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Analysis of hydrological drought and trends of rainfall-runoff data in the Bouřlivec and Loučenský stream basins
Vítková, Petra ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Matoušková, Milada (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of hydrological drought in the Bouřlivec and Loučenský stream basins, located in the northwest of the Czech Republic in the Ore Mountains. Available hydrological and climatological data series from two limnographic and four climatological stations were used to characterize the hydrological drought. The intensity of the occurrence of hydrological drought in the stream basins of interest was assessed using the method of threshold values and the method of insufficient volumes. According to the results of the work, the hydrological year 2020 was marked as extremely low in water on both monitored profiles, which points to the accumulating causes of drought from previous years. In terms of hydrological drought, the year 2018 was also significant. The diploma thesis also aims to detect trends in data series of precipitation, air temperature and inflow into the Všechlapy reservoir using the Mann-Kendall test. The results of statistical testing of the trend point to an increasing trend of air temperature and a decreasing trend of the inflow into the Všechlapy reservoir. A significant trend in the precipitation data series was not confirmed. Trend testing was preceded by an assessment of the homogeneity of the available data sets. Last but not least, emphasis is...
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Integration of drainage measures in stream restoration projects. Application in the catchment area of the Klíšský Brook.
Vláčilová, Klára ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with options of integration of drainage measures in stream restoration projects in rural landscape. The main aims are creation of research on the topic and creation of database of drainage systems in the area of interest, upper course of the Klíšský Brook. Partial aim is physical- geographical characreristics of the area of interest. The positive and negative effects of drainage are presented and discussed, and then adaptation measures to mitigate the harmful effects are described. The overview of drainage in the catchment is a synthesis of map data from the Register of Soil Blocks, data provided by the Ohře River Basin, drainage found in aerial photographs and field research. There are both main drainage facilities and drainage pipes in the area of interest. 10 surface canals and 7 drainages flow into the revitalized part of the Klíšský Brook. While the canals are still functional, the drainage is clogged with sediment, overgrown with vegetation and causes wetting. The results serve as a basis for the design of adaptation measures in the restoration of the Klíšský Brook. Key words: hydromelioration, drainage, rural landscape, adaptation measures, restoration, water retention
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Impacts of hydrological extremes on surface water quality in headwater areas. Application in the model study area of the upper Rolava catchment.
Šajnarová, Lucie ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Havlíková, Petra (referee)
Precipitation-runoff extremes in the source areas have a significant effect on changes in the geochemism of surface waters, which also affect peatlands in the basin. The main goals of this theses include research literature on the topic of changes in the geochemism of surface waters in spring areas with peat bogs in the basin in response to precipitation-runoff extremes. Furthermore, an analysis of runoff and precipitation conditions in the hydrological years 2018, 2019 and 2020 and an analysis of changes in water quality parameters depending on precipitation-runoff extremes for the period from 2013 to 2020 were performed. The relationship between conductivity and flow was monitored using hysteresis loops. The work used data from the experimental profile of KFGG PřF UK on the Slatinný potok and data on flows for the profile Chaloupky in the Rolava from ČHMÚ. The results show that the relationship between conductivity and flow can be analyzed using hysteresis loops, especially in the period with a rapid increase in flow and their shape changes depending on the reconditioning of the basin. Flow dependence was also observed for other parameters, such as iron. Keywords: hydrological drought, flood, surface water quality, peat bog, electrical conductivity, hysteresis loop
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Changes of geochemistry of surface water in selected catchments of the Ore Mountains
Navrátilová, Denisa ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Benešová, Libuše (referee)
This master thesis focuses on an analysis of surface water chemistry, long-term trends and the impact of drought on changes in concentrations of selected parameters in the upper Svatava, Rolava and Načetínský potok basins located in the Ore Mountains. Research on water quality in mountain spring areas is important, the consequences of various changes can be easily observed there. This work analyses the changes in surface water chemistry and discusses their possible causes, especially the impact of peat bogs and dry episodes. The parameters of water temperature, conductivity, pH, BOD5, COD, TOC, concentration of nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, phosphates, sodium, potassium, calcium and iron were investigated for the period 1993-2018. The available data are analysed using evaluation methods according to ČSN 75 7221 as well as box plots, Pearson correlation coefficient, PCA analysis and Mann-Kendall test. The greatest anthropogenic influence exhibited in Svatava, almost all concentrations reached their highest values there. In the Rolava and Načetínský potok basins, the influence of peatlands manifested itself by increasing the concentrations of iron, TOC and COD. The results of trends showed an increase both in pH and in surface water temperature related to an increase in air temperature, on the...
