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Optimization of rail waste transportation
Ambrozková, Anna ; Hrabec, Dušan (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on optimization of rail waste transportation. Theoretical part is about graph theory and optimization, where is introduced for example representation of graphs, network flows or linear programming. Practical part deals with comparison of road and rail networks, motivational example and at least with the application on real data of whole Czech Republic.
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Waste-based renewable energy production
Strapko, Tibor ; Touš, Michal (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
Following diploma thesis deals with waste-based renewable energy production. Waste is a very heterogeneous mixture consisting of various materials with different origin. This can be either fossil or biogenic. The very substances with biogenic origin are considered renewable energy source with financial support from state. Therefore is nowadays tendency to develop a method, which can determine the biogenic waste ratio. The method, aside possible cheapest price and simplicity, should be also reliable and easy reproducible due to its usage. At the beginning, thesis focuses on the waste-to-energy facilities. Important part deals with legislative side of this topic. The reasons, why Czech Republic is behind with thermal waste treating are stated as well as Czech Republic’s obligations to European Union in the field of biodegradable municipal solid waste. Main part of thesis deals with different methods to determine biogenic waste ratio in municipal solid waste. Step by step are introduces 4 known methods, where especially sorting, balance and 14C methods are described closely. By each method are stated its major benefits and handicaps in case of using. Finally, the computational model, which is based upon balance methods equations, is introduced following with feasibility study of balance method for local conditions. The very end of the thesis brings comparison of each method results, general summary, where are results of this thesis stated and possible trends for future in this area of expertise, as well.
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Analysis of operation data for purposes of optimization
Slavíček, Martin ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Touš, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with analysis of operation data for purposes of optimization. The thesis is divided into four chapters. First chapter focuses on present and future development in waste management legislation. It mainly deals with prevention, recycling and disposal of waste. Second chapter more closely describes waste-to-energy process. This chapter also describes the technology of municipal waste incinerator in Liberec, Termizo, a.s. Third chapter starts with description of tools used in design of the models based on operation data. Then the models for individual technological nodes are described. The last part is focused on building a complex model of Termizo using previous results.
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Applications of scheduling algorithms in railway transportation
Fajmon, Michal ; Kokrda, Lukáš (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis is focused on creation of mathematical model, which uses multiple methodsforwastecollectionatthelevelofmunicipalities.Modelisfocusedon railfreight transport. Main reasons are of lower production of emissions and reduction of burden on road traffic. In order to create model, the knowledge of graph theory, integer and linear programmingisused.CreatedmodelisimplementedinGAMSenvironmentonsmallscale data. At the end there are stated possibilities for further development of the model.
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Trends in geographical information systems applications in waste management
Polášek, Marek ; Gregor, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is explanation of geographical information system issue and their application in waste management. The first part introduces the concepts of geographical information system and waste management, second part deals with usual GIS applications in waste management including the perspective trends, third part contains the overview of existing GIS software solutions and platforms including the mobile apps. Fourth part presents the specific design of GIS system for waste management.
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Approximation of spatially-distributed hierarchically organized data
Smejkalová, Veronika ; Žák, Libor (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The forecast of the waste production is an important information for planning in waste management. The historical data often consists of short time series, therefore traditional prognostic approaches fail. The mathematical model for forecasting of future waste production based on spatially distributed data with hierarchically structure is suggested in this thesis. The approach is based on principles of regression analysis with final balance to ensure the compliance of aggregated data values. The selection of the regression function is a part of mathematical model for high-quality description of data trend. In addition, outlier values are cleared, which occur abundantly in the database. The emphasis is on decomposition of extensive model into subtasks, which lead to a simpler implementation. The output of this thesis is tool tested within case study on municipal waste production data in the Czech Republic.
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Selected optimization models in logistics
Málek, Martin ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on optimization models in logistics, which are solved by linear programming. Theoretical part introduces basic terms of graph theory, optimization, linear programming and network flows. Practical part contains mathematical models, their implementation, and obtained results. Furthermore, real-world application is solved at the end.
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Modeling the Impacts of Changes in Waste Management on Key Technologies
Jadrný, Josef ; Suzová, Jana (referee) ; Weidlich, Tomáš (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The doctoral thesis focuses on waste management planning in the Czech Republic with regard to key technologies. The operation of processing facilities is influenced by strategic documents that reflect the legislative framework of the EU and the Czech Republic. Due to the introduction of new principles and evaluation criteria, it is necessary to regularly update the Waste Management Plan at the state and regional level, according to the Waste Act No. 541/2020 Coll. When creating new strategic documents, emphasis should be placed on the use of available computing tools, inter-regional cooperation and the specific formulation of goals and measures. The individual goals of waste management must be taken into account when operating existing facilities and also when planning the necessary infrastructure. The attention in this text is devoted to the analysis of the current state of waste management in the Liberec Region with a focus on key technologies. The mentioned approaches and recommendations can be further applied to any region of the Czech Republic.
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Feasibility of Low-Capacity Waste-to-Energy Plants in the Czech Republic
Putna, Ondřej ; Frýba, Lukáš (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of small-scale waste to energy plants in the Czech Republic. In the first part, there is a survey of the corresponding literature and general evaluation of the specificities of these plants. The next section analyzes the technical and economic indicators of a specific technology by Microsoft Excel model. Finally, recommendations for small-scale waste to energy plants arising from the model are summarized.
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Optimization for the design of subsystems of energy-producing processes
Janošťák, František ; Bednář, Josef (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the design of a combustion grate. The key factor is the lower heating value of waste, which has been modelled based on the data obtained from a real combustion grate. The goal is to develop a combustion grate, which will function effectively whilst changing the lower heating values. Possible scenarios of the problem are mathematically formulated and implenented in GAMS enviroment. The outcome of this work are the parameters of the combustion grate.
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