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CORPORATE DEAD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Makovský, Zdeněk ; Tetřevová, Liběna (advisor)
The presented doctoral thesis deals with the problems of the corporate dead capital management in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The dramatic development of the financial markets in the recent years, related mainly to the development of communications technologies and to globalization, enabled Czech companies to make easy use of the capital markets to up-value their momentarily surplus dead capital. The reason why Czech companies have not used this possibility so much so far is partly the tradition of using banking institutions, partly the historically not very developed Czech financial market, and last but not least the worries about the risk of money depreciation. This thesis deals with the optimal portfolio creation methods in the conditions of the Prague Stock Exchange, including the risk management. The theoretical part of the thesis analyses the individual segments of the financial and capital markets from different points of view and it also analyses the dead capital management risks. An independent chapter is dedicated to the stock exchange indices as prospective underlying assets for financial derivatives. The chapter then analyses the structure of PX index, which includes the most liquid Czech shares. The thesis pays substantial attention to the legal and economic analyses of the financial derivatives as possible instruments, alternatively utilizable for appreciation of the dead capital. Financial derivatives do not necessarily represent a considerably higher risk for the company than using other financial instruments if their usage is accompanied by suitable risk mitigation methods. The view of financial derivatives as a game of hazard is analysed separately. This analysis aims to avoid potential legal complications that could be connected with financial derivatives. The closing section of the theoretical part describes the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and then it extends and modifies it for the conditions of the Prague Stock Exchange. The practical part of the thesis describes the methods of creating the optimal portfolio, which might help the company appreciate the dead capital. The procedures of creating the portfolio are verified on particular titles, including the possibility of using a financial derivative and comparison of both approaches. The conclusion outlines the prospective development of the Czech capital market.
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Hedge accounting under IFRS
Lunga, Jakub ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Procházka, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis concerns hedge accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards. For a better understanding of the issues of the given topic, the more complex numeric and accounting procedures are accompanied by practical examples. Part of this bachelor's work involves a study of the financial reports of companies which are quoted at the Prague stock exchange. This was done with the aim to determine the concentration of hedge accounting used by these companies as well as the type of hedging relationship used, the kind of risk to be hedged, and what hedging instruments were employed.
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Causes of the formation of bubbles in financial markets, Ant model
Kuncman, Lukáš ; Soukup, Alexandr (advisor) ; Otakar, Otakar (referee)
The thesis deals with bubbles in financial markets, causes these bubbles and the ant model. The aim is to reveal the causes of bubbles in financial markets. Researched bubbles are dot-com, mortgages and crypto-currencies. In the first teoretical part are described the financial markets, investment instruments, theory of the business cycle, investment analysis and historical speculative bubbles. In the second practical part are identified the causes examined speculative bubbles. In the third part are summarized the results of the practical part.
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Stock market
Klusák, Michael ; Grosz, Jan (advisor) ; Kudlík, Michal (referee)
This bachelor work is devoted to the stock markets in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on the definition of basic theoretical concepts of the stock market. It contains the definition of securities, such as stocks, bonds, bills and checks. Characterized by stock exchanges and stock market players. Systematise stock exchanges according to their focus. Defines the types of exchange trading systems. Practical part characterizes the basic features of the Prague Stock Exchange, a. s. and the RM-SYSTEM Czech Stock Exchange and is incorporated herein development of selected shares on these exchanges.
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CORPORATE DEAD CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Makovský, Zdeněk ; Tetřevová, Liběna (advisor)
The presented doctoral thesis deals with the problems of the corporate dead capital management in the conditions of the Czech Republic. The dramatic development of the financial markets in the recent years, related mainly to the development of communications technologies and to globalization, enabled Czech companies to make easy use of the capital markets to up-value their momentarily surplus dead capital. The reason why Czech companies have not used this possibility so much so far is partly the tradition of using banking institutions, partly the historically not very developed Czech financial market, and last but not least the worries about the risk of money depreciation. This thesis deals with the optimal portfolio creation methods in the conditions of the Prague Stock Exchange, including the risk management. The theoretical part of the thesis analyses the individual segments of the financial and capital markets from different points of view and it also analyses the dead capital management risks. An independent chapter is dedicated to the stock exchange indices as prospective underlying assets for financial derivatives. The chapter then analyses the structure of PX index, which includes the most liquid Czech shares. The thesis pays substantial attention to the legal and economic analyses of the financial derivatives as possible instruments, alternatively utilizable for appreciation of the dead capital. Financial derivatives do not necessarily represent a considerably higher risk for the company than using other financial instruments if their usage is accompanied by suitable risk mitigation methods. The view of financial derivatives as a game of hazard is analysed separately. This analysis aims to avoid potential legal complications that could be connected with financial derivatives. The closing section of the theoretical part describes the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and then it extends and modifies it for the conditions of the Prague Stock Exchange. The practical part of the thesis describes the methods of creating the optimal portfolio, which might help the company appreciate the dead capital. The procedures of creating the portfolio are verified on particular titles, including the possibility of using a financial derivative and comparison of both approaches. The conclusion outlines the prospective development of the Czech capital market.
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Using derivatives to manage foreign exchange rate risk
Pham Thi Huong, Ly ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Dohányos, Vojtech (referee)
The aim of my bacholor thesis is to characterize derivatives as a tool used to manage exchange rate risk. Derivatives allow not only reduce the risk from fluctuations of the exchange rate, but also offer the opportunity to achieve profits, because their characteristic feature is the effect of leverage, when with a small capital you can achieve impressive gains. But it is also associated with risks. In order to avoid possible loss, it is necessary their thorough knowledge. Therefore, I wanted to describe the main characteristics of various derivative instruments and their advantages and disadvantages in providing foreign exchange risks. In the practical part I dealt with the export company that is exposed to transaction and economic exposure resulting from business activities abroad. To reduce the transaction positions in the company, I just use financial derivatives, which appear to be appropriate tools for short-term volatility of exchange rate. The company faces the economic foreign exchange position, when there is the the long-term rate fluctuations, which affects its competitiveness not only at foreign but also domestic markets. In conclusion, I have indicated possible ways to reduce it.
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Derivatives and hege accounting
Klíma, Ondřej ; Zelenka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vašek, Libor (referee)
Main objective of this paper is to outline the use of derivative instruments for elimination of entity's risks with option of using so called hedge accounting. It uses international financial reporting standards (IFRS) as base, because it is the main "force" in this area nowadays and these standards are more or less used in national accounting standards as well. Core of this paper is identification of most used derivatives (types,frame,use) with a hint how to book them with application of hedge accounting. According to IFRS, there is also a need to test the effectiveness of the hedging using different methods. However, methods which should be used to test effectiveness of hedging are not specified so in the text you can find primary, most preferred methods with practical examples.
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Principles of trading on betting exchanges
Karásek, Michal ; Málek, Jiří (advisor) ; Moravec, Lukáš (referee)
Unlike traditional stock exchanges, where bonds, shares and financial derivatives are traded, on the betting exchanges there are traded probabilistic estimates of the results of sporting or social events. The market price of bets, namely the market implied probability is influenced by estimate of the outcome. The specificity of betting exchanges is also a short period to maturity of contracts, and the possibility to trade with the estimated result of one real world event in several sub-markets simultaneously. In theoretical analysis, we have defined the bet, the underlying asset, and the binary betting contract, which is traded on betting exchanges. We have described some practical aspects of trading. Properties of the probabilistic contracts are demonstrated on several examples. Finally, we constructed the mathematical model of a tennis match, which is based on a binomial valuation model. This allows us to compare the market price of a contract with the price recommended by the model.
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Vykazování derivátů sjednaných za účelem zajištění ve výrobním podniku
Juřenová, Eva ; Zelenka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bálka, Stanislav (referee)
Cílem práce je zdokumentovat aktuální aspekty vykazování derivátů v českých nefinančních podnicích se zaměřením na zajišťování měnového a úrokového rizika. Jádrem práce je analýza relevantních českých účetních předpisů, jakož i mezinárodního systému IAS/IFRS. Práce uvádí dvě základní varianty účtování derivátů: účetnictví derivátů k obchodování a tzv. zajišťovací účetnictví, jakožto metodu eliminující dopad zajišťovacích a zajištěných položek do hospodářského výsledku. V textu jsou popsány tři druhy zajišťovacího účetnictví: metoda reálné hodnoty, metoda zajištění peněžních toků a metoda zajištění čisté investice spojené s cizoměnovými účastmi s rozhodujícím nebo podstatným vlivem. Teorie je aplikována na reálné příklady z konkrétního výrobního podniku.
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