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Extracurricular activities for children and youth with autism spectrum disorders
Novotná, Michaela ; Opekarová, Olga (advisor) ; Šiška, Jan (referee)
Diplomová práce seznamuje s jednotlivými symptomy a typy pervazivních vývojových poruch. Předkládá možnosti využití široké škály různých přístupů či programů při práci s těmito žáky. Věnuje se hře ve spojení s poruchami autistického spektra a s využitím volného času v rámci školy, rodiny či projektu. Práce nastiňuje jednotlivá úskalí mimoškolních aktivit dětí a mládeže s poruchami autistického spektra. Zdůrazňuje, jakou významnou pozici mimoškolní aktivity v životě dětí a mládeže zastupují a jak důležité jsou pro všestranný rozvoj. Dále mapuje volnočasové aktivity, kterým se věnují děti a mládež s poruchami autistického spektra v rámci rodiny, školy a nejrůznějších projektů. Nedílnou součástí mimoškolních činností se stává hra, kterou lze využít jako jednu z možných forem práce s dětmi a mládeží s poruchami autistického spektra. Volný čas a hra se také prolíná návrhem projektu, který je součástí diplomové práce. Projekt nese název: "Společná škola v přírodě".
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Topics and Experiments relating to a Healthy Lifestyle for primary and secondary school
Novotná, Michaela ; Šulcová, Renata (advisor) ; Štěpánková, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague - Faculty of Science Department of Teaching and Didactics of Chemistry Hlavova 8, Prague 2 Topics and Experiments relating to a Healthy Lifestyle for primary and secondary school Bc. Michaela Novotná novotna.michaela@email.cz The theme worked up in this diploma thesis was Topics and Experiments relating to a Healthy Lifestyle for Primary and Secondary Schools. Taking into the consideration the subject theme the rules of healthy foods and healthy lifestyle were justified. Next, the results of non-observation were limited and the illnesses, relating to this topic, were characterized. The theoretic summary was worked up in such a manner to be used by teachers as hard base for possible explanation of this theme in chemistry and biology education. The analysis of final works of the same theme was made according to criterions which were stated in advance. Next, the experiments were proposed. These experiments are for students of primary and secondary schools. The templates to the experiments are the part of the diploma thesis. The questionnaire research was worked up in the secondary school. This research shows the relation of young people to the healthy lifestyle.
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The effect of addictive substance abuse during pregnancy on newborn
Novotná, Michaela ; Břízová, Vlastimila (advisor) ; Lorenz, Andrea (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals with addictions in pregnancy and its consequences on the newborn. Addiction is the ever-emerging problem. The usage of substances is no exception in a population of pregnant women. The most commonly used substances are both socially tolerated alcohol and nicotine. Despite lower numbers there also addiction to heroin, marijuana and meth. Usage affects not only the woman but also her unborn child. Newborn babies are born with low birth weight, withdrawal syndromes, congenital developmental defects and are also at risk of death. Everything is depending on the substance and the amount used by a pregnant woman. These women and their children require a special and comprehensive care. In the practical part we deal with the degree of the mother's awareness of the consequences of substance abuse. Research was conducted using a questionnaire which women fill voluntarily and anonymously. Correctly filled 100% of the returned questionnaires (103). As we expected in our hypotheses, the most commonly used addictive substance between the respondents was nicotine, which have taken a maximum of 5 cigarettes per day. Furthermore, the questionnaire has confirmed the hypothesis that more than 50% of women have knowledge about the negative effects of substance abuse in pregnancy...
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Mechanism of inducible gene expression of resistance protein Vga(A)LC from Staphylococcus haemolyticus.
Novotná, Michaela ; Balíková Novotná, Gabriela (advisor) ; Lišková, Petra (referee)
The staphylococcal protein VgaA belongs to ARE ABCF family, which confers resistance to ribosome binding antibiotics by the target protection mechanism. VgaA confers resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins A and pleuromutilins and thus provides the so-called LSAP resistance phenotype. The expression of resistance genes often reduces fitness in the absence of an antibiotic, therefore the expression of resistance genes is often tightly controlled and triggered only in response to the presence of an antibiotic to which the protein confers resistance. The inducible expression has also been observed for the vgaA gene, nevertheless, its mechanism has not been elucidated. In the diploma thesis, it was shown that the vgaALC gene from Staphylococcus haemolyticus is regulated by ribosome-mediated attenuation. The mechanism is based on the detection of translation inhibitors via a ribosome translating a special regulatory open reading frame (uORF), which is part of an attenuator located in the 5' untranslated region of the mRNA. The vgaALC gene is regulated at the transcriptional level in response to LSAP antibiotics. Antibiotic specificity of induction is affected not only by the nature of the peptide encoded by uORF but also by the antibiotic specificity of the resistance protein. Fluorescence microscopy...
