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Development of Pleistocene glaciation of the Czech part of the Šumava Mts. (Case study of the Černé and Čertovo Lakes)
Vočadlová, Klára ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Kalvoda, Jan (referee) ; Minár, Jozef (referee)
This Ph.D. thesis presents new facts about a paleoenvironmental development of the northern part of the Bohemian Forest (area of Černé Lake and Čertovo Lake) in the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. The main goals of the research are: characterize the glacier landforms in the Bohemian Forest and define the variance of these landforms; determine factors influencing formation and development of the glaciation in the study area; describe environmental settings and its changes during deglaciation and in Early Holocene by using environmental proxies. This research proceeds from original data obtained by geomorphological mapping, morphometric analysis and proxy data analyses originated from a sediment sequence in a peat bog in the Černé Lake vicinity. The common attributes of the Bohemian Forest cirques and cirque variability was determined using morphometric and morphologic characteristics of the cirques on the Bavarian and Czech side of the mountain range. These characteristics were compared with other cirques of the Bohemian Massif and other chosen mountain ranges of the world. The cirque overdeepening was defined on the basis of headwall shapes and it emerged that overdeepening of the cirques in the Bavarian Forest and in the High Sudetes reflects a different extent of the Pleistocene glaciation....
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Decomposition rate of plants matter in the soils of glacial lakes in Sumava
VANĚK, Daniel
Natural processes that cause differences in rates of decomposition and mineralisation of organic plants matter in soils of Sumava mountains' glacial lakes were studied using plant litter dominant in understorey of spruce forest in watershed of two lakes, Plesne and Certovo. The aim of this study is to determine the effect plant liter chemistry on decomposition and mineralisation rate. We hypothetize that chemistry of liter of understorey vegetation significantly affect N mineralisation / immobilisation in siols. During four month laboratory experiment were studied the effect of litter quality characteristics on C mineralization rates and N release. Spruce needles (Picea abies) and leaves of four dominant species (Avenella flexuosa, Calamagrostis villosa, Vaccinium myrthillus and Athyrium alpestre) of understorey vegetation were collected in autumn 2006. Litter was incubated at 0 and 10 °C. CO2 release was regularly measured each 14 days. Amounts of phenolics, available phosphorus, total and extractable C and N, release of NH4+ and NO3- were measured at the beginning, after one and four months of incubation.
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