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Manipulation in Diagrams Using Graphical Technics
Simonides, Jiří ; Svoboda, Aleš (advisor) ; Palek, Bohumil (referee)
The diploma thesis aims at three different categories of manipulations which are used in statistics and probability diagrams (charts) and chooses one of them, manipulation using graphical techniques, for quantitative research that follows the theoretical part. The three categories are analyzed in a diagram as a sign and their distinctions are investigated to prove singularity of each. This analysis is conducted twice. First, the manipulative diagram is analyzed in a system of signs created by Charles Sanders Peirce, with emphasis on the three phasis of an interpretans. Then, the analysis is performed in terms of mythology of Roland Barthes. Finally, even the third analysis is made in the framework of semiology of Jacques Bertin , which, however, focuses solely on the graphical techniques of manipulation. Emphasis is placed on visual variables and possible questions. Graphical manipulation techniques fall in two basic groups. The first represents graphical manipulation which uses its specific structure: axis, their intervals, location and size of labels, and the type of a diagram. The second group includes manipulation using general patterns of visual communication and representation. The research was conducted in secondary schools in Prague. A sample of nearly 400 students which were given a...
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Roger Bacon's Theory of Signs
Karľa, Michal ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Palek, Bohumil (referee)
The subject of this thesis is Roger Bacon`s work De signis. Its goal is to consider in what sense Bacon works out the general theory of signs. In this sense the thesis` method is situated in the field of "archeology of sings". First it examines Bacon`s definition of sign as a relation, investigates its formal properties and ways of application in particular cases, i.e. Bacon`s classification of signs. Then it shows the way in which Bacon applies this general notion in particular examinations, that is in problems of what the words signify, concept of univaocation and equivocation, theory of analogy and last but not least it considers a question of the nature of signification itself. The last chapter is dedicated to the examination of the (re)imposition phenomenon together with consideration of result it has on the notion of sign relation`s nature and how it serves as an explanation of the process in which these relations work. Keywords: Roger Bacon, John Deely, Charles S. Peirce, medieval semiotics, archeology of signs.
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Fantomas and The Seventh Seal - Analysis of Speech Acts
Brtáň, Martin ; Palek, Bohumil (advisor) ; Koťátko, Petr (referee)
Diploma work "Fantomas and The Seventh Seal - Analysis of Speech Acts" is a comparative analysis of dynamic sequences of speech acts performed in the movies Fantomas and The Seventh Seal. The speech acts are classified according to T. Ballmer and W. Brennenstuhl speech act classification. The structures, on which the sequences go on, revealed in the analytical process are compared. The work is divided into two parts: The first part brings about theory: Here a speech act is explained, as well as the principles on which Ballmer and Brennenstuhl have built their speech act classification. Further on, focus is aimed at relation between stimulus and response as a part of verbal behaviour and the modus and methods used in the process of analysis. The second part is empiric: The empiric findings of the structures of verbal behaviour in the movies Fantomas and The Seventh Seal are displayed in the form of Markov chains. The analysis results are presented in a description and comparison of Markov chains and as the findings of significant differences in the structures of dynamic sequences of speech acts between Fantomas and The Seventh Seal.
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Baptismal and burial rituals in the context of the liturgy of the Armenian apostolic church
Macková, Alžběta ; Palek, Bohumil (advisor) ; Černý, Václav (referee)
This study presents baptism and funeral rituals and other connected rites in the context ofthe present-day liturgy ofthe Armenian apostolical church. 1 On the basis of research earried out in Armenia and in the Armenian diaspora in Vienna, a comparison of differenees in liturgical practices in the Armenian community in Vienna and in the Church in the Armenian republic is proposed against the background of offieial liturgical forms. The first chapter recapitulates basie information on the Armenian apostolic chureh. It describes equally how and when Christianity appeared in the Armenian territory. It presents the roots ofthe liturgy ofthis Church and it highlights the manner in which this Chureh interprets the main liturgieal elements. The description of the administrative and jurisdietion strueture of the Armenian apostolieal church concludes this chapter. The second chapter defines the notion ofthe occasional services and the place of this concept in the liturgy ofthe Armenian apostolical chureh.2 Baptism and funeral rites are presented in the third and in the fourth ehapter that also analyze the liturgical and theological evolution of these rituals. The second part of both these ehapters introduees the present-day form of these rituals. The translation of the present-day form ofbaptism and funeralliturgy...
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Roger Bacon's Theory of Signs
Karľa, Michal ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Palek, Bohumil (referee)
The subject of this thesis is Roger Bacon`s work De signis. Its goal is to consider in what sense Bacon works out the general theory of signs. In this sense the thesis` method is situated in the field of "archeology of sings". First it examines Bacon`s definition of sign as a relation, investigates its formal properties and ways of application in particular cases, i.e. Bacon`s classification of signs. Then it shows the way in which Bacon applies this general notion in particular examinations, that is in problems of what the words signify, concept of univaocation and equivocation, theory of analogy and last but not least it considers a question of the nature of signification itself. The last chapter is dedicated to the examination of the (re)imposition phenomenon together with consideration of result it has on the notion of sign relation`s nature and how it serves as an explanation of the process in which these relations work. Keywords: Roger Bacon, John Deely, Charles S. Peirce, medieval semiotics, archeology of signs.
