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Measuring the Index of Constructive External Engagement: ICEE for the Czech Republic
Svitáková, Lucie ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
In this thesis we compute the Index of Constructive External Engagement (ICEE) for the Czech Republic. First, we introduce the theory of the index and discuss its differences with Commitment to Development Index from which ICEE originates. Second, we find the necessary data and compute the score of ICEE for the Czech Republic. Third, we discuss the overall result and subsequently the score of each component separately. Finally, we create an original comparison of ICEE with other related works to ascertain its current data validity. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Determinants of generic drug substitution in the Czech Republic
Žílová, Pavlína ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Bryndová, Lucie (referee)
This study uses logistic regression to estimate the probability of choosing the brand-name drug despite the presence of cheaper generics given patient and drug characteristics in the Czech pharmaceutical market in the period 2009-2013. Results of the analysis may help guide policies to decrease pharmaceutical costs. In order to motivate people who are more likely to choose the original version of drug, policy makers may impose higher copayments and lower subsidies on the original drugs which they use. Additionally, two supplementary analyses were applied to sub-sectors of the pharmaceutical market: antihypertensive drugs and antibiotics. Fixed effects logistic regression is employed to test the robustness of the results.
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Determinants of pharmaceutical expenditures on cardiovascular diseases
Gogilashvili, Nino ; Chalupka, Radovan (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The thesis analyzes the determinants of pharmaceutical expenditures on cardiovascular diseases with particular focus on Central Europe. We show how the pharmaceutical expenditure varies across the countries. We try to empirically verify that factors such as age, GDP, total health expenditure, education and prevalence of a particular disease cause the variation. Applying the fixed effect model on selected countries in the period 2000-2009, we find that the increase in pharmaceutical expenditures on cardiovascular diseases is explained mainly by aging population and prevalence of the diseases. Additionally, countries with higher GDP tend to also have somewhat higher pharmaceutical expenditures on cardiovascular diseases. Key words Pharmaceutical expenditures, cardiovascular diseases, GDP, health expenditure, fixed effect model, prevalence of a disease, aging of population.
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Changes in Hospital Financial Performance after Legal Form Conversion
Jankura, Adam ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Maďarová, Henrieta (referee)
This thesis examines the effect of corporatization, i.e. pure legal form conversion of contributory organizations into joint-stock companies, on financial performance of 77 Czech non-privatized general hospitals during 2001-2011. Using differences-in-differences estimation the effect on overall financial performance was not confirmed. Regarding individual performance components different changes in revenues and costs per inpatient day (relative to non-corporatized hospitals) were recognized after different corporatizations periods. Both revenues and costs measures either increased or decreased after 2003 & 2004 and 2005 corporatization respectively; and were maintained after 2006 & 2007 period. Ambiguous effect of corporatization on financial performance is consistent with the principal-agent theory developed in this thesis. JEL Classification C51, G32, I11, I18, L20, L32 Keywords financial performance, hospitals, panel data analy- sis, Czech Republic Author's e-mail adam.jankura@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail jana.votapkova@gmail.com 1
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Changes in Hospital Financial Performance after Legal Form Conversion
Jankura, Adam ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Tulejová, Henrieta (referee)
This thesis examines the effect of corporatization, i.e. pure legal form conversion of contributory organizations into joint-stock companies, on financial performance of 77 Czech non-privatized general hospitals during 2001-2011. Using differences-in-differences estimation the effect on overall financial performance was not confirmed. Regarding individual performance components different changes in revenues and costs per inpatient day (relative to non-corporatized hospitals) were recognized after different corporatizations periods. Both revenues and costs measures either increased or decreased after 2003 & 2004 and 2005 corporatization respectively; and were maintained after 2006 & 2007 period. Ambiguous effect of corporatization on financial performance is consistent with the principal-agent theory developed in this thesis. JEL Classification C51, G32, I11, I18, L20, L32 Keywords financial performance, hospitals, panel data analy- sis, Czech Republic Author's e-mail adam.jankura@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail jana.votapkova@gmail.com 1
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Family economics: Fertility rate and the pension motive
Bradáč, Michal ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
This work focuses on importance of pension motive for havin children in developed countries. It starts with discussion of conditions, under which old age security hypothesis is likely to hold. It continues with overview of demographic trends in selected developed countries and stresses the negative impact of long term fertility decline on pension systems sustainability and performance. In the next part of this thesis we use cluster analysis to compare pension systems in developed countries and the way developed countries deal with lack of human capital. Special attention is paid to comparison of Scandinavian social welfare state model with Southern European welfare state model and with group of three Asian Tigers. Keywords: fertility, pension systems, family economics
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A comparison of global crisis' impacts on welfare states in Norway, Sweden and Iceland
Miesslerová, Zuzana ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The BA thesis compares effects of global economic crissis on economy, welfare state and society of three Nordic countries: Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Despite the fact that all these three countries are characterized by high welfare spending, which, in the time of crissis, has tendency to increase while the state income decreses, the economic problems have not resulted in significant erosion of existing welfare state in any of these countries. However, the development of the crissis differed due to different structure of economy in each country: Iceland has been havily damaged by colapse of its hypertrophied finance sector, Sweden has been damaged severely, but thanks to its flexible industry has been fast back on its track, and Norway thanks to its oil exports has barely noticed the crissis. Despite robust welfare state, especially on Iceland the negative social effects generated by the crisses have not been compensated. However, the welfare state remained in all three countries a key tool to deal with economic crissis consequences for their respective governements.
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The Effect of Czech 2008 Flat Rate Personal Income Tax on Tax Evasion
Hrbek, Pavel ; Zápal, Jan (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to examine the effect of Czech's 2008 at rate personal income tax reform on consumption, income and tax evasion since there is a belief that personal income tax rates are partially responsible for high levels of tax evasion. We use the gap between household expenditures and reported income as a proxy for tax evasion with the Czech microeconomic data from the 2006-2009 Household Budget Survey. Employing difference-in-difference approach, we find that the Czech at personal income tax reform has significantly decreased the gap between reported household consumption and income for households with only one economically active individual that experienced a reduction in marginal tax rates after the tax reform relative to households experiencing no change and that it takes time for households to adapt to new tax policy.
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The Effect of the Introduction of Fee-For-Service on the Demand for Outpatient Care
Žílová, Pavlína ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Pavloková, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis estimates the effect of the 2008 introduction of regulatory fees for outpatient visits by using 2009 health reform, abolition of co-payments for children, as a natural experiment. To estimate this effect we use micro-level data from EU-SILC survey and two different econometric models - Multinomial logit (MNL) and Zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB). As co-payments for examination were abolished only for children, we use children as a treatment group and adult part of the population as a control group in difference-in-differences approach. We found an insignificant effect, i.e. introduction of user charges was ineffective in reducing number of doctor visits in Czech Republic. Another important result from this analysis is the significant role of the socio-economic characteristics, associated with the tendency of health-care utilization.
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Implicit Pension Debt in the EU Member States
Doležal, Vítězslav ; Schneider, Ondřej (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis examines the implicit pension debt in the fifteen EU countries. The Holzmann et al. (2011) methodology is applied to show the impact of population ageing on the pension systems in the EU. The implicit pension debts demonstrate the considerable hidden debt burden in the all fifteen countries. The implicit pension debts range in the interval from 47 % of GDP for the Czech Republic to 906 % for Greece. Nine of the analyzed countries record the implicit pension debts in the interval 100 - 300 % of GDP. The sensitivity analysis and the comparison with other studies confirm our findings. The thesis points out sizeable imbalances among the particular countries, genders and age cohorts.
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