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The reflection of the conception if the civic society into Austrian constitutions
Hájek, Petr ; Adamová, Karolina (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The work deals with the civic society and with the civil rights in the constitutions in the 19th century in Austrian monarchy. The author stresses the link between the development of the civic society and the conception of the civil rights. He analyses the civil rights and tries to show the difference between the regular legislation and the reality, that means between the law and real practice. The important place occupies in this work with the idea od the equality which could not be realised in the time of the existence of the aristocratic privileges. Key words: civil rights, civic society, the constitution, Austrian monarchy
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The reflection of the conception if the civic society into Austrian constitutions
Hájek, Petr ; Adamová, Karolina (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The work deals with the civic society and with the civil rights in the constitutions in the 19th century in Austrian monarchy. The author stresses the link between the development of the civic society and the conception of the civil rights. He analyses the civil rights and tries to show the difference between the regular legislation and the reality, that means between the law and real practice. The important place occupies in this work with the idea od the equality which could not be realised in the time of the existence of the aristocratic privileges. Key words: civil rights, civic society, the constitution, Austrian monarchy
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Inovations in the time of privileges: Höchenberger's invention of the field printery
Wögerbauer, Michael
The text analyses the attempts of the Prague book printer Jan Tomas Höchenberger to obtain the privileged position of a military book printer in the 1770s, hence at the time when it was difficult for new companies to win recognition against the obsolete system of privileges. After the first, unsuccessful attempt in 1779-1780, he applied for the privilege again with a 'filed printing press on a cart', which was labelled by both the author and the historian Josef Dobrovský as Höchenberger's 'own invention'. The attempt to obtain the privilege is analysed on the background of the stiffness of the existing system of privileges and on the basis of the thesis of the French book historian Frederic Barbier that at the end of the 18th century there was 'the second book revolution', which however unlike the first (Gutenberg's invention) and third (digitisation) was not characterised by technical progress but by the spreading and democratisation of printed communication. On this background, Höchenberger's attempt is all the more remarkable in that field printing presses fulfil the need of administering the new 'people's' armies and communicating with the growing number of the soldiers that do not fight as mercenaries for money but for their 'country' and 'nation'.
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