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Business Intelligence in Healthcare - Data Mining Techniques as a Possible Hospital Management Tool in Austria
Schmied, Marten ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mevenkamp, Nils (referee)
Public healthcare provision is under increasing economic restraints making an efficient and sustainable managerial planning a necessity in the hospital sector. Business Intelligence is the extraction of business relevant knowledge in order to adjust and refine executive operations. On the free market industries have applied the according methods and software dedicated to the generation of Business Intelligence is offered by variety of companies. Data Mining, furthermore, describes the facilitation of algorithms in order to train programs to detect unseen patterns from huge amounts of data. Therefore mining techniques are suitable for adding to the business relevant knowledge, particularly as they can produce more accurate predictions. The thesis examined the status of Information Technology normally utilized in Austrian hospitals and simultaneously identified studies that apply Data Mining to a Hospital Information System to gain Business Intelligence. While the general level of Austrian Hospital Information Systems is well sophisticated, common challenges are present in a separation between clinical and administrative systems and their interfaces. For the Data Mining a majority of studies aims at medical improvements. Some applications were found to have good business relevant prospects but their feasible introduction into the practice needs additional fostering.
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Sociální determinanty zdraví a ekonomiky: Globální finanční krize 2007/08 a její dopad na blahobyt Evropanů
Scheier, Samuel ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mevenkamp, Nils (referee)
Objective Objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the recent economic crisis of 2007/2008 on the subjective well-being and health status in thirteen European countries. Methods The European Social Survey (ESS) database was searched for individual health and wellbeing indicators and the database of the European Commission Eurostat for economic indicators. Data representing social determinants like education, housing and employment status and others before, during and after the crisis were retrieved. Eurostat data were used to analyse economic indicators and health outcomes on country level. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the changes in the different parameters over time. Regression analysis was performed to demonstrate relations between subjective well-being and different social determinants. Results Between 2006 and 2012 all countries experienced changes in their populations' subjective well-being. From 2006 to 2010 (crisis) the number of people with good or very good subjective well-being increased in France, Ireland, Belgium and Portugal by 0.6%, 1.0%, 1.2% and 6.5%, respectively. In Denmark and Spain this number remained basically stable. In Sweden, the United Kingdom, Finland and Germany the percentage of the population with good or very good subjective well-being decreased by 1.1%, 2.7%, 1.7% and 2.8%, respectively. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant relation between good and very good subjective well-being and level of education, main activity during the last 7 days, satisfaction with life, satisfaction with household income, main source of household income, gender and age. This relation differed for various factors and countries. In none of the countries satisfaction with national health services and satisfaction with current state of economy within the country was found significantly related to subjective well-being. The main amendable determinant correlating with a higher degree of subjective well-being is good education. The correlation between education and subjective well-being got stronger after the crisis than before or during the crisis. Conclusion Economic development does not have a uniform impact on subjective well-being. Education is a major amendable determinant influencing individual well-being. We could not find evidence for any significant impact of the organization of the healthcare services or social system on the subjective well-being.
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The influence of non-health factors on life quality
Beňačka, Adam ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mevenkamp, Nils (referee)
The aim of this master thesis is to analyze the influence of non-health factors on quality of life in member countries of the European Union. For the analysis, economic and developmental variables were used. The master thesis begins with analysis of life expectancy in the world due to quality of life directly affecting life expectancy. The next part is devoted to the analysis of the influence of GDP on quality of life and correlation between single dimensions of the Human Development Index. The Health index, Inequality-adjusted income index, Expenditure on public health and GNI per capita PPP were analyzed in order to illustrate their influence and importance in provision of quality of life. Unemployment of the age group 55+ and out-of-pocket spending were analyzed to demonstrate their influence on quality of life and life expectancy. Pension systems and retirement age were analyzed with connection to ageing of the population and fiscal problems arising from decreased fertility. Gender inequality is analyzed, drawing adverse consequences of a more equitable, but not a long-term oriented society. As a result of this master thesis, the conclusion was drawn in form of a Quality of life dilemma diagram. The diagram consists of all the variables analyzed in the master thesis displaying positive, negative and likely positive relationships between variables and quality of life. In the conclusion, the problem of sustainability of public finances, welfare state and competitiveness caused by longevity and low fertility affecting future quality of life in the European countries is summed up. The finding of this thesis is that quality of life is a very complex issue and in order to achieve a sustainable quality of life, all the variables have to be wisely governed. Short-term unbalanced improvements in quality of life will very likely retaliate in terms of deterioration of other variables in the future, pulling quality of life down.
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Sociální prostředí a zdravotnictví odvětví
da Rocha Fernandes, Joao Diogo ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Mevenkamp, Nils (referee)
The objective of this thesis was to defend an alternative approach by health policy makers for improving health outcomes through investing on social factors of peoples' lives, rather than by increasing health expenditures. In order to defend this theory, this master thesis addresses two research questions: Which are the social determinants of health with largest impact on health status of individuals? And what is the statistical correlation between those social determinants of health and self-reported health status, and psychological health, for Germany, Denmark, Spain and Ireland? The first question was answered by developing a comprehensive research among the mostrelevant literature in the field of social determinants of health and the second through the construction of a statistical multiple regression model. According this study the social determinants with largest impact on the health status of individuals are: physical activity, education level, the welfare state, emotional support, socio-economic status, living conditions, working conditions, and life balance. Regarding the results of multiple regression models all variables followed the expected trend and it was possible to proof significant statistical correlation in 7 of the 8 determinants chosen, especially in the cases of working conditions and life balance, where those having problems managing these aspects of life experienced 50% or in some cases 30% of the health status of individuals with positive experiences in these life dimensions.
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