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History and current state of recreational mathematics and its relation to serious mathematics
Bártlová, Tereza ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Silva, Jorge Nuno (referee) ; Levy, Doron (referee)
Dissertation abstract The present thesis is devoted to the study of recreational mathematics, with a particular emphasis on its history, its relation to serious mathematics and its educational benefits. The thesis consists of five papers. In the first one we investigate the history of recreational mathematics. We focus on the development of mathematical problems throughout history, and we try to point out the people who had an important influence on the progress of recreational mathematics. The second article is dedicated to Edwin Abbott Abbott and his book called Flatland. It is one of the first popularizing books on geometry. In the third article we review one of the prominent personalities of recreational mathematics, Martin Gardner. The fourth article is in some sense a sequel to the third one. It deals with treachery of mathematical intuition and mathematical April Fool's hoaxes. The last article is devoted to the implementation recreational mathematics to education of students. 1
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Weighted rearrangement-invariant spaces and their basic properties
Soudský, Filip ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Soria, Javier (referee) ; Barza, Sorina (referee)
In this thesis we shall provide the reader with results in the field of classical Lorentz spaces. These spaces have been studied since the 50's and have many applications in partial differential equations and interpolation theory. This work includes five papers. First paper studies the properties of Generalized Gamma spaces. Second paper provides an alternative proof of normability characterization of classical Lorentz spaces. The third paper discus conditions of linearity and quasi-norm property of rearrangement-invariant lattices. The following paper gives a characterization of normability of Gamma spaces. And finally the last paper characterizes the embeddings between Generalized Gamma spaces. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Behavior of one-dimensional integral operators on function spaces
Buriánková, Eva ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Nekvinda, Aleš (referee)
In this manuscript we study the action of one-dimensional integral operators on rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces. Our principal goal is to characterize optimal target and optimal domain spaces corresponding to given spaces within the category of rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces as well as to establish pointwise estimates of the non-increasing rearrangement of a given operator applied on a given function. We apply these general results to proving optimality relations between special rearrangement-invariant spaces. We pay special attention to the Laplace transform, which is a pivotal example of the operators in question. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Weighted inequalities and properties of operators and embeddings on function spaces
Slavíková, Lenka ; Pick, Luboš (advisor)
The present thesis is devoted to the study of various properties of Banach func- tion spaces, with a particular emphasis on applications in the theory of Sobolev spaces and in harmonic analysis. The thesis consists of four papers. In the first one we investigate higher-order embeddings of Sobolev-type spaces built upon rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces. In particular, we show that optimal higher-order Sobolev embeddings follow from isoperimetric inequal- ities. In the second paper we focus on the question when the above-mentioned Sobolev-type space is a Banach algebra with respect to a pointwise multiplica- tion of functions. An embedding of the Sobolev space into the space of essentially bounded functions is proved to be the answer to this question in several standard as well as nonstandard situations. The third paper is devoted to the problem of validity of the Lebesgue differentiation theorem in the context of rearrangement- invariant Banach function spaces. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the validity of this theorem given in terms of concavity of certain functional depending on the norm in question and we find also alternative characterizations expressed in terms of properties of a maximal operator related to the norm. The object of the final paper is the boundedness of the...
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Sobolev-type Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces
Malý, Lukáš ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Malý, Jan (referee) ; Shanmugalingam, Nages (referee)
Title: Sobolev-Type Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces Author: RNDr. Lukáš Malý Department: Department of Mathematical Analysis Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Luboš Pick, CSc., DSc., Department of Mathematical Analysis Abstract: is thesis focuses on function spaces related to rst-order analysis in abstract metric measure spaces. In metric spaces, we can replace distributional gra- dients, whose de nition depends on the linear structure of Rn , by upper gradients that control the functions' behavior along all recti able curves. is gives rise to the so-called Newtonian spaces. e summability condition, considered in the thesis, is expressed using a general Banach function lattice quasi-norm and so an extensive framework is built. Sobolev-type spaces (mainly based on the Lp norm) on metric spaces, and Newtonian spaces in particular, have been under intensive study since the mid- s. Standard toolbox for the theory is set up in this general setting and Newto- nian spaces are proven complete. Summability of an upper gradient of a function is shown to guarantee the function's absolute continuity on almost all curves. Ex- istence of a unique minimal weak upper gradient is established. Regularization of Newtonian functions via Lipschitz truncations is discussed in doubling Poincaré spaces using weak boundedness of maximal...
