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Legislative process in public administration
Sedláčková, Pavlína ; Pomahač, Richard (advisor) ; Pítrová, Lenka (referee)
Legislative process in public administration Abstract This diploma thesis addresses the legislative process in public administration. The aim was to approach the procedure for the adoption of legislation by the government and to describe the legislative activity of the authors of this legislation, which are the already mentioned ministries and other administrative authorities. The activities of territorial self-governing units and their procedure for adopting generally binding decrees and regulations of the municipality/region were also described in passing. The thesis reflects the important case law of the Constitutional Court specifying both the requirements for issuing by-laws based on individual types of authorization provided by the Constitution of the Czech Republic and in terms of the binding nature of the Government Legislative Rules in the form of government resolutions. The thesis deals with the issue of mandatory requirements of the legislative acts, without which they should not be discussed by the government, as well as the position and role of the Legislative Council, which is only an advisory body to the government irreplaceable. The issue of law-making has proved to be neither the electronic collection of laws and international treaties (eSbirka), where the paper Collection of Laws, nor the...
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School furniture in relation to the issue of poor posture of pupils in 1st and 2nd school classes in České Budějovice
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Pavlína
School furniture is one of the risk factors contributing to the formation and development of poor posture. I paid attention to pupils of the first and second years of primary school, because they present a high-risk group due to the sudden passage from a spontaneous physical activity to a long-term static strain at school. The aim of the study was to map the suitability of ergonomic parameters of school furniture for pupils of the first and second years of primary school and to assess its influence on the development of poor posture. I focused on the chair height, the seat depth, the backrest and the worktop height and angle. I also wanted to examine teachers' awareness on the issue of school furniture, the proper seating posture and possibilities to compensate the static strain of children. The research group consisted of 146 pupils of the first and second years of randomly selected primary schools in České Budějovice. The theoretical part was elaborated by the document content analysis, the research was done in three steps. First, the quantitative interview method through questionnaires distributed to the parents of respondents was used. This was followed by investigations in classes and the last step was to answer additional questions to teachers and the school management. The results show that 88% of respondents use ergonomically unsuitable furniture, there is a greater incidence of negative findings in the furniture of the first year pupils in all investigated parameters, except low chairs and worktops, but these are only present in inconsiderable numbers. A significant association was found between sub-standard school furniture and pains in the back, head, arms and legs, leading to the formation and development of poor posture. Teachers´ awareness of this issue is good, but in my opinion it is inadequate in terms prevention. Early preventive measures can affect the condition of the movement apparatus in adulthood. Family and school should be the first involved. But an equally important role should be played by pediatricians and professionals in the public health protection, who should act not only as an inspection, but mainly as an advisory body. Therefore, it is important to increase the awareness of the general public and teachers on work chair and desk ergonomics, the proper seating posture and possibilities for a long-term static strain compensation.
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Use of pupil`s free time
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Pavlína
Various branches of science deal with interpretation of leisure time. It is possible to view leisure time from various perspectives {--} pedagogical, psychological, sociological, economic, health-hygienic, political etc. Leisure time is generally considered to be the period of time when people freely make decisions about activities they want to perform at the moment. It is concerned with out-of-work activity or extracurricular activity which is not connected to meeting individual or existence needs. The art of using leisure time well belongs to one of social indicators of life quality. Active leisure activities, in addition to fulfilling current desires and relaxation, also perform a lot of social functions. Especially in young adults and children they serve as an effective social prevention and are important parts of the process of developing value system and priorities. The title of this thesis is Leisure time utilization in primary school pupils. I focused my attention on children because they belong among the most risky population groups from the perspective of incorrect choice of leisure time activities which can lead to development of socially pathological phenomena. The objective of the thesis is to make a survey of leisure time activities of primary school pupils in České Budějovice and to find out whether there is a difference in leisure time utilization in pupils of the 1st and 2nd grades of primary schools and the 2nd grade of primary schools and multi-year grammar schools. Theoretical part of the thesis is compiled by content analysis from documents stated in the list of used resources. For the empirical part I have chosen the quantitative method of questioning using questionnaires which were distributed in 5th and 7th grades of randomly selected primary schools and 2nd grades of randomly selected multi-year grammar schools in České Budějovice. Charts and graphs are used to present the results. Objectives of the thesis were accomplished. The results show that respondents mainly perform mentally active and passive activities. In 5th grades of primary schools and in 2nd grades of multi-year grammar schools the active mental activity predominates over the passive mental activity, in 7th grades it is the other way round. All three groups of respondents spend least time doing a physical activity. Hypothesis that 1st grade primary school pupils use their leisure time more actively than 2nd grade pupils was
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