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Analysis and segmentation of tomographic images
Dorazil, Jan ; Bartušek, Karel (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
The thesis deals with the edge detection in the magnetic resonance images and their segmentation. There are adduced the gradient based methods, methods based on zero-crossing in the Laplacian images and also methods combined both of the methods adduced above. These methods are compared to find the best one for the temporo-mandibular joint detection. Consequently sufficient segmentation method for particular parts of the temporo-mandibular joint (the condyle, the acetabulum and the articular disk) separation is chosen.
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Filtering methods for MR images processing
Pláněk, Jiří ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Gescheidtová, Eva (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with wavelet transformation and its signal and image noise reduction application method. Significant parameters problems as a wavelet type, a threshold technique selection, a threshold level and a level analysis selection for successful signal and noise image filtering are described. A relation between wavelet transformation and digital bank filter is used by anti-noise and sub-bandwidth filtration. A part of the master´s thesis is focused on nuclear magnetic resonation, where jaw-joint image is processed. Jaw joint image noise reduction filtration methods are used in experimental part of the master´s thesis. Consequently, filtration methods improve a jaw joint image quality, which helps a doctor with patient health state condition. Different types of wavelets were tested and in different application methods order. Filtration methods results were visually compared; therefore any conclusion comparison has subjective matter. Accordingly, only doctor is able to resolve which filtration method is convenient to use to determine patient health state.
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Filtering methods in NMR measurements
Ryšavý, Ladislav ; Rajmic, Pavel (referee) ; Gescheidtová, Eva (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with the wavelet transform and its use in processing and removing noise from images acquired by nuclear magnetic resonance. In the theoretical part of work is briefly described the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance, the wavelet transform is described, the selection of appropriate wavelets for filtering, two-dimensional wavelet transform for the processing of image data and appropriate tresholding techniques. The experimental part is focused on the filtration of magnetic fields and map images jaw joint as maps fields. They are filtering the results using different types of waves. It is shown through the evaluation of filtration ratio signal / noise and the steepness of the signal in the image.
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Nutrition after temporomandibular surgery
Machoňová, Natálie ; Machoň, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vlachopulos, Vasilis (referee)
Nutrition after temporomandibular joint surgery is very specific but defined by clear rules. Patients in recovery receive a mixed diet for the first 3 days and then, if there are no complications, switch to a soft food diet. Many patients are concerned about postoperative pain, the overall course of hospitalization, and how the mixed food will not only taste but also look. Therefore, it is important to consider the patient's opinion regarding hospital food and how the intake of recommended food affects weight loss during recovery. The first goal was to compare weight changes in the observed hospitalized patients at the time of surgery and 5 days after surgery. The second goal was to evaluate the patient's diet after surgery and determine how satisfaction affected weight loss. The third goal was to evaluate patient use of nutritional supplements. The practical part was evaluated from the responses of a questionnaire survey, which involved 16 patients hospitalized in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at VFN from January 2023 to March 2023, who underwent temporomandibular joint reconstruction by total replacement. The same patients were subsequently monitored for weight changes. The results showed that the average weight difference of patients after temporomandibular joint surgery was 1,2 kg. It...
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Possibilities of physiotherapy in disoders of temporomandibular joint
HLINKOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor thesis studies the options of physiotherapy in temporomandibural joint disorder. The main objective of this thesis is mapping the issue out and describing options of physiotherapy in patients with the TMJ disorder, but also evaluating the efficiency of physiotherapy and its impact on patients with this disorder. The theoretical part is focused on TMJ anatomy, movements in the jaw joint, TMJ disorders, TMJ examinations, causes of disorder and treatment. Practical part is processed using two case studies where patients with different diagnosis have been put trough the initial examination as well as therapy during the necessary time which should have led to an improvement of their difficulties, followed by an exit examination and of course, continued treatment.
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Filtering methods in NMR measurements
Ryšavý, Ladislav ; Rajmic, Pavel (referee) ; Gescheidtová, Eva (advisor)
Bachelor's thesis deals with the wavelet transform and its use in processing and removing noise from images acquired by nuclear magnetic resonance. In the theoretical part of work is briefly described the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance, the wavelet transform is described, the selection of appropriate wavelets for filtering, two-dimensional wavelet transform for the processing of image data and appropriate tresholding techniques. The experimental part is focused on the filtration of magnetic fields and map images jaw joint as maps fields. They are filtering the results using different types of waves. It is shown through the evaluation of filtration ratio signal / noise and the steepness of the signal in the image.
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Analysis and segmentation of tomographic images
Dorazil, Jan ; Bartušek, Karel (referee) ; Smékal, Zdeněk (advisor)
The thesis deals with the edge detection in the magnetic resonance images and their segmentation. There are adduced the gradient based methods, methods based on zero-crossing in the Laplacian images and also methods combined both of the methods adduced above. These methods are compared to find the best one for the temporo-mandibular joint detection. Consequently sufficient segmentation method for particular parts of the temporo-mandibular joint (the condyle, the acetabulum and the articular disk) separation is chosen.
