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Knowledge comparison of laymen and experts about selected oil accidents
NOVÁK, Michal
Oil spills are an unfortunate part of industrial development so an active prevention is demanded. When such an event occurs, adequate measures need to be taken. The goal of the diploma thesis is to analyze law regulations, documents and information about preselected oil accidents around the world and in the Czech Republic. This thesis also evaluates the knowledge of experts and lay public in the field of oil accidents, while using preselected methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics. Following hypothesis H was chosen to achieve the adequate results of the diploma thesis: "The answers of groups of laymen and experts differ in the case of all questionnaire questions." Theoretical part of this thesis outlines the issue of oil, including general knowledge about its origin, chemical characteristics, oil extraction, processing and areas such as world oil consumption and oil logistics. Storage of oil is also a chapter contained in the theoretical part of this thesis, before it started to focus on the very core of research, oil accidents. These types of accidents were processed by using specialized documents, thanks to which relevant knowledge about individual types of oil accidents were ascertained. The research part was based on the evaluation of answers, which were collected, by using a questionnaire survey. Based on the results of the evaluated knowledge of laymen and experts in the field of oil accidents, the selected hypothesis was getting solved. A total of 105 people took part in the quantitative data collection. For lucidity, the final results are graphically portrayed. Based on the results, which were interpreted in the practical part of this thesis, hypothesis H was rejected. Based on descriptive statistics, the tables for the number of correct answers from lay people and from experts show a proximity to the normal distribution for lay people and a proximity to the Poisson distribution for experts. The diploma thesis brings theoretical and practical knowledge and the possibility to take advantage of the results, not only throughout the academic sphere. This topic also has the potential for follow-up work creation.
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Protection of residents in case of development of a major emergency associated with a leakage of dangerous chemical substance in the area of a town Klatovy
ŠILHAVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of protection of residents in case of development of a major emergency associated with a leakage of dangerous chemical substance in the area of a town Klatovy. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis describes the basic concepts that relate to the issue. There are also characterized by hazardous chemicals is incorporated herein their classification, characteristics or transport and marking. One theoretical chapter is devoted to the chemical ammonia, which is in the city is relatively widely used. The practical part shows the risks that threaten the city of Klatovy. The second part shows the results of a questionnaire survey that was conducted. The questionnaire contained 20 questions and was directed at residents of the town Klatovy. The total number of respondents who completed this questionnaire was 144. The aim of this text was to focus on the issue of leakage of dangerous chemicals substance in the area of a town Klatovy and evaluate information to citizens in case of emergencies associated with toxic chemicals. As part of the bachelor's thesis, one research question was asked: "Do the residents of the town of Klatovy have information on how to behave in the event of a leak of a dangerous chemical substance?". The set goal was fulfilled and the research question was answered. The benefit of this bachelor thesis is to obtain a summary of knowladge of residents of the town of Klatovy about how they behave and how they would proceed in an extraordinary event associated with toxic chemicals. The bachelor thesis can serve as a study material.
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Current situation of population awareness in case of leakage of dangerous substances from Momentive Specialty Chemicals Sokolov company.
MOURKOVÁ, Lada
Chemical industry is the most significant and dynamic business sphere all over the world. It is Some companies producing chemical material also this material keep in area, they using this material and it can't be excluding inception of industrial accident. These accidents have inpact on health and lives of humans, farm animals, environment quality or material damage. It is necessary to create new measures to minimize effect of dangerous chemical substances' leaks. Also for better population knowledge of leaks and effects of all chemicals that occur the area. Theme of my Bachelor's thesis '' Current situation of population's knowledge about leaks and effects of dangerous substances from Momentative Specialty Chemical Sokolo'', which I am deal with, is still actual, because of constantly increasing amounts of chemical substances around us and knowledge of human population has to be improved. In theoretical part I have occupies with bacis terms related to this theme, characteristic of dangerous chemical substances (which are prescribe by the law 350/2011 Sb.), population warning with using warning signals, notifying, pronciples of population's behaviour during chemical collision and related legislation. The aim of my work was evaluation of population knowledge conditions about leaks and effects of Propylene in the zone of emergency planning and outside the zone of emergency planning. The hypothesis of this bachelor's thesis was formulated like this: Knowledge about leaks and effects of Propylene for inhabitants living in the zone of emergency planning, will be statisticky more signifiant than knowledge of inhabitants outside the zone of emergency planning. In the second part of my thesis I have characterized selected company Momentative Specialty Chemical Sokolov its objects of business, main products and principles of production. Also Propylene as the most significant source of hazard in this company, company area characteristic, list of settlement complexes including overview of inhabitants living in this area. During investigation of population's knowledge in the zone of emergency planning and behind this area the quantitative research was perform. This research was manage by distributed questionnaire. Both of groups have been propounded with the same questionnaire. Four hundred forms have been distributed, 298 forms have returned to the source.Incorrect questionnaires have been eliminated from the study. Two hundred forms were put into the study in total, one hundred for each of population groups. Results of questionnaire research have been evaluated by graphical method, proportional method and statistical formulation has been performed. For statistical arrangement has been applied two-sided T-test to find out if the difference between examine respondent groups is statisticaly significant. In chapter ''Discussion'' individual questions and respondents' answers are consulting. Every question has been assembled by graf of numerical representation of right and wrong respondents' answers from the zone of emergency planning and behind this area. Some results are accompanied by my personal comments. In chapter "Conclusion" I have been summarized results of my study. Statistical processing shows that difference between knowledge of respondents in ZHP and outside ZHP is statisticaly more significant.By this the hypothesis has been confirmed. Also suggestions for knowledge improvement are included in this chapter. These proposals could bring more information to population, for example in education at schools in Královské Poříčí and Sokolov. Seminars and discussions could be realize not only for adults. Another option how to give these information to the population is some kind of commercial spot transmitted in locat TV. Results of this work will be provide for purposes of Sokolov Emergency Management.
