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Comparing milking equipment in parlor and in operation with milking robot
MONDEK, Jan
This bachelor thesis deals with the technice and technology used for obtaining of milk. The first theoretical part describes basic important operations during milking and summary of the techniques and technologies. The sekond part of the thesis contains comparing of electrical consumption in parlor and electrical consumption in milking robot.
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Selected welfare parameters of milk cows in relation to milking by a robot.
PRŮŠA, Jan
The aim of this work was to gather and evaluate the evidence about the behaviour of dairy cows during the milking by a robot (including physiological reactions running after the milking). The following parameters were observed: number of milking per 24 hours, the time from onset to the robot and the teat cup deployment, the time between milking, the total time of milking, milk yield with each milking, average and total milk yield per day. The results were measured separately in heifers and in cows on the second and subsequent lactations. In the same time, there was also observed the behaviour of cows after leaving the milking robot - feed and water intake, physical activity and the rest for the time of 30 minutes after the milking. Simultaneously, there was also observed the effect of milking technology for the health of the cows, focused on diseases of the mammary gland. There were three ethologic observations which always lasted 24 hours. In addition to the observed data, there were evaluated the data records obtained from the milking machine (e. g. milk yield per one milking, the interval between single milkings, etc.). There were observed an average of 60 pieces of cows. Throughout the watching the cows in the barn behaved calmly and contentedly. They came to the milking machine spontaneously, only a few cases had to be herded for milking by the caregiver. However, they were all the heifers which did not have the sufficient experience with the milking. The counting of teat cup deployment attempts had to be abandoned because of the close proximity of the observer at the milking robot. In this case, the cows were not quiet and did not want to go in the robot spontaneously. The mammary gland disease was diagnosed at an average of 6.9 pieces of milked cows per one month. This high number of cases is ascribed to a poor hygiene of the stables and a poorer quality of feeding. This work was created in cooperation with the grants NAZV QJ1210144 and NAZV QJ1530058.
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Evaluation of proposed investment feasibility in animal production.
JENŠÍ, Lukáš
The thesis is focused on the design of the milking robot in a company with herringbone milking parlors and a 220ks cows. The theoretical part describes the milking robots and selecting the most suitable. Custom work includes comparing herringbone milking parlors and milking robot and further economic evaluation and investment evaluation. The essay is based on data from the farm and the data sent from the producers milking robots.
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Influence of various systems on housing and breeding of dairy cattle
DUBOVÁ, Dagmar
The trend in development of new technologies and machinery in the area of agriculture and animal husbandry shows an increasing number of robotized operations. Such trend mostly appears in dairy cattle breeding, which has its logical explanation due to the fact that high ratio of human labour in milk production is more than obvious. The basic prerequisite for a successful utilization of milking robotic systems is to provide dairy cattle with sufficient quantity of top quality food and water as well as to ensure their welfare. The aim of the bachelor?s work was to compare the influence of both stanchion housing using a milking pipeline method and loose housing with robotic milking system on basic categories of dairy cattle behaviour, milk efficiency and reproduction. The observation itself was executed in each housing system for the period of 24 hours, during which an interval method with a ten-minute interval mode was used. Basic life activity of dairy cattle such as: feed intake, standing, lying and movement were monitored. All data were collected and assessed under running conditions on a private dairy farm owned by Václav Dub in Boubín near Horažďovice. The task was carried out in a reconstructed housing, where both systems are in operation. During the day, the dairy cattle remained mostly in a lying position, from which 50,33 % were kept in stanchion housing and 49,54 % in loose housing. When being housed in a standing position, 23,78 % of the dairy cattle paid attention to feeding and 27,05 % of dairy cattle were robotically milked. Standing position represented 25,89 % in stanchion housing and 19,31 % in loose housing. The movement was only monitored with dairy cattle housed in free housing representing 4,1 %. After the milk efficiency was assessed, there were some statistically significant differences (P?0,001) found in milked milk as well as in a kilogram of protein. With respect to reproduction, the length of the insemination interval was recorded showing 129 days when being stanchion housed and 95 days when loose housed. The length of the service period of dairy cattle in stanchion housing was 144 days while dairy cattle milked robotically showed the length of 109 days. All in all, it was proved that a free movement has a positive influence on the milk efficiency, fertility as well as the welfare of dairy cattle.
