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Modifikované škroby a jejich využití v potravinářském průmyslu
Dočekalová, Hana
The bachelor thesis is arranged chronologically in order to make the issue of modified starches as comprehensible as possible. First, it deals with the topic of foodstuffs and their possible modifications, both using technological manufacturing processes and through addition of other substances. The substances are subsequently described and their possible addition to foodstuffs is clarified as regards the regulations in the legislature in the Czech Republic. The thesis then deals with substances that in a certain way influence the texture of the foodstuff and subsequently, the viscosity of foodstuffs is described. The thesis focuses on the viscosity o foodstuffs, because both native and modified starch influences this specific characteristic. The chapters that follow include information about the natural starch, its structure and properties and point out the insufficient range of use of the natural starch in the food industry. Afterwards, the most important part of the thesis follows, the description and explanation of the term modified starch. It includes individual manufacturing processes and obtained properties of modified starches belongining to Czech legislation ie. oxidized, substituted and crosslinked starches, as well as modified starches without the need for legislation are physically modified starches (thermally treated), hydrolysates and enzyme treated starches. In all cases, their uses in the food industry is also outlined and the relevant legislation dealing with these additives is outlined.
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Vliv vybraných faktorů ovlivňujících fermentační proces a využití živin kukuřičné siláže v bachoru
Poštulka, Roman
Corn silage quality is determined by fermentation process quality and nutrient utilization (i.e. starch and fiber). The goal of this trial was to observe the effect of plant protection (against European corn borer), used hybrid and silage additive on the fermentation process quality and ruminal degradability of starch and neutral detergent fiber. The trial was realized on three localities. For the rate of degradability assessment we used the method in sacco. We found high significant differences in the particular and total acid content. On the first locality, the silages from protected plants contained more acids (9,89 g/kg dry matter = DM) than control (7,72 g/kg DM). On other localities was the situation opposite. The lowest content of silage acids and titrable acidity values was measured in the chemical treated silages. These silages had a highest content of ethanol (3,47; 2,83; 4,38 g/kg DM). We confirmed the effect of plant protection on ruminal starch degradability on the first locality. The plant protection led to the decreasing of the starch degradability (45,97 resp. 48,02 %). The NDF degradability did not affect by any experimental factor.
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