|
|
Ab initio calculations of the phase stability in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys
Pongrácz, Jakub ; Šesták, Petr (referee) ; Zelený, Martin (advisor)
This thesis deals with theoretical study of magnetic shape memory alloy based on Ni2MnGa with help of ab initio calculations of electronic structure within the projector augmented wave method. In particular the effect of Co- and Cu-doping is studied on total-energy profile along the tetragonal deformation path between austenite phase with cubic L21 structure and phase of nonmodulated martensite. Obtained results are used for estimation of doping influence on martensitic transformation temperature. Transformation temperature increases in the alloy doped by 3.125 at. % of copper instead of gallium whereas transformation temperature decreases in the alloy doped by 3.125 at. % of cobalt instead of nickel. If both type of doping are used the transformation temperature increases slightly because the effect of copper is stronger. Comparison of results from this work with available results obtained with help of the coherent potential approximation shows that a local lattice distortion around doping atom has negligible effect on studied properties.
|
|
|
Observation of twin boundaries in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys
Čech, Jan ; Jan, Vít (referee) ; Zelený, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on observation of twin boundaries in a magnetic shape memory alloy based on Ni2MnGa with 10M martensitic structure. Theoretical part of the thesis describes materials with shape memory effect, their response on mechanical or magnetic loading, phenomenon of twinning, which is closely connected to the shape memory effect, and various levels of twinning. Experimental part studies different types of twin boundaries in monocrystal of alloy Ni49.2Mn30.4Ga20.4 using optical and electron microscopy. The thesis also deals with detection of structural orientations in different twin variants. A holder of samples was designed and constructed for real time observation of twin-boundary movement by optical microscopy. Deformation by pressure shows, that stress necessary for movement of Type II twin boundaries is ~0.2 MPa, whereas it is ~0.6 MPa for movement of Type I.
|
|
|
Magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Ni-Mn-Ga-Co-Cu martensite
Rameš, Michal ; Straka, Ladislav ; Sozinov, A. ; Heczko, Oleg
The martensites of Heusler alloys based on Ni-Mn-Ga exhibit magnetically-induced reorientation resulting in giant field-induced strain. Up to 12% strain was observed in Ni-Mn-Ga-Co-Cu with 4 at.% of Co and Cu. The driving force of the phenomenon is the magnetocrystalline anisotropy. We studied evolution of the anisotropy with temperature and compositions using magnetiyation curve measurements in four different single crystalline Ni-Mn-Ga-Co-Cu and compared with non-doped Ni-Mn-Ga. The anisotropy of martensite decreases with increasing average doping (Co+Cu)/2 but it does not scale with tetragonal ratio or valence electron concentration.
|
|
|
Martensite microstructures in thin films and monocrystals of Heusler alloys Ni-Mn-Ga
Onderková, Kristýna ; Heczko, Oleg (advisor) ; Kopeček, Jaromír (referee)
Title: Martensite microstructures in thin films and monocrystals of Heusler alloys Ni-Mn-Ga Author: Kristýna Onderková Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: Mgr. Ing. Oleg Heczko, Dr., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: The submitted thesis examines mainly the first thin films from Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloy prepared by magnetron sputtering on the new equipment at Institute of Physics of Charles University. However, the work also analysed the thin films prepared in IFW Dresden and bulk material. The main focus of the work is primarily on the martensitic microstructures, because of the significant effect that their twin boundaries have on the magnetic shape memory phenomena. Microscopic techniques used for the research were mainly Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), but also Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). As the Ni-Mn-Ga properties are stronly dependent on chemical composition, the composition was evaluated by two different methods (Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-ray Fluorescence) and observed differences discussed. Finally the results were compared with X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and the films were further characterised by magnetic measurements using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM)....