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Manipulation in Diagrams Using Graphical Technics
Simonides, Jiří ; Svoboda, Aleš (advisor) ; Palek, Bohumil (referee)
The diploma thesis aims at three different categories of manipulations which are used in statistics and probability diagrams (charts) and chooses one of them, manipulation using graphical techniques, for quantitative research that follows the theoretical part. The three categories are analyzed in a diagram as a sign and their distinctions are investigated to prove singularity of each. This analysis is conducted twice. First, the manipulative diagram is analyzed in a system of signs created by Charles Sanders Peirce, with emphasis on the three phasis of an interpretans. Then, the analysis is performed in terms of mythology of Roland Barthes. Finally, even the third analysis is made in the framework of semiology of Jacques Bertin , which, however, focuses solely on the graphical techniques of manipulation. Emphasis is placed on visual variables and possible questions. Graphical manipulation techniques fall in two basic groups. The first represents graphical manipulation which uses its specific structure: axis, their intervals, location and size of labels, and the type of a diagram. The second group includes manipulation using general patterns of visual communication and representation. The research was conducted in secondary schools in Prague. A sample of nearly 400 students which were given a...
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Epistemic modalities in Spoken Standard Tibetan
Vokurková, Zuzana ; Palek, Bohumil (advisor) ; Van Der Auwera, Johan (referee) ; Guentcheva, Zlatka (referee)
In my dissertation, I have studied one of the yet non-described parts of the grammar of spoken Standard Tibetan: the epistemic modalities. To convey epistemic meanings, spoken Standard Tibetan makes use of lexical and grammatical means (3.1., 3.2.). The latter one, the grammatical expression of epistemic meanings has, in the spoken language, developed into a complex system of epistemic verbal endings. As a result, I concentrated on identifying and classifying these epistemic endings. Since the present dissertation is concerned with the spoken language, fieldwork was an important part of my research work. Realized between the years 2002 and 2006 mostly in central Tibet but also in the diaspora, this fieldwork confirmed the division of Tibetan verbal endings in two sub-systems: evidential and epistemic. Although they share some functions, mainly the expression of the tense-aspect, they differ in the degree of certainty that the speaker attributes to his utterance. Furthermore, it has been revealed that there are at least a dozen of various types of epistemic endings commonly used in spoken Standard Tibetan that differ in the degree of certainty, geographic use and frequency (3.2.1.1., Chapter IV.). Altogether, I have described 44 epistemic endings and built their tense-aspect paradigm (3.2.2.4.1.). The...
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Baptismal and burial rituals in the context of the liturgy of the Armenian apostolic church
Macková, Alžběta ; Černý, Václav (referee) ; Palek, Bohumil (advisor)
This study presents baptism and funeral rituals and other connected rites in the context ofthe present-day liturgy ofthe Armenian apostolical church. 1 On the basis of research earried out in Armenia and in the Armenian diaspora in Vienna, a comparison of differenees in liturgical practices in the Armenian community in Vienna and in the Church in the Armenian republic is proposed against the background of offieial liturgical forms. The first chapter recapitulates basie information on the Armenian apostolic chureh. It describes equally how and when Christianity appeared in the Armenian territory. It presents the roots ofthe liturgy ofthis Church and it highlights the manner in which this Chureh interprets the main liturgieal elements. The description of the administrative and jurisdietion strueture of the Armenian apostolieal church concludes this chapter. The second chapter defines the notion ofthe occasional services and the place of this concept in the liturgy ofthe Armenian apostolical chureh.2 Baptism and funeral rites are presented in the third and in the fourth ehapter that also analyze the liturgical and theological evolution of these rituals. The second part of both these ehapters introduees the present-day form of these rituals. The translation of the present-day form ofbaptism and funeralliturgy...
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Anaforic items in Latin
Lüder, Dana ; Palek, Bohumil (advisor) ; Krylová, Barbora (referee) ; Veselovská, Ludmila (referee)
The goal of this dissertation is to analyze the use of anaphoric items in Latin, as they are classified in Chomsky's Binding Theory, and the determination of their antecedents. According to Chomsky's classification, reflexives, reciprocals, the empty subject of finite clauses pro, the empty subject of infinitive PRO, pronouns and R-expressions are examined. Traces are excluded from the analysis, because they are result of movement which I do not suppose to exist in Latin as non-configurational language. For each type of anaphoric items, constraints put on its antecedent are examined. These constraints, rules and tendencies are of different nature (syntactic, semantic, contextual, pragmatic). The aim of the analysis is to determine the degree of impact of each type of constraint for each anaphoric item, and especially to show possibilities and limitations of structural constraints formulated in Binding Theory in the form of Principles A, B and C. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Airport as Universe of Signs: Semiotics and pragmatics of urban space
Čerkovská, Regína ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Palek, Bohumil (referee)
The diploma paper "Airport as a universe of signs (semiotics and pragmatics of urban space)" offers a semiotic view on an international airport and analyses the signs which can be encountered within this specific area. The theoretical part introduces semiotics as a scientific discipline in a historical pesrpective from its beginnings to today. Sign, a crucial unit of all semiotics is defined and the diadic and triadic approaches are compared using the cases of two of semiotics' great personalities, F. de Saussure and Ch. S. Peirce. The basic binary opositions are explained and the topic of surveillance is addressed. The practical part is an application of the theoretical knowledge - an actual area si analysed. This part discovers and analyses the signs used in the Prague Civil International Airport and it seeks polarities permitting to examine the present binary opositions. It also addresses the control and surveillance typical for airports. This gives an opportunity to the reader to better know and understand the signs present in the area as well as to apprehend the principles of the airport's semiotic model applicable to all comparable places.
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