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Simulators in radiotherapy
HOTAŘOVÁ, Johana
This bachelor thesis deals with simulators, which are medical devices used in radiotherapy to prepare the radiation treatment process. In 2019, an older X-ray simulator was replaced by a newer CT simulator in the hospital in České Budějovice. The aim of the theoretical part was a thorough description of both the simulators, regarding their technical and user qualities. The target of the practical part was to compare the doses needed for gaining sets of CT sections on the CT simulator by testing 42 patients, who were in various body constitutions and were diagnosed with prostate cancer (C61), rectal tumour (C20), uterine tumour (C54) or cervical cancer. (C53). According to the weight category of the patients determined by the body mass index (BMI), it can be observed that the patients suffering from one of the three degrees of obesity take a higher dose of CT. Another goal was to compare the frequency of using a CT simulator versus Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) with patients with various body constitutions and diagnoses. The more frequent use of CBCT is with patients who were diagnosed with a tumour C61 and on the contrary, the higher frequency of use of CT simulator goes with female patients with a tumour C53 or C54. A research question was defined for this bachelor thesis as to whether the dose needed to obtain a set of CT sections on a CT simulator will be of many times higher intensity in more obese patients´ cases than a dose for patients with a mediocre body composition. The hypotheses data was obtained based on the dose analysis required to gain a set of CT sections on a CT simulator in the examined cohort of patients. When comparing patients according to their weight categories in compliance with the BMI, gender and diagnosis, we observe a difference in CT doses up to 1 mGy. The content of the thesis may be used as a study material for students of radiology assistant study programme. The obtained results concerning the intensity of doses for a formation of a set of CT sections on a CT simulator could be interesting especially for the radiotherapy ward personnel in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s.
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An effect of cold showers on the BMI or prevalence of obesity
OSTRÁ, Marie
The thesis is based on recent evidence of the presence and functionality of brown adipose tissue (in human body) which have brought increased interest in non-sheath thermogenesis and the role of BAT in metabolism. Since BAT is generally activated by cold exposure, there is a question of the relationship between the amount of body fat in human body (BMI index) and regular cold exposure. The study (cold showers several times a week for three months) was attended by a total of 49 probands in the age range of 19 - 25 years. They were all measured before and after cold showers on a Bodystat device where body fat percentage, the percentage of active body mass (ATH), the percentage of lean body mass, the percentage of body water, the BMI and the WHR index were found. Subsequently, the identified characteristics were compared and evaluated. An important result is the difference in body fat percentage where, due to the cold showers and anticipated activation of BAT, there was a statistically significant reduction in body fat in the experimental group of women. It can be stated that cold showers can have significant potential in the fight against obesity.
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Healthy lifestyles young population
Kříž, Adam ; Polišenský, Miroslav (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Miroslava (referee)
This thesis deals with a healthy lifestyle young population. He describes a healthy
lifestyle and its principles as a healthy and balanced diet, exercise, mental balance. And
since we are talking about young population, mainly we deal with school meals, its history,
legislation that regulates school meals, the theme of the consumer basket and nutritional
recommendation. This survey uses a specific institution, at a particular elementary school,
and especially in the organization, it is a dining room of the school. The selected institution
is elementary schools in Dobřany and organization is eatery of this elementary school.
Consequently, here we evaluate the BMI of children diners, eating in this organization
obtained according diets based on evaluation according to nutritional recommendations, its
financing and overall conditions in the parent institution, according to analysis
Malinovsky.
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