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Positioning of Orlicz space and optimality
Musil, Vít ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Hencl, Stanislav (referee)
Given a rearrangement-invariant Banach function space Y (Ω), we consider the problem of the existence of an optimal (largest) domain Or- licz space LA (Ω) satisfying the Sobolev embedding Wm LA (Ω) !Y (Ω). We present a complete solution of this problem within the class of Marcinkiewicz endpoint spaces which covers several important examples.
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Function Spaces and Algebras
Mihula, Zdeněk ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Hencl, Stanislav (referee)
The primary purpose of this thesis is to determine when a function space is equivalent to an algebra, that is, when it is closed with respect to pointwise multiplication. Firstly, the theory of some function spaces, namely Lebesgue Lp spaces, the class of Banach function spaces, rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces, Morrey spaces, Campanato spaces, and weak−L∞ , is introduced. Secondly, a general necessary condition, as well as a general sufficient condition, for a function space to be equivalent to an algebra is given. In each of these two conditions, a crucial role is played by the space L∞ . Furthermore, as a corollary, a characterisation when a Banach function space is equivalent to an algebra is obtained. Thereafter, a few examples illustrating possible usage of these results are presented. After that, a special case when a Banach function space is rearrangement invariant is dealt with. Lastly, the matter of equivalence to an algebra is addressed for the function spaces introduced before. 1
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Covering theorems
Jirůtková, Petra ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Gurka, Petr (referee)
V této práci se zabýváme r·znými pokrývacími větami a jejich ap- likacemi. Kromě klasických pokrývacích vět (Vitaliova, Besicovitchova a Whitney- ova věta) zde uvádíme i některá jejich zobecnění a další pokrývací věty. Tyto věty pak používáme v d·kazech dalších vět, některé jsou typickými aplikacemi pokrý- vacích vět jako například Lebesgueova věta o derivování, slabý typ (1,1) maximál- ního operátoru nebo Calderónovo-Zygmundovo lemma, v jejichž d·kazech hrají pokrývací věty klíčovou roli. Dále se zabýváme nerovnostmi mezi operátory, po- mocí pokrývacích vět dokazujeme vztahy mezi Hardyovým-Littlewoodovým max- imálním operátorem, maximálním singulárním integrálním operátorem a ostrým maximálním operátorem. 1
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Laplaceova transformace na prostorech funkcí
Buriánková, Eva ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Nekvinda, Aleš (referee)
In this manuscript we study the action of the Laplace transform on rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces. Our principal goal is to characterize the optimal range space corresponding to a given domain space within the category of rearrangement-invariant Banach function spaces. We first prove a key pointwise estimate of the non-increasing rearrangement of the image under the Laplace transform of a given function. Then we use this inequality to carry out the construction of the optimal range space. We apply this general result to establish an optimality relation between the Lebesgue and Lorentz spaces under the Laplace transform.
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Weighted rearrangement-invariant function spaces
Soudský, Filip ; Pick, Luboš (advisor) ; Nekvinda, Aleš (referee)
In this thesis we focus on generalized Gamma spaces GΓ(p, m, v) and classify some of their intrinsic properties. In an article called Relative Re- arrangement Methods for Estimating Dual Norm (for details see references), the authors attempted to characterize their associate norms but obtained only several one-sided estimates. Equipped with these, they further showed reflexivity of gener- alized Gamma spaces for p ≥ 2 and m > 1 under an additional restriction that the underlying measure space is of finite measure. However, the full characterization of the associate norm and of the reflexivity of such spaces for 2 > p > 1 remained an open problem. In this thesis we shall fill this gap. We extend the theory to a σ-finite measure space. We present a complete characterization of the associate norm, and we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the reflexivity of such spaces. 1
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