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Diseases of Civilization Prevention by a Lifestyle Modifications
Vinklárková, Monika ; Šatný, Martin (advisor) ; Altschmiedová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the most common diseases of civilization and their prevention by a healthy lifestyle. The aim of this thesis is to map how people aged 18 - 65 follow a healthy lifestyle that leads to the prevention of diseases of civilization. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics and especially the prevention of the most common diseases of civilization, which include arterial hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis with its complications (atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases), or cancer. A healthy lifestyle includes proper nutrition, adequate physical activity, non-smoking, enough sleep and rest, reduced stress and the absence of tobacco and alcohol abuse. The practical part finds out the observance of the principles of a healthy lifestyle by a questionnaire survey. The research was conducted on 122 randomly selected persons without diseases of civilization aged 18 - 65 years. The results of the research show that most respondents do not pay much attention to a healthy lifestyle. Respondents eat a shortage of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, fish and sour dairy products. Their diet often includes white bread, meat and sausages. Furthermore, most respondents have insufficient...
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Diabetic Diet and Regime Measures for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
VINKLÁRKOVÁ, Monika
This thesis deals with the problem of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It mainly focuses on a diabetic diet along with regimen measures. Four goals have been set for this thesis. The first goal is to map whether patients with type 2 DM keep the diet. The second goal is to find out whether they have regular physical activity. The third goal is to describe how the lifestyle of patients has changed after type 2 DM had been diagnosed and the last goal is to describe the current eating habits of patients with type 2 DM. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus and also describes terms such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. It also deals with diagnostics, complications and treatment of diabetes. It deals in detail with diabetic diet and regimen measures in type 2 diabetes. The practical part examines the observance of diabetic diet and regimen measures through qualitative research. The research part consists of a weekly menu of each patient and its calculation in the Nutriservis Professional program and subsequent evaluation. Each diet follows the total intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and mono- and disaccharides. The practical part of the thesis also contains structured interviews. The interview consisted of 19 questions that were the same for all respondents. The research sample consisted of 12 respondents, of which 6 were women and 6 were men. The results of the research show that the majority of patients do not follow the diabetic diet and regimen measures and some of them only partially. Almost all patients have made some changes in their lifestyle after diagnosis. These patients generally increased physical activity, reduced weight, reduced sweets, and eat more regularly.
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