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Filtering methods for MR images processing
Pláněk, Jiří ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Gescheidtová, Eva (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with wavelet transformation and its signal and image noise reduction application method. Significant parameters problems as a wavelet type, a threshold technique selection, a threshold level and a level analysis selection for successful signal and noise image filtering are described. A relation between wavelet transformation and digital bank filter is used by anti-noise and sub-bandwidth filtration. A part of the master´s thesis is focused on nuclear magnetic resonation, where jaw-joint image is processed. Jaw joint image noise reduction filtration methods are used in experimental part of the master´s thesis. Consequently, filtration methods improve a jaw joint image quality, which helps a doctor with patient health state condition. Different types of wavelets were tested and in different application methods order. Filtration methods results were visually compared; therefore any conclusion comparison has subjective matter. Accordingly, only doctor is able to resolve which filtration method is convenient to use to determine patient health state.
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Physiotherapy of a displaced disc with reposition of a temporomandibular joint
BROŽKOVÁ, Aya
The topic of my bachelor thesis is physiotherapy of a displaced disc with reposition of a temporomandibular joint. It is a functional disorder, when the mandible disc is not in a physiological position and creates an obstacle for a condyle movement. When mouth is fully opened the disc does not return to its original position. This moment is characteristic with a clicking sound. Another symptom is inclining of the chin to the disordered site when the mouth is being opened. Main cause of TMD is stress, bad occlusion and a long-term micro trauma of TMJ. It is a topical issue, because an increase of stress in daily life causes also more TMD. Almost 70 % of the population has the TMD, in most of the cases the TMJ disc is in a wrong position. The therapy of this kind of disorder should be done by physiotherapist. Unfortunately knowledge of diagnosis and healing of the TMD is not sufficient. The disorder is recognized usually by dentists, who send a patient to a specialized clinic. The goal of my work was examining of mastication and neck muscle spasms. In the work there are also described physiotherapeutic possibilities of healing including postural strategy. I have created informational booklet for patients, in which saving method for TMJ healing, exercises, ergonomic principles and correct posture both when sitting and standing are presented. The research was done by 14 case analysis, analytic-inductive method and experimental work. Patients were randomly divided into three groups. As a first step TMJ and cervical spine of each patient and their posture were examined. The examination of TMJ consisted of diagnosis, extent and symmetry of an opening movement and palpation examination of the cervical spine. Therapy was six weeks long. Each patient was introduced to TMJ saving method, which is based on limitation of a TMJ movement, eating soft food and elimination of stress. In the first group (5 patients) the therapy was focused only on mastication muscles. Patients were supposed to be exercising to loosen the muscles of mastication. Exercises were chosen after palpation examination. Third group (4 patients) did neck muscle exercises and self massage. Second group (5 patients) did the therapy of both first and third group. Results of the therapy show, that there is a possible connection between TMD and cervical spine dysfunction. There were positive (evaluated subjectively) changes in both TMJ and in all groups. The condition of TMJ is influenced by neck muscle therapy and the condition of cervical spine is influenced by mastication muscle therapy. Best results had the second group. All patients but one improved (one lady had a TMJ inflammation). There were no deterioration of TMJ and cervical spine condition either. There were some worsening in group one and three. The best therapy is a combination of exercises of both mastication and neck muscles. I would like to point out a fact that TMJ is one of the most complicated and busy joints in human body. Both TMJ are connected to mandible so dysfunction of one joint can lead to problems with the other one. Physiotherapy is needed most in cases of functional disorder.
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Physiotherapy as part of comprehensive treatment in patients with acquired temporomandibular joint dysfunction
NĚMCOVÁ, Barbora
The subject matter of my undergraduate thesis is acquired dysfunctionality of the temporomandibular joint. The concept incorporates a number of funcional and structural changes and pathological conditions affecting not only the mandibula as such but also the overall posture of the organism as a whole due to sequential spasms. Temporomandibular disorders have a multifactor etiology and very diverse clinical image, which often makes diagnostics quite difficult. Generally, increasing psychic tension, emotional stress, and occlusive relations are believed to count amongst the main causes. According to some studies, up to 50 % of the population suffers from some type of disorder of the temporomandibular joint. As treatment of these conditions can be problematic and time-consuming, both the pacient and the therapist have to be patient. The theoretical part of my thesis concentrates on mapping the problems arising from dysfunctionality of the temporomandibular joint, whereas the practical part contains causalistic elaboration of two female patients diagnosed with this condition. My research was conducted using the method of qualitative causalistics. The first female patient was diagnosed with degenerative changes in the right mandibular joint causing diminished mobility of the lower jaw, affecting the functionality of the patient{\crq}s right ear and body posture. The second female patient suffered functionality disorder in the form of dislocation of the mandibular joint{\crq}s disk, asymmetric movement of the jaw when opening her mouth, and irregular stereotype of breathing. In both patients, the therapy was adjusted to the diagnosis and each patient{\crq}s momentary condition. Primarily, their treatment was focused on their hypertonic muscles and sequential spasms, followed by relaxation of their chewing muscles, training of symmetrical mouth opening, breathing stereotypes, and sensomotoric elements. The patients were instructed how to do suitable autotherapeutic exercises. The therapeutic sessions took place twice a week over a six-week period. In both patients, the results were satisfactory. With the first patient, her ability to open her mouth and her overall posture improved. With the second patient, the unpleasant noise phenomenon when opening her mouth was removed and the asymmetry of mouth movement was diminished. Moreover, she learned to adopt a regular breathing stereotype. My thesis can be useful in the clinical practice of physiotherapists, physicians, and other medical personnel, as well as a source of information for patients.
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