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Control of the gene expression by cis-acting non-coding RNAs and their importance in regulating genes conferring resistance to antibiotics
Novotná, Michaela ; Balíková Novotná, Gabriela (advisor) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee)
This work is focused on the regulation of gene expression mediated by intrinsic regulatory RNA elements that are part of the 5' end of mRNA untranslated region. These so-called r5'UTR elements are able to bind a wide spectrum of different types of molecules, from ions and small metabolites through the transfer RNA to large protein complexes. Based on this interaction, they modulate the expression of downstream gene, which therefore becomes inducible. This type of riboregulation is widely spread in bacteria and is employed even in the control of many antibiotic resistance genes. Modulation of such genes is considerably advantageous for the cell, as it provides reduction of the negative impact on the fitness of bacteria, which is often connected to the expression of resistance genes. The aim of this work is at the molecular level to characterize all types of intrinsic regulatory elements and outline how the knowledge of these systems could be used in clinical practise for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Key words Regulation of gene expression, ncRNA, cis-acting regulatory RNA, r5'UTR element, attenuation, antibiotic resistance
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Fluktuace pracovníků ve vybrané organizaci
NOVOTNÁ, Michaela
The aim of the thesis is to propose changes to improve and streamline human resources management in the area of employee turnover in selected organization in connection with the analysis, evaluation and management of this area. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, the literature search is based on the study of literature, professional articles and internet resources that focus on the issue. Specifically, it is the fluctuation of employees with a focus on its theoretical definition and context, including the relationship with job satisfaction. The following practical part deals with the analysis of employee turnover in the selected organization. First, an organization is introduced and then two analyzes are performed. The first one is the analysis of employee turnover according to selected indicators and the second one is the analysis of job satisfaction in relation to employee turnover. Based on these analyzes, suggestions for improving the area are proposed.
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The effect of addictive substance abuse during pregnancy on newborn
Novotná, Michaela ; Břízová, Vlastimila (advisor) ; Lorenz, Andrea (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis deals with addictions in pregnancy and its consequences on the newborn. Addiction is the ever-emerging problem. The usage of substances is no exception in a population of pregnant women. The most commonly used substances are both socially tolerated alcohol and nicotine. Despite lower numbers there also addiction to heroin, marijuana and meth. Usage affects not only the woman but also her unborn child. Newborn babies are born with low birth weight, withdrawal syndromes, congenital developmental defects and are also at risk of death. Everything is depending on the substance and the amount used by a pregnant woman. These women and their children require a special and comprehensive care. In the practical part we deal with the degree of the mother's awareness of the consequences of substance abuse. Research was conducted using a questionnaire which women fill voluntarily and anonymously. Correctly filled 100% of the returned questionnaires (103). As we expected in our hypotheses, the most commonly used addictive substance between the respondents was nicotine, which have taken a maximum of 5 cigarettes per day. Furthermore, the questionnaire has confirmed the hypothesis that more than 50% of women have knowledge about the negative effects of substance abuse in pregnancy...
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Anthracological analysis of charcoals from Vladislav's hall at the Prague Castle
NOVOTNÁ, Michaela
The topic of this bachelor´s work is about antracological analysis of charcoals from waste vault infill in Vladislav´s hall at the Prague Castle. Thanks to this method of charcoal analyzing I found out information about tree taxons which were present in waste vault infill. This gathered information was interpreted and compared with different sets with similar attributes. Also in this work there are outlined circumstances about formation of the waste vault infill and the possible ways of timber transport into the capital city of Prague. In this work i drew from archeological, archebotanical and historical sources and literature.
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Used textbook of civics and social sciences
NOVOTNÁ, Michaela
The aim of the thesis is to explore the current state of using text books of civics and social sciences based on research at selected primary and secondary schools and to assess positive and negative aspects of these textbooks. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part will define textbook concept and describes its basic functions, requirements, structural components and evaluation. Furthermore, it focuses on the description of the text books of Civics and Social Sciences with former and current guidance of the Ministry of Education, which is commonly used in schools from 1989 to the present. The practical part will include research survey (questionnaire) realised on ten selected primary and secondary schools in Pelhřimov and Pacov. The research will be supplemented by interviews with teachers.
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