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Processes in the forest vegetation of thermophyticum in the past decades
Pospíšková, Marie ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Szabó, Péter (referee)
The thermophilous forests, especially their herb layer, are important from the conservational as well as from the cultural point of view because they represent unique communities directly and indirectly affected by man on the long term basis. Since the 19th century the way these communities are affected changed significantly, the same way as the whole society changed, and the vegetation responded by shift of species composition, diversity and also changes of the spatial structure. This thesis brings together the most relevant changes of vegetation and their causes. However, there is similar situation in the whole Europe, or more widely in the whole temperate zone, thus there are references also for other countries. Regarding historical ecology, one of the most studied countries is the Great Britain, which is mentioned the most often in this work.
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Forest vegetation in Eastern Elbe Basin in the mid-20th century and today
Pospíšková, Marie ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
This thesis describes the shift in vegetation of broadleaf forests in eastern part of the Elbe River Basin between 1958-1968 and 2011-2013. It emphasizes the understorey vegetation. From lowland woodlands in other temperate regions in Europe and North America changes towards eutrophic and mesophytic vegetation are documented, specifically driven by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions; in some localities the game impact can be also important. The data were obtained by sampling 190 typological semi-permanent plots, which were precisely located - in 43% the original soil pit was found. The vegetation on study sites shifted towards nutrient-demanding, shade- adapted species, it was partly ruderalized. These changes can be seen on the level of species and communities as well as on phytosociological level. Increase of soil pH and moisture was discovered using Ellenberg indicator values. The number of seedlings and cover of shrubs also increased significantly. Homogenization of sites was significant as well although total number of species and alpha- diversity remained unchanged. These changes are probably caused by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions of nitrogen. On subset of plots in game-preserves the vegetation also demonstrated eutrophication but no increase in...
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Forest vegetation in Eastern Elbe Basin in the mid-20th century and today
Pospíšková, Marie ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
This thesis describes the shift in vegetation of broadleaf forests in eastern part of the Elbe River Basin between 1958-1968 and 2011-2013. It emphasizes the understorey vegetation. From lowland woodlands in other temperate regions in Europe and North America changes towards eutrophic and mesophytic vegetation are documented, specifically driven by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions; in some localities the game impact can be also important. The data were obtained by sampling 190 typological semi-permanent plots, which were precisely located - in 43% the original soil pit was found. The vegetation on study sites shifted towards nutrient-demanding, shade- adapted species, it was partly ruderalized. These changes can be seen on the level of species and communities as well as on phytosociological level. Increase of soil pH and moisture was discovered using Ellenberg indicator values. The number of seedlings and cover of shrubs also increased significantly. Homogenization of sites was significant as well although total number of species and alpha- diversity remained unchanged. These changes are probably caused by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions of nitrogen. On subset of plots in game-preserves the vegetation also demonstrated eutrophication but no increase in...
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Processes in the forest vegetation of thermophyticum in the past decades
Pospíšková, Marie ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Szabó, Péter (referee)
The thermophilous forests, especially their herb layer, are important from the conservational as well as from the cultural point of view because they represent unique communities directly and indirectly affected by man on the long term basis. Since the 19th century the way these communities are affected changed significantly, the same way as the whole society changed, and the vegetation responded by shift of species composition, diversity and also changes of the spatial structure. This thesis brings together the most relevant changes of vegetation and their causes. However, there is similar situation in the whole Europe, or more widely in the whole temperate zone, thus there are references also for other countries. Regarding historical ecology, one of the most studied countries is the Great Britain, which is mentioned the most often in this work.
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