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Hydromorphological survey as a basis for restoration measures of streams in urban areas
Jonáš, Miroslav ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis deals with hydromorphological survey using the HEM methodology (Langhammer, Hartvich 2014) and its application to the backbone streams of the Bouřlivec catchment. The aim is to determine the extent of anthropogenic modifications on these streams and their subsequent classification according to the corresponding classes of hydromorphological quality. In summary, 28,107 km of watercourses were mapped by field monitoring, which were divided into 101 morphologically unique sections. Each section was assigned a hydromorphological quality class according to the calculated hydromorphological status. In only 4,28 % of these sections, a state close to nature was stated. The remaining 95,72 % of sections show signs of anthropogenic modifications, which are evident especially in sections intersecting urban areas of towns and municipalities. The highest rate of anthropogenic modifications was identified in a total of 1,02 % of sections, which were assigned the worst class of hydromorphological quality. The sections that can be assessed as significantly modified make up to 18,24 % of the mapped area and the moderately modified sections cover 29,57 % of the area of interest. The final comparison of the two investigated streams clearly shows that the Loučenský brook significantly exceeds Bouřlivec,...
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Assessment of physical habitat quality as a basis for restoration of the Klíšský Brook
Vrška, Jaroslav ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of evaluating changes in physical habitat and possible revitalization of Klíšský stream. The bachelor's thesis uses the method of hydroecological monitoring HEM (Langhammer 2014), according to which the evaluation and presentation of the results of field research was performed. The research part of the thesis briefly summarizes the current knowledge in the field of hydromorphology. Furthermore, the research part focuses on current knowledge dealing with the evaluation of the effects of revitalization measures. The current state of the Klíšský brook is described and on the basis of the obtained data, data are collected as a basis for a possible revitalization study of selected sections of the stream. The negative anthropogenic influences acting on the given locality are also summarized. The performed hydromorphological survey and further analyzes are the basis material for further preparation of individual complex revitalization measures. Keywords: hydromorphology, fluvial-morphological characteristics, channel route, riparian belt, flood plain, restoration, restoration efect
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Assessment of anthropogenic modification of the river network using hydromorphological survey as an example of the upper Metuje River
Kavalír, Václav ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Kujanová, Kateřina (referee)
Human modifications and related pressure on watercourses of its ecosystem became greatly discussed problematic in the latest dry years. The translated bachelor's thesis deals with these encroachments on watercourses as well as with its impact on hydromorphological quality. In recherché there are discussed basic hydromorphological knowledge and modifications of watercourses with its negative and positive effects on the watercourse along with its surrounding. For the evaluation of the hydromorphological condition was used HEM methodology (Langhammer 2014) applied on upper course of the Metuje River. Overall, based on the outcome of the HEM methodology the upper stream of the Metuje River is evaluated as a weakly modified. Less disturbed sections can be found in the area of the National Nature Reserve Adršpašsko-Teplické skály. The largest modifications can be seen in the build-up areas of Teplice nad Metují, where these modifications come particularly from the period of the First Republic. The area of the floodplain, is the most affected area. Trace of the rivercourse was overall shorted by 1 569 meters, therefore 7,5 % since mid-19th century, chiefly in the surrounding of Teplice nad Metují. The greatest concentration of diverse modifications is in the build-up zones. Key Words: Hydromorphology,...
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Potential of watercourses restoration measures as a tool for water retention in the floodplain
Zelíková, Nikol ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Jeníček, Michal (referee)
The object of this thesis is the evaluation of the restoration potential of small hydraulic structures for increasing water retention in river floodplain by using 2D HEC-RAS hydraulic model. A former millrace of the Rožnovská Bečva River was used for the design of restoration measures. The restoration proposal consists of partial modification of the current millrace and new close-to-nature watercourse in the agricultural floodplain. Restoration proposal also includes changes in land use, which consist of grassing and afforestation. The input data used for the hydraulic model are digital terrain model (5G) by ČÚZK, surface roughness parameter and mean hourly discharge data of 1997 (Q100) and 2007 (Q5) flood events provided by CHMI. The results of the hydraulic simulations point to the positive effect of proposed restoration measures especially in the change of flooded volumes (3x higher) and flooded areas (2x higher). The results indicate that restoration measures lead to the flooding from the newly designed watercourse that precedes the flooding from the Rožnovská Bečva River. This brings the possibility of more frequent occurrence of inundation events favourable for water retention in the river floodplain. Keywords: retention, floodplain, restoration, hydraulic structures, Rožnovská Bečva River,...
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