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Emissions from transport - a new pollutants
Dvořák, Rostislav ; Sommer, Lumír (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This work is focused on platinum group metals (Pt, Rh, Pd), their use in the automotive industry, risks associated with the occurrence of these substances in the environment, their potential impact on population health and, ultimately, the characteristics of these elements and some of their compounds as such.
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Rhodium in the environment
Ondreášová, Klára ; Nevrlá, Jana (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the characteristic of rhodium, its use in the automotive industry, the occurrence in environmental compartments (air, soil, vegetation, water), accumulation and transformations. In this thesis there are also described methods of sampling for determination, the types of sample preparation, separation and preconcentration techniques necessary prior to instrumental analysis. The work also focuses on the most commonly used analytical methods of rhodium determination, which are spectrophotometric methods, AAS, ICP-AES and ICP-MS.
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Palladium in the environment
Hajdová, Jana ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
This work is focused on palladium in the environment. Its use is especially in the automobile industry as catalytic converters of motor vehicles, but also is applied in dental, jewelry making and electrical appliances. The release of this metal from automobile catalysts is getting into all environmental compartments (soil, road dust, water, plants), where goes to its accumulation. It can be a part of the food chain and cause health risks to humans. The work also focuses on methods of sampling, preconcentration and methods, which can determined palladium in environmental samples (spectrophotometric methods, AAS, ICP-AES and ICP-MS).
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Quality and Environment management system
Majerek, Pavel ; Dudarev, Ivan (referee) ; Fiala, Alois (advisor)
Task of the thesis is to develop a literature search on the topic: "Quality and environment management system". The paper defines the concept of quality and the environment. The most serious environmental problems for sustainable development and the notion of voluntary environmental activities are given. Further, there is outlined the role of the state, not just in preparing legal requirements, but also care about the environmental sector. In conclusion, the author argues against the relationship and the quality of the environment.
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Environmental Aspects of Pyrotechnic Mixtures.
Mešková, Michala ; Bednařík, Karel (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the study of pyrotechnic compositions and their influence on the health and environment. It explains the nature and ingredients used in pyrotechnic compositions. During burning these compositions release different compounds, toxic or non-toxic into the atmosphere in large quantities. In this work the issue of toxicity of selected alkali, alkaline earth metals and the other harmful metals was explored. The pyrotechnic compositions containing Ba, As, Pb and Cd were investigated in more detail. When burning the pyrotechnic compositions release noxious substances into the air first. Then these substances reach due to wet or dry transport mechanism the other components of the environment and mix with them. These compounds have diverse negative effects both on humans and the environment and other animals.
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Hormones and their presence in environmental
Sučková, Tereza ; Dvořáková, Petra (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This thesis deals with the issue of hormones in the environment and analytical methods for the determination of hormonal substances in water and soil ecosystems. The thesis includes an overview of important hormone groups (divided into categories according to their chemical structure) and basic information about properties of chosen hormones, their sources and impacts on the environment. The next focuses upon methods of determination of hormones in soil and water ecosystems. Finally, a standard operational manual for analysis of estrogens in surface water has been created and is provided herein.
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Analytical methods applied for the evaluation of environmental contamination by uranium ore mining
Bílek, Jiří ; Holubová, Zuzana (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the testing procedures used in monitoring of environmental contamination after uranium ore mining in the uranium mine in Dolní Rožínka. It deals with the determination of radioactive elements radium, uranium and radon. The methods used for the determination of radioactive elements in mine laboratory in Dolní Rožínka are described. The thesis also mentions other applicable methods for determination of uranium. The metods of determination of manganese, iron and other metallic elements are also summarized in brief.The values of concentrations of monitored analytes in selected locations are presented at the end of the thesis. These values, which were provided by laboratories in Dolní Rožínka, are valid for 2010.
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The significance of platinum in the environment
Brestovská, Marta ; Holubová, Zuzana (referee) ; Sommer, Lumír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of individual platinum compounds in the environment (water, soil, air) and is also reviewing methods used for their analysis. The no less important determination of platinum in tissues and body fluids, when the platinum is used in form of a cisplatin as an anticancer drug, is also mentioned. Afterwards the anticancer drug itself or its derivatives and metabolites on the base of platinum complexes in clinical sample (urine, plasma) are determined. Mainly the ICP-AES, ICP-MS, ETA-AAS, HPLC methods are highlighted from the methods used for the determination of Pt. The on-line connection between some of these methods such as ICP-MS with HPLC or ICP-AES with HPLC seems to be useful. The spectrofotometric methods using organic and inorganic agents can also be used for the determination of platinum. These methods are mentioned here rather marginally, just for completeness. In terms of practical use they are difficultly reproducible and not very sensitive. The hydrolysis of platinum metals to form insoluble hydrated oxides makes also the determination difficult.
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