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Analysis of milk efficiency dairy cows milked with robot
VRBOVÁ, Aneta
The deficit of educated specialists and patient dairyman had caused that robots are used also in agriculture - livestock production, rather in milking. Inventors of this new technology were the Dutch, who have put in the year 1992 the first automatic milking system (AMS) into operation. The aim of bachelor work was to analyze levels of milk efficiency of holstein cattle, milked with automatic milking systems. The observation of dairy cows holstein cattle herd took place during the year 2009 in a family farm Basík a syn. The farm is situated 6 km east of Tábor. There were observed 64 dairy cows and their share cross (62 H1 a 2 H3). Microsoft Excel has been used for processing the data. By evaluation of milk efficiency it has been discovered, that the group of dairy cows on the 1. lactation had the milk efficiency of 9,635 kg M. Dairy cows on the 2. lactation had milking efficiency of 14,329 kg M. Cows on the 3. and following lactation reached milking efficiency of 13,012 kg M. By the evaluation of number of visits of the AMS with regard to the sequence of lactation it has been discovered, that the average number of successful visits of the AMS in the herd by the cattle on the 1. lactation was 2.6 per a day. Number of unsuccessful visits of the AMS by cattle on the 1. lactation was 0.07 per a day. Average number of milking of cattle on the 2. lactation was 2.9 per a day. Average number of unsuccessful visits by this group of animals was 0.04. The AMS turned down cattle on the 2. lactation once a day on the average. Cattle on the 3. and following lactation were milking 2.7 per a day, number of rejection was 1.5. Number of unsuccessful milking by this group of cattle was very small, only 0.03 per a day.
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Effect of robotic milking on the behavior of breeding cows
BLÁHOVÁ, Lucie
With increasing consumption of milk and milk products, there were increased number of dairy cattle, but the increase of demand for dairy cows and thus to changes in technology and technique of milking, which would increase milk production, productivity, and improve the welfare of dairy cows. An efficient solution could be milking robots. The first robot was placed on a farm in the Netherlands in 1992. The introduction of robotic milking on agricultural farms in the Czech Republic began in 2003 when the main reason was a shortage of skilled manpower that would be willing to work in harsh working and sanitary conditions. The thesis aim was to assess the effect of milking by the milking robot on the behavior of breeding cows throughout the day in relation to milk yield and fertility in relation to lactation and genotypic classification (H100, HxC, C100). The behavioral monitoring was carried out in dairy farms Brloh (milking by milking robots) and Haklových Dvorech - the control group (in the milking house) in the period from August 2009 to January 2010. The data processing was done with using the Microsoft Excel program. For the evaluation of all parameters were observed in herds calculated basic statistics. Differences disappear individual indicators were evaluated single-factor analysis of variance. The first monitoring of the findings in cattle reproductive performance was the terms of genotype. The values were found favorable for fertility groups HxC in the both stables. Length insemination interval reached 69.1 days in ZD Brloh (compared to 110.1 of the ŠZP Haklovy Dvory), length of service period of 110.8 (vs. 142.9 days). In the meantime, the length (due to differences in the number of animals in the group) was a length of 409.5 versus 438.5 in the group of breeding cows milked in a milking house (ŠZP Haklovy dvory). Further indicators of fertility were evaluated in terms of lactation. The longest length of service period was recorded at 1st lactation in ŠZP Haklovy Dvory were 176 days. The shortest service period was found at the 3rd and subsequent lactations of 133.5 days. Insemination interval, indicating the search of breeding cows, which were in a rutting season, was roughly the same at all lactation ZD Brloh (range 72.7 to 78.2 days) for the ŠZP Haklovy Dvory was the longest period of time to 2 lactation (118.9 days). In terms of breeding cows for milk yield for each lactation cows achieve greater results in the production company with robotic milking (100 days - 3539.1 kg, 200 days - 6727.5 kg of milk 305 days - 9602.9 kg of milk). Compared to the control group, where a 100 days lactation cows milked 3240.06 kg of milk 200 days produced 5433 kg to 305 of milk and 5327.18 kg of milk daily. The behavioral surveillance in both companies was carried out for 24 hours using the interval method with a 10 minutes interval period. The largest part of the day the cows were lying. The second largest dairy operations were the category of standing, which represented the average length of 6.05 hours in ZD Brloh. In the ŠZP Haklovy Dvory was the time period 5.71 hours. The significant period between groups is also the time of feeding, which in the system with the milking in milking house is much shorter by 1.79 hours and it taken 3.71 hours. The length of the movement was in the milking house more than half the size shorter and was 0.32 hours. Also, the length of staying in the milking house was about half shorter and it was 0.22 hours.
