial phase of plants' life. Multiple internal and external stimuli influence germination progress and have a serious impact on a plant's survival and vitality. Biotic and abiotic stimuli trigger a whole range of changes, both on molecular and developmental levels, but the complex molecular mechanisms regulating these responses are far from being resolved. This thesis reviews the seed germination process and outlines the role of external stimuli in its progress. The experimental part describes the development of a method for seed germination monitoring, provides new insight into the role of hydrogen peroxide in germination, and analyzes effects of cadmium ions, temperature, salt and drought on proteome and metabolome of germinating seeds of Hordeum vulgare. In total, 2000 proteins and 800 metabolites were identified. The analyses revealed over 95 putative abiotic stress markers, including 63 and 36 proteins and metabolites, respectively
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Evaluation of storage protein profiles modifications in barley (\kur{Hordeum vulgare} L.) grains during malting procedure using gel electrophoresis
BINDER, Richard
This bachelor thesis is focused on evaluation of storage protein profiles modifications in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grains during malting procedure using gel electrophoresis. It has been analyzed three varieties of spring barley. One nonmalting variety Herris and two malting varieties Radegast and Sebastien. There are significant proteolysis changes during the malting procedure. Theese changes of storage proteins were captured and evaluated by gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) on the basis of changes in the molecular weight in the different phases of malting procedure. Next observation which has been done was the measurement of the thousand grain weight (TGW) before and after the malting procedure. Theese results have been evaluated by statistic program.
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