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Design of dualband antenna for WiFi USB Dongle
Prchal, Lukáš ; Tkadlec, Roman (referee) ; Wolanský, David (advisor)
This project deals with the design of dual band antenna for the receiving of Wi-Fi signal integrated to the USB key receiver, which can be connected to notebook or PC with the help of interface and receive available Wi-fi signal . The center frequencies were chosen for 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz where the Wi-Fi signal operates and for these frequencies the antenna has been tuned. The antenna has been designed and simulated in CST Microwave Studio 2010. The first part of this work deals with the design of dual band antenna. Next, the resonant frequencies of the antenna are optimized in order to compensate the influence of the plastic housing and the electronic part of the USB key.
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The changes in flubendazole metabolism during life cycle of nematode
Salvová, Martina ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Prchal, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Martina Salvová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The changes in flubendazole metabolism during life cycle of nematode The nematode barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus) is an infectious pathogen that causes gastrointestinal haemonchosis in ruminants. Its life cycle consists of egg, larval (L1, L2 and L3) and adult stages. Haemonchosis is a common and widespread disease of farm animals, which causes significant global economic losses. Whereas the treatment of haemonchosis is mainly based on pharmacotherapy using anthelmintics, the increasing drug resistance of barber's pole worm to these drugs is a big problem. Hence, the study of the mechanisms of the development of drug resistance in this parasite is in the foreground of scientific interest. One of the mechanisms of resistance may be an increased ability to deactivate the anthelmintics. In the case of the benzimidazole anthelmintic flubendazole, deactivation is based on a reduction of the carbonyl group by the enzymes aldo-ketoreductases and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases. The metabolite with decreased anthelmintic efficacy is produced by the reduction of flubendazole, and in this way, nematodes...
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The changes in flubendazole metabolism during life cycle of nematode
Salvová, Martina ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Prchal, Lukáš (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Martina Salvová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The changes in flubendazole metabolism during life cycle of nematode The nematode barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus) is an infectious pathogen that causes gastrointestinal haemonchosis in ruminants. Its life cycle consists of egg, larval (L1, L2 and L3) and adult stages. Haemonchosis is a common and widespread disease of farm animals, which causes significant global economic losses. Whereas the treatment of haemonchosis is mainly based on pharmacotherapy using anthelmintics, the increasing drug resistance of barber's pole worm to these drugs is a big problem. Hence, the study of the mechanisms of the development of drug resistance in this parasite is in the foreground of scientific interest. One of the mechanisms of resistance may be an increased ability to deactivate the anthelmintics. In the case of the benzimidazole anthelmintic flubendazole, deactivation is based on a reduction of the carbonyl group by the enzymes aldo-ketoreductases and short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases. The metabolite with decreased anthelmintic efficacy is produced by the reduction of flubendazole, and in this way, nematodes...
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Transport and biotransformation of anthelmintics in susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus)
Prchal, Lukáš ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Lamka, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lukáš Prchal Supervisor: Doc. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Transport and biotransformation of anthelmintics in susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus Contortus) Haemonchosis is a worldwide problem, which endanger breeding of small ruminants. This disease is caused by nematode Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus), which parasites inside stomachs of host animals, causing anaemia and in many cases death. Pharmacotherapy is the most used way to prevent and/or threat animals. The use of benzimidazole anthemintics is very common, but it's failing more and more often because of resistance of parasites to pharmacotherapy. The most common reason of resistance is mutation in the gene for β-tubuline, which is target for benzimidazoles. This research focuses at the other possible mechanism of resistance, which is resistance based on enzymes and metabolism. One of the aims of this thesis was to compare the metabolism of the anthelmintic drug flubendazole in three different strains of H. contortus: the ISE strain (susceptible to common anthelmintics), the BR strain (resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics) and the WR strain (resistant to all...
