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The spiritual path of Sufism Shiite Islam
Chmelová, Magda ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk (referee)
Based on the historical, religious and secular changes in Iran after Arab invasion this work tries to follow these transfomations and study the beginnings of sufism during this period. Observing the early history of Sufism the work tries to find out what impact had the first biggest schism in Islam on further development of Sufism and how these two streams of Islam religion Shi'ism and Sufism affected each other and how they developed side by side. Based on analysis of Sufi Shi'ite order Dhahabiyah (origined from the eighth Shi'ite Imam 'Ali ibn Musa al-Rida 766 - 818) this work tries to show the relationship between Shi'ite Sufi order and the traditional Islam teaching and how these two aspects of Islam influenced each other. Analyzing two Farsi speaking Sufi poets Rumi and Hafez this work demonstrates previous thesis and explains their relationship to Shi'ite Islam. Even though both authors are widely read and interpreted in Sunnite backround as well. This dissertation points to the influence of Shi'ism on their work in Shi'ite respectively specifically Persian surrounding. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Hu, Sia and Heka in the Coffin Texts
Míčková, Diana ; Landgráfová, Renata (advisor) ; Coppens, Filip (referee)
The present thesis deals with the concept of magic and the magical power of words, skript and language in ancient Egypt, considering the importance of remembering and memory, based on the interpretation of certain spells of the Coffin Texts. A careful analysis of these texts indicates, that it was necessary to remember the right word(s) (Hw), to be endowed with some knowledge or to know the way how to look at a given text (sjA), and thus to get an understanding of magic (HkA). The magical power of these texts was very closely connected with language and script, and also with cognizance and knowledge - and sacred knowledge should have been known by any person using it. Thanks to iconic character of hieroglyphs and the great possibility of puns and ambiguity, these texts, or parts of them, might have contained implicit information, expressed indirectly, using metaphors or even pictures, which might have served as a reminders of an entire (covert) meaning. There were only a few people who were able to read and understand these texts and they had to know their context and probably also the oral tradition beyond them. These facts also show the possibility that these texts could have been studied and used by priests and persons with the necessary knowledge during their lifetime. The idea of magical power...
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The spiritual path of Sufism Shiite Islam
Chmelová, Magda ; Hošek, Pavel (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Zdeněk (referee)
Based on the historical, religious and secular changes in Iran after Arab invasion this work tries to follow these transfomations and study the beginnings of sufism during this period. Observing the early history of Sufism the work tries to find out what impact had the first biggest schism in Islam on further development of Sufism and how these two streams of Islam religion Shi'ism and Sufism affected each other and how they developed side by side. Based on analysis of Sufi Shi'ite order Dhahabiyah (origined from the eighth Shi'ite Imam 'Ali ibn Musa al-Rida 766 - 818) this work tries to show the relationship between Shi'ite Sufi order and the traditional Islam teaching and how these two aspects of Islam influenced each other. Analyzing two Farsi speaking Sufi poets Rumi and Hafez this work demonstrates previous thesis and explains their relationship to Shi'ite Islam. Even though both authors are widely read and interpreted in Sunnite backround as well. This dissertation points to the influence of Shi'ism on their work in Shi'ite respectively specifically Persian surrounding. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Political development in post-Saddam Iraq. The Shia between sectarianism and nationalism.
Klasová, Pamela Markéta ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This thesis examines the Iraqi Shia community's evolving approach towards and their position in the Iraqi state, especially after the American-led invasion in 2003. The focus is on concepts of nationalism, sectarianism, and identity within the Iraqi state and the Shia community. This thesis is subdivided into two main parts, the first of which considers the time period before 2003. Contemporary Shia identity and standing in Iraq was forged in the crucible of pre-2003 Iraq, so a thorough background in this time period is essential for understanding events after the invasion. Since the founding of the modern Iraqi state, and even during Ottoman times, Shias have traditionally been excluded from positions of power. This political division reflected the socioeconomic divide between the wealthier Sunni and poorer Shia communities. This situation resulted in sharp barriers between Sunnis and Shias. Although the Sunni-dominated monarchy was not actively trying to incorporate the Shias, economic and educational progress eventually reached some in the Shia community beginning in the 1930s and 1940s, and several of these sectarian barriers faded. Partly due to a secularizing trend, the 1950s and 1960s (the "intermezzo" republican period) witnessed the greatest amount of intermingling between these sects in...
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Comparison of Hamas and Hezbollah in the Fight for the Holy Land
PILNÁ, Martina
This work deals with comparison of basic characteristics of Hamas and Hezbollah in the fight against State of Israel. Because one of these movements is sunni and other belongs to shia Islam, the first chapter is devoted to the birth of schism in Islam. In the following two sections are both of the movements presented in terms of their origins, structures and aims. The fourth chapter describes the sequence of events in Israel and Palestine territory after fall of the Ottoman Empire until 1982, when Hezbollah movement came out. The following fifth chapter is engaged in armed struggle of Hamas and Hezbollah against the State of Israel and solves dilemma of suicide attacks. Final chapter is devoted to political efforts of both organizations.
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