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Reproductive modes in large Branchiopoda (Crustacea) and their effect on genetic structure of populations
Šimková, Zuzana ; Sacherová, Veronika (advisor) ; Straková, Barbora (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the influence of the reproductive systems of four groups of so-called large branchiopods (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) on genetic variability in their populations. The groups include the orders of fairy shrimp (Anostraca), tadpole shrimp (Notostraca), clam shrimp (Spinicaudata), and conchostracans (Laevicaudata). This thesis primarily examines the populations in Europe. Reproductive strategies are one of the key factors that influence the genetic variability of populations. Other factors include historical events such as the breakup of the supercontinents Gondwana and Pangea and the last ice age, along with its associated processes (such as the colonization of new habitats after the end of the last ice age, etc.) The most genetically variable populations in Europe are gonochoristic (Branchipus schaefferi, Phallocryptus spinosa, Triops mauritanicus, Leptestheria dahalacensis, and Lynceus brachyurus), followed by populations with other reproductive systems. Based on current knowledge, some gonochoristic species and species utilizing a different reproductive system are divided into multiple genetic lineages. Depending on the historical processes, these lineages were most likely separated before the last ice age. Therefore, the current geographical distribution of lineages...
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