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Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development
Prchal, Lukáš ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hrdý, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Radim (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate Mgr. Lukáš Prchal Supervisor prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development Parasitic helminths such as tapeworms, flukes or nematodes pose a threat for domestic, farm and wild living animals. Helminths cause significant health problems in animals. Moreover, they cause economical losses to farmers due to production decrease and treatment costs. The treatment with veterinary anthelmintics is still a basic method to fight off helminth infections. However, the long-term use of anthelmintics caused an emergence of resistance to anthelmintics. The increasing incidence of multiresistant strains of many helminth species is the greatest problem. Therefore, research of drug resistance mechanisms became an actual field of study. Increased biotransformation of anthelmintics, transport out of parasite bodies and contact of lower developmental stages with anthelmintics in the environment are some of possible mechanisms that lead to decrease of anthelmintic therapy effectivity and resistance development. The presented thesis focuses on the study of these mechanisms in three helminth...
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Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development
Prchal, Lukáš ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hrdý, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Radim (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate Mgr. Lukáš Prchal Supervisor prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development Parasitic helminths such as tapeworms, flukes or nematodes pose a threat for domestic, farm and wild living animals. Helminths cause significant health problems in animals. Moreover, they cause economical losses to farmers due to production decrease and treatment costs. The treatment with veterinary anthelmintics is still a basic method to fight off helminth infections. However, the long-term use of anthelmintics caused an emergence of resistance to anthelmintics. The increasing incidence of multiresistant strains of many helminth species is the greatest problem. Therefore, research of drug resistance mechanisms became an actual field of study. Increased biotransformation of anthelmintics, transport out of parasite bodies and contact of lower developmental stages with anthelmintics in the environment are some of possible mechanisms that lead to decrease of anthelmintic therapy effectivity and resistance development. The presented thesis focuses on the study of these mechanisms in three helminth...
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Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development
Prchal, Lukáš ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Hrdý, Ivan (referee) ; Kučera, Radim (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate Mgr. Lukáš Prchal Supervisor prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Anthelmintic and other xenobiotic biotransformation in helminths and its contribution to resistance development Parasitic helminths such as tapeworms, flukes or nematodes pose a threat for domestic, farm and wild living animals. Helminths cause significant health problems in animals. Moreover, they cause economical losses to farmers due to production decrease and treatment costs. The treatment with veterinary anthelmintics is still a basic method to fight off helminth infections. However, the long-term use of anthelmintics caused an emergence of resistance to anthelmintics. The increasing incidence of multiresistant strains of many helminth species is the greatest problem. Therefore, research of drug resistance mechanisms became an actual field of study. Increased biotransformation of anthelmintics, transport out of parasite bodies and contact of lower developmental stages with anthelmintics in the environment are some of possible mechanisms that lead to decrease of anthelmintic therapy effectivity and resistance development. The presented thesis focuses on the study of these mechanisms in three helminth...
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Transport and biotransformation of anthelmintics in susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus)
Prchal, Lukáš ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Lamka, Jiří (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Lukáš Prchal Supervisor: Doc. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Transport and biotransformation of anthelmintics in susceptible and resistant strains of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus Contortus) Haemonchosis is a worldwide problem, which endanger breeding of small ruminants. This disease is caused by nematode Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus), which parasites inside stomachs of host animals, causing anaemia and in many cases death. Pharmacotherapy is the most used way to prevent and/or threat animals. The use of benzimidazole anthemintics is very common, but it's failing more and more often because of resistance of parasites to pharmacotherapy. The most common reason of resistance is mutation in the gene for β-tubuline, which is target for benzimidazoles. This research focuses at the other possible mechanism of resistance, which is resistance based on enzymes and metabolism. One of the aims of this thesis was to compare the metabolism of the anthelmintic drug flubendazole in three different strains of H. contortus: the ISE strain (susceptible to common anthelmintics), the BR strain (resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics) and the WR strain (resistant to all...
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Design of dualband antenna for WiFi USB Dongle
Prchal, Lukáš ; Tkadlec, Roman (referee) ; Wolanský, David (advisor)
This project deals with the design of dual band antenna for the receiving of Wi-Fi signal integrated to the USB key receiver, which can be connected to notebook or PC with the help of interface and receive available Wi-fi signal . The center frequencies were chosen for 2,4 GHz and 5 GHz where the Wi-Fi signal operates and for these frequencies the antenna has been tuned. The antenna has been designed and simulated in CST Microwave Studio 2010. The first part of this work deals with the design of dual band antenna. Next, the resonant frequencies of the antenna are optimized in order to compensate the influence of the plastic housing and the electronic part of the USB key.
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