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The use of milking robots for milking Holstein cows
BARTŮŇKOVÁ, Ilona
Abstract Robotics technology has been already spread in agriculture especially into livestock production mainly in milking process. The aim of this thesis was comparison of the production results of Holstein cows housed in different conditions. The first group of monitored cows was housed in a loos housing with free strawed stalls and milked at milking parlour. The other group was housed in a reconstructed loos housing with free rubber mattressed stalls and milked with milking robots. There were analysed reproduction parameters and milk efficiency and compared technologic and labour intensity. Data were collected and evaluated in 2010. As reproductive factors in a group of selected cows (31 animals respectively 34 animals) were analysed the length of service period and length of the interval between calving. Service period of cows milked in the milking parlour was for the first lactation cows 94.8 days and for the second lactation 100.3 days, the average length of the interval between calving was 374.6 days. By the second group of cows milked by robots were the length of service period 88.3 days for first lactation cows and for second lactation cows 112.5 days, the interval between calving 373.2 days. By analysing milk production were found out statistically significant differences (P ? 0.001) in amount of produced milk. Both lactation cows milked by milking robots reached higher yield. On the first lactation was increases of 2169.7 kg of milk with an average yield 9130.2 kg of milk. The second lactation cows increased milk yield to 10,555.2 kg of milk, which was 1998.6 kg of milk more in comparison with the amount of milk produced by cows milked at the parlour. In the fat and protein content weren?t found out statistically significant differences between groups. After robot milking was introduced the number of cows per one employee were increase from 32.9 pc to 41.1 pc. The average number of milking per head and the day increased from 2 to 2.3 (some cows are milked 6 times in 24 hours, but it depends on the cow milk production and part of the lactation).
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The Exploitation of Functional Capacity of Robotic Milking Machines in System of Free Moving Animals.
REICHOVÁ, Sandra
The aim of the thesis was to assess objectively the exploitation of the functional capacity of milking machines in the system of free moving animals. There were data coming from seven agricultural companies analysed in the thesis. The data collection took place from January to November 2009. We were provided with the preliminary data by the individual farms taking part in a programme called T4C. The information on problematic dairy cows comes directly from their breeders. The average production of the dairy cows was the first assessed criterion. The highest production (28.79kg) was achieved by little private agricultural companies. The lowest production (25.22kg) was ascertained in middle-sized companies. As far as the breed of dairy cows is concerned, the Holstein dairy cows gave the highest possible amount of milk (40.43; 30.16 a 27.01 kg). The CRV Fleckvieh cattle dairy cows gave the lowest possible amount of milk (24.83; 21.04 a 22.74 kg). The assessment of the number of milking by means of the robotic milking system represents the next criterion. Little private agricultural companies showed the highest frequency of milking (140.88). Whereas the big agricultural companies showed the lowest frequency of milking (119.28). Mostly the Holstein dairy cows were milked by the robotic milking machines (130.34). On the other hand, the CRV Fleckvieh cattle dairy cows were milked least by the robotic milking machines by contrast (107.94). The middle-sized agricultural companies achieved the highest number of milking per dairy cow, per day (2.47). The little private agricultural companies proved the lowest number of milking per dairy cow (2.34). The mixed herds of the Holsteins and CRV Fleckviehs proved the rate of 2.47. The Holstein dairy cows showed the milking frequency 2.45 per day while the CRV Fleckvieh dairy cows 2.32. The dairy cows from the big agricultural companies went to be milked by the robotic milking machine most frequently from the point of view of willingness, what follows is that these dairy cows showed the highest number of refusals per one milking (2.19). The lowest values of this criterion were shown in little private agricultural companies (1.10). With reference to the breed, the values of this indicator proved the lowest number of refusals (1.85) whereas the CRV Fleckviehs showed the highest number of refusals (2.25). The exploitation of the time capacity has been proven as the most effective one - 78.61% in little private agricultural companies. Whereas the lowest time exploitation has been proven in big agricultural companies - 68.11%. As far as the cow breed is concerned, it was ascertained that the Holstein dairy cows were milked longest -73.21%. On the other hand the CRV Fleckviehs were milked shortest - 63.17%. The highest amount of the dairy cows that needed to by accompanied to the robotic milking machine was recorded in big agricultural companies - 20.1%. Remarkably lower number of problematic cows was ascertained in middle-sized agricultural companies - 9.7%. The number of problematic cows in little private agricultural companies proved to be similar to the number in middle-sized agricultural companies 9.3%. It was ascertained that the most problematic dairy cows came from the mixed herds - 18.7%. The CRV Fleckviehs were the least problematic - 8.8%.
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