|
|
|
Rtg difrakce a difuzní rozpyl na Heuslerových slitinách
Cejpek, Petr ; Holý, Václav (advisor)
Recently, Heusler alloys are studied for their interesting magnetic and electronic properties. These properties are strongly dependent on the crystallographic struc- ture. This work deals with Heusler alloys of the A2BC type. We have powder samples and single-crystaline samples for our study as well. An object of interest was a description of crystallographic structure of the samples, site occupation numbers of each type of atoms and their possible occupation disorder. Pow- der difraction and EXAFS have been measured on the powder samples. Clasical single-crystal diffractions has been meassured on the single-crystaline samples. In the case of a modulated structure in the samples, satelite difractions have been measured too. 1
|
|
|
Study of physical properties of Heusler alloys
Beran, Lukáš ; Veis, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis is devoted to systematic study of structural trans- formations of Heusler alloys by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry and magneto-optical spectroscopy. Structural transformations in these alloys are induced by different microscopic mechanisms. Obtained experimental results were confronted with theoretical calculations. This allowed the discussion of obtained results and suggestion of their interpretation. In the case of Co- Fe-Si alloys, changes in optical and magneto-optical properties with change of Co-Fe ratio were observer. This was explained by lowering of the gap for minority spins with increasing Fe concentrations. Temperature dependent optical and magneto-optical properties of Ni-Mn-Ga alloy showed the pres- ence of so-called Martensitic transformation from cubic to tetragonal phase. A study of Mn-Rh-Co-Sn alloys did not show a clear dependence of physical properties upon the concentration of Rh and Mn. This was explained by strong strain inside the samples, which distorted obtained results. 1
|
|
|
Influence of Fe substitutions on tranformation temperatures in Ni2MnGa alloys
Drastichová, Kristýna ; Klicpera, Milan (advisor) ; Prchal, Jiří (referee)
In this bachelor thesis we are interested in studying the properties of Ni2MnGa alloy and their development with the other element substitution, for example with iron. Overally, we were studying five samples with four different compositions described by the formula Ni50Mn 25Ga25-xFex where the concentration of iron was in the interval . Consequently we performed on the prepared single crystals an extensive characterization by the methods of x-ray and electron diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and dilatometry. Special emphasis was devoted to measuring the magnetization with vibrational magnetometer. The obtained data enabled us to confirm the quality of the prepared single crystals and to observe a development of Ni2MnGa properties, especially the temperatures of the phase transformations.
|
|
|
Martensite microstructures in thin films and monocrystals of Heusler alloys Ni-Mn-Ga
Onderková, Kristýna ; Heczko, Oleg (advisor) ; Kopeček, Jaromír (referee)
Title: Martensite microstructures in thin films and monocrystals of Heusler alloys Ni-Mn-Ga Author: Kristýna Onderková Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: Mgr. Ing. Oleg Heczko, Dr., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Abstract: The submitted thesis examines mainly the first thin films from Ni-Mn-Ga Heusler alloy prepared by magnetron sputtering on the new equipment at Institute of Physics of Charles University. However, the work also analysed the thin films prepared in IFW Dresden and bulk material. The main focus of the work is primarily on the martensitic microstructures, because of the significant effect that their twin boundaries have on the magnetic shape memory phenomena. Microscopic techniques used for the research were mainly Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), but also Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). As the Ni-Mn-Ga properties are stronly dependent on chemical composition, the composition was evaluated by two different methods (Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and X-ray Fluorescence) and observed differences discussed. Finally the results were compared with X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements and the films were further characterised by magnetic measurements using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM)....
|
|
|
Tuning the crystal growth condition of Ni50Mn28.5Ga21.5 magnetic shape memory alloy
Maruška, Jakub ; Uhlířová, Klára (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
Ni2MnGa as representative of magnetic memory shape alloys is gaining popularity in recent years as promising smart material. Most interesting phenomena are observable in single crystals near the martensitic transition temperatures. The strong dependence of its properties on composition is very important for future applications. In order to study its properties, good single crystal with room temperature martensitic transition is desirable. This thesis is focused on tuning growth of crystal in optical floating zone furnace and measuring transition temperatures. To that end multiple specimen with different composition were prepared and their composition and crystalline structure studied by EDS and Laue diffraction. Transitions were studied by magnetisation, calorimetry and dilatometry measurements.
|
|
|
Study of physical properties of Heusler alloys
Beran, Lukáš ; Veis, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis is devoted to systematic study of structural trans- formations of Heusler alloys by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry and magneto-optical spectroscopy. Structural transformations in these alloys are induced by different microscopic mechanisms. Obtained experimental results were confronted with theoretical calculations. This allowed the discussion of obtained results and suggestion of their interpretation. In the case of Co- Fe-Si alloys, changes in optical and magneto-optical properties with change of Co-Fe ratio were observer. This was explained by lowering of the gap for minority spins with increasing Fe concentrations. Temperature dependent optical and magneto-optical properties of Ni-Mn-Ga alloy showed the pres- ence of so-called Martensitic transformation from cubic to tetragonal phase. A study of Mn-Rh-Co-Sn alloys did not show a clear dependence of physical properties upon the concentration of Rh and Mn. This was explained by strong strain inside the samples, which distorted obtained results. 1
|
guest ::
