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Changes of gut microbiome in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
Schierová, Dagmar ; Jirásková Zákostelská, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee) ; Kohout, Pavel (referee)
(EN) Microbes have coevolved with humans forming symbiotic communities that constantly challenge the immune system and, when imbalanced, could lead to diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD suffer from microbial dysbiosis and chronic inflammation which could be potentiated by immune system reaction to the commensal microbiota. In the research presented here, firstly I have focused on the description of the gut and skin microbiome from patients with IBD and secondly, I investigated the process of antimicrobial defense. Patients with IBD on two different biological therapies targeting TNFα, IL-12 and IL-23 cytokines were tracked for changes in their gut and skin microbiome features. Although, neither differences in gut microbial diversity nor composition were linked with the progression of the therapies, an increased similarity to the healthy control group at week 38 of anti-TNFα therapy was found. This shift in microbiome could be considered beneficial and could be attributed to the inflammation reducing effect of the therapy. While analyzing the microbiome features, various patient characteristics were taken into account and the sources microbiome of variability were uncovered, out of which the interindividual variability stood out the most. Regarding the skin microbiome,...
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Human gut microbiome: Origin, ontogenetic development, diversity and its use in anthropology
Dvořáková, Barbora ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Schierová, Dagmar (referee)
Human gut microbiome is a broad term encompassing all microorganismal life inhabiting the human gut. The bacteria living in the human gut represents the largest group of the human microbiome, make up the significant percentage of the human cellular composition and their genomes comprise a big part of the human genome. Gut microbiome has a significant role in human health and changes throughout the human life in reaction e.g. to change of diet and medical drug usage. This work pursues the acquisition and development of gut microbiome, the factors influencing its formation and diversity, and its use in anthropology.
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Human gut microbiome: Origin, ontogenetic development, diversity and its use in anthropology
Dvořáková, Barbora ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Schierová, Dagmar (referee)
Human gut microbiome is a broad term encompassing all microorganismal life inhabiting the human gut. The bacteria living in the human gut represents the largest group of the human microbiome, make up the significant percentage of the human cellular composition and their genomes comprise a big part of the human genome. Gut microbiome has a significant role in human health and changes throughout the human life in reaction e.g. to change of diet and medical drug usage. This work pursues the acquisition and development of gut microbiome, the factors influencing its formation and diversity, and its use in anthropology.
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