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Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen
KUČEROVÁ, Andrea
The topic of my thesis is: "Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen". I have been dealing with this very hot issue, because there are more and more chemical substances around us. We can find a lot of companies producing, using and having these substances in stock, so we cannot rule out smaller or larger leaks. They usually have negative impacts on human health and life, animals, environment or the leak can cause high material damage. It is necessary to take new measures to decrease results of leak of dangerous chemical substances. In the theoretical part of my work I described some dangerous chemical substances, rules for behaviour and arrangments during the leaks of dangerous chemical substances. In the practical part I evaluated statistic records about leaks of dangerous chemical substances and I valuated talks with experts of public administration in the area of Pilsen town. I carried out my own modulation of ammonia leak in the programme ,,TerEx? and by that I gained an area of public danger where I performed an investigation among people. In my work there was verified a hypothesis whether the people living round the object with dangerous chemical substances have some knowledge about the individual protection. I came to conclusion that this hypothesi can be confirmated due to out comes of my questionary research ? our inhabitants are endowed with the needy useful knowledge (as I have been persuaded by). In my work I found out and important piece of knowledge that there had been only one leak of dangerous chemical substance some ammonia leak from the Pilsner ´´PRAZDROJ a.s.´´. It was an acceptional situation and it did not have any serious effect on people and environment. I would like to recommend only one thing ? to increase public awareness about possible danger in the place of domicile. It is necessary to say that people are only exceptionally interested in these safety questions. This work can be used within the public administration in the field of emergency management and accidental planning for (preparation of) inhabitants´ protection. It can also be used as some study material.
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Assessment of emergency preparedness at the railway station in České Budějovice
KLÍMA, Petr
Emergency preparedness includes the ability to recognize the occurrence of extraordinary events and, in particular, planning, organizing and management of emergency measures to deal with them. The objective of this thesis is to assess planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents depending on selected extraordinary events in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice. Another objective is to assess the overall emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice in this respect. In order to meet the objectives as well as possible I defined the following hypothesis: Planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice are adequate and in accordance with applicable legislation. The thesis includes basic general information on extraordinary events, emergency planning and the integrated rescue system, and then it describes securing emergency preparedness within the organizational structure of the entities involved. The thesis also includes the issue of rail freight transport and the related transport of dangerous substances. To achieve the objectives of the thesis and to verify the hypothesis, I used interviews with relevant experts from railway companies ČD as, ČD Cargo and SŽDC, and the study of available literature and legislation. Then, I used a document analysis aimed at assessing the adequacy and suitability of planned measures depending on the selected extraordinary events ? both associated with the normal operation of the railway station and the transport of hazardous substances in tanks. The analysis showed that the planned measures to avert the consequences of accidents in the premises of the railway station in České Budějovice are currently to a great extent adequate and in compliance with applicable national and international legislation. In the discussion section, I presented the problems that occurred in dealing with this issue. At the end of the thesis, I tried to propose some measures that would be suitable for adding into the documentation of emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice. I believe that this thesis will be used as a document monitoring an aggregate of measures to ensure emergency preparedness of the railway station in České Budějovice and, in the light of the thesis results, it will be possible to recommend further improvements in securing the preparation of these measures.
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The Analysis of Potential Consequences of Chlorine Leakage out of " Plav" Water Works Station
VILASOVÁ, Pavla
Regarding the topic of this thesis chlorine will be considered a dangerous chemical substance, especially because of the storage amount and chlorine concentration used for water treatment in Water Treatment Plant Plav. Chlorine characteristics, history and means of chlorine utilization bear its risk, methods of protection of human organism against this material belong to general parts of this thesis. Regarding presumption of coordinated operation of single components of joint rescue service during solving emergency and during liquidation emergency conditions in the analysed operation, single components of joint rescue service and activity performed by these components are detailed in this thesis.The aim of the work is to propose an analysis method with the usage of a special software programme TerEx, hazard evaluation, solution of emergency conditions in Water Treatment Plant Plav by means of a special software programme Terex, when chlorine escapes out of the restricted space followed by human lives hazard, environmental hazard. This programme after entering parameters about the amount of chemical agents, weather and climatic conditions in the surrounding premises, serves to simulation of spread of a hazardous chemical substance into surroundings, which helps flexibly lay down a procedure of the components of joint rescue service during the action.
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