|
| |
|
|
Rationality of Human Action and Preferences
Horák, Vít ; Sojka, Milan (advisor) ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (referee)
The thesis criticizes the subjectivist-teleological principals of economics. Economics intended to work with the individual preferences without normative, or any other, bias. The neutrality is, however, distorted by deep assumption of the economic thought - the a priori causality between the preferences and action. The teleological perspective as it was introduced by Karel Engliš was sharply delimitated with respect to causality. Neoclassical and Austrian school, however, do mix causality and finality in their conceptions of action and preferences. My thesis strives to describe this mistake. It is also possible to formulate the theme of the thesis as criticism of the assumption of certain a priori rationality of human action. I try to clear up the notion of rationality, show the possibilities of its meaning and point out at the radicalism of any assumed causality it may encompass. I use the critical conclusions to outline a preference framework that would not repeat the identified mistakes, which would, however, set out from the subjectivist-teleological perspective as well.
|
|
|
Inter-industry wage differentials in the Czech republic
Jelínková, Kateřina ; Sojka, Milan (advisor) ; Kameníček, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the inter-industry wage differentials in the Czech Republic. Inter-industry wage differentials are one of the very important topics of the discussion on marginal productivity theory that has not yet been explored for the Czech Republic. Taking advantage of the individual employer- employee matched data this thesis tests the applicability of unobserved characteristics theory for the Czech labor market. Based on the test on workers of low qualification the paper rejects the hypothesis of the great importance of unobserved characteristics for the determination of wage. The comparison of the Czech industry wage premia with the international standards and also the analysis of industries with high wage premia, namely with high profitability, enables the description of the Czech labor market with the use of the fair wage theory of George Akerlof and the theory of rent-sharing. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
The role of direct foreign investments in the Russian economy
Karmalkova, Evgeniya ; Sojka, Milan (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
Today, the urgency of inflow use of foreign capital investments in the Russian economy is obvious. The aspiration for openness of the economy, increase of the competitiveness of national industries, reestablishment of the confidence in the world market, the participation in the international financial exchange cause the necessity to create conditions for attraction of foreign investments. One of the major problems of reforming and modernization of the Russian economy is the ability to attract foreign direct investments. As considering serious technological gap of the Russian economy in the majority of positions, the foreign capital which could bring new (for Russia) technologies and modem methods of management is simply of utmost importance for Russia. The inflow of foreign capital investments is vitally important for the achievement of such purposes, as a way out from crisis and a basis for initial development of the economy. The Russian public interests cannot always coincide with the interests of foreign investors. It is important to involve capitals in a way that does not deprive their owners of motivations, and at the same time directing actions of investors for the welfare of the public purposes. The aim of my thesis is the complex research of a role of foreign direct investments in the economy of...
|
|
|
The Jewish business activities in the Czech Republic
Šiková, Dominika ; Půlpán, Karel (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the special chapter of Czech economic history - the Jewish business activities. Its goal is to point out the importance, which Jewry has given to the economics in Czech countries. The first chapter focuses on the industrial revolution, when the great success in industry and business had occurred; the second one describes progress of the industries and points out the role of Jewish companies and financial institutions. The next chapter is devoted to Petschek, Gutmann and Rothschild families, which had influenced economic and political life in Czech Republic. The last chapter bears the interestingness about lives and enterprise of the most widely known businessmen and their companies, still famous, which make the Czech Republic well-known abroad. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
On the nature of the divergent economic outcomes during the post-Socialist transition
Skorokhodova, Irina ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
The focus of this thesis is to introduce the reader with the recent developments in the countries in transition from the centrally-planned economy towards a "healthy" democratic system with free market relations. The main aim is to analyze the divergence of paths the countries have experienced in the course of transition, particularly, the rapid recession and a following recovery, since it is critical for any country already experiencing the transition (from any system "A" towards any system "B") or just preparing itself for the process. The comparative analysis in the form of case-by-case and point-by-point methods dominates in the research. The work tries to answer two basic questions: "Why had the post-Socialist countries in transition face a serious output decrease and, generally, an economic recession?" and "Why the developments were divergent throughout the region?" The existence of output recession is proved with the help of several economic indicators, such as evolution of GDP, inflation rate, registered unemployment rate, Human Development Index, composition of GDP by sector, but also G1NI coefficient and poverty ratio, etc. Initial conditions index, Transition progress indicator, Liberalization index, Index of institutional quality, etc. support the second part of the thesis. In search for reasons...
|
|
|
The Russian Federation in 1998-2005
Petchenko, Rostyslav ; Půlpán, Karel (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
This thesis studies the process of transformation in Russia since 1998, when the Russian financial crisis emerged. It revealed weaknesses of the Russian economy and influenced the economic and political situation. Its occurrence was not an accident and had had its roots in the previous years. In this connection I introduce a short characterization of the period before the crisis. The first chapter contains the analysis of assumptions of the crisis and factors that induced it. The second chapter describes Putin's coming, his targets, changes in the political system and Russian economic trends of that period. In the third chapter I will look into the position of the state in the world economy, define briefly its relations with different international and regional organizations, eventually participation in them. Then I will interrogate the relationship between the Russian Federation and the European Union. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
| |
|
|
Corruption practices in Bulgaria during the transition and the impact of the EU accession
Velikov, Svetlozar ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
It is now widely recognized that corruption is harmful for economic growth, that it decreases enormously the effectiveness of aid and that it increases poverty. Corruption is a fundamental obstacle for economic development. In Eastern Europe, the radical shift in economic and political systems that occurred after 1989 made existing forms of corruption more visible and opened opportunities for new forms of corrupt practices. Bulgaria is a striking example of a country which was on the edge of economic and political collapse in the mid nineties because of the skyrocketing corruption practices in particular spheres of economic political and social life. Nowadays, ten years after the big crisis Bulgaria is a full fledged member of the European Union (EU) but even in this new reality the struggle against corruption remains the main challenge before the new governments. This thesis will outline and analyze the genesis and uncontrolled growth of corruption processes in Bulgaria during the transition period. It will provide a vast theoretical framework of the issue with definitions spheres and forms of corruption as well as a view on the corruption as a phenomenon of the transition countries. Anticorruption strategies and measures to tackle and overcome corruption in Bulgaria will be examined together with...
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.