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The bird communities at anthropogenic sites in the farmland: which factors affect the species abundance and diversity?
ŠTANGELOVÁ, Klára
Since the second half of the twentieth century, farmland birds have been among the most declining bird communities, and presently their numbers continue to drop. Factors behind the decline of the abundance and diversity are the loss of landscape heterogeneity, excessive use of pesticides, modernisation of rural areas and countryside, and urbanisation or brownfields restoration. In this thesis, I focus on the description of the abovementioned factors. The thesis also aims to analyse the data acquired from the databases of the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, as well as to detect numbers and species diversity at eight selected anthropogenic sites. Amongst these sites are both active and abandoned farmsteads, manure heaps, industrial areas, train stations, quarries, grasslands, and woodlots.
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Butterflies in Czech Republic ZOOs: Evaluation of a collective survey
SÝKOROVÁ, Karolína
The thesis analyses inventory of butterflies in 20 Czech Republic zoological gardens, carried out in 2022-2023. The butterfly fauna of invididual ZOOs is diverse and highly variable. In total, 56 butterflies and 3 burntet moths were recorded. Records of 14 species included in the national red list (1 endangered, 3 vulnerable, 10 near threatened) emphasize the conservatoin potential of ZOOs. Regressions of species richness revealed importance of the factors, which affect species richness of other clearly delimited land units, namely on area (correlated with annual budget and numbers of visitors in case of the ZOOs) and altitude range, as proxy for habitat diversity. Applying indirect (DCA) and direct (RDA) ordination methods failed to detect predictors of species' composition. This was probaby due to relatively small sample size, compared with the diversity of individual ZOOs.
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Habitat selection by dragonflies - effect of littoral and riparian vegetation
Bonková, Anita ; Černý, Martin (advisor) ; Waldhauser, Martin (referee)
Dragonflies form one of the important pillars of most aquatic ecosystems and play an important role in maintaining their balance. The main goal of this bachelor's thesis is to summarize current knowledge about the habitat preferences of members of the order Odonata, with a focus on the effect of littoral and riparian vegetation, which are critical components of aquatic biotopes and significantly influence the distribution, abundance and reproductive success of dragonflies. In my work, I focus on all developmental stages, from larvae to adults. These findings are important for the maintenance and revitalization of freshwater ecosystems, in which it is necessary to pay attention to the composition of littoral and riparian vegetation to support the diverse needs of this unique insect order. Key words: habitat preference, dragonflies, Odonata, riparian vegetation, littoral vegetation
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Relativní početnost zvěře a intenzita okusů letorostů na rozsáhlých kalamitních plochách
Brunclík, Martin
This bachelor's thesis deals with the problem of the negative influence of game animals on the growth of unsecured forest culture, recording and evaluating the resulting damage on ten test areas, which were determined according to specific criteria in the territory of the military district of Březina, specifically in the section under the administration of LS Rychtářov, which is part of the Plumlov Division, which falls under the corporate unit Military Forests and Farms of the Czech Republic, s.p. At the same time, the relative frequency of game animals was analyzed using a methodology based on records of droppings. Individual surfaces were compared with each other.
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Vliv intenzity hospodaření při obnově dubových porostů v oblasti soutoku Dyje a Moravy na diverzitu pavouků (Araneae)
Rychlá Hulejová, Petra
In this thesis, the intensity of management (presence of mechanical soil preparation) of the post-harvest stand and its effect on spider communities was investigated. There were chosen ten locations for the research, which were divided into 5 intensively managed and 5 extensively managed plots. A ground trapping transect was placed in each plot. Sampling were made on the following dates: 18 May 2021, 17 June 2021, 19 July 2021, 19 August 2021, 01 October 2021. A total of 7001 individuals belonging to 16 families and 85 species were captured, of which 12 species were on the Red List of Protected Species in the Czech Republic. Pardosa lugubris was the most abundant species and Trochosa spinipalpis from the Red List species. The most abundant family found during the survey was the representative of the family Linyphiidae. Primarily individuals with a ground hunting strategy were captured in the ground trapping survey. However, a number of net species were also present. The number of species was significantly higher in areas extensively managed without mechanical soil preparation. The conservation value and abundance of rare and endangered species was also significantly higher in plots under extensive management. It was also found that the effect of management did not affect the overall abundance of spiders. Significant factors influencing spider species composition included vegetation cover and the presence of small wood residues covering the soil surface. According to the results, it can be concluded that extensive management has a positive effect on spiders. Therefore, we recommend this type of management as a positive method that could be further used in the restoration of oak forests in the Soutok Forest Reserve, or in other areas with valuable floodplain forests.
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Analýza využitelnosti jednoduchých indikátorů pastevního tlaku zvěře na les pro plánování lovu v honitbách
Rachůnek, Karel
This work deals with the analysis and evaluation of the usability of simple indicators of grazing pressure of game on the forest. The territory in the Zlín region was selected for the elaboration of this bachelor's thesis, specifically the hunting of MS Kyčera. The field survey was performed by the patrol method. Data from control and comparison areas (CCA), transects and artificial cultures were used to assess damage. Eight stands were selected for evaluation. Three main tree species in the area were evaluated, namely beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and white fir (Abies alba). Based on the damage by grazing pressure, the number of ungulates in the given